医护英语考试三级模拟题

METS-3模拟SectionIListeningComprehension(30%)（25minutes）Directions:ThissectionisdesignedtotestyourabilitytounderstandspokenEnglishinnursingcontexts.Youwillhearaselectionofrecordedmaterialsandyoumustanswerthequestionsthataccompanythem.ThereareTHREEpartsinthissection,PartA,PartB,andParC.Remember,whileyouaredoingthetest,youshouldfirstputdownyouranswersinyourtestbooklet.Attheendofthelisteningcomprehensionsection,youwillhave4minutestotransferyouranswersfromyourtestbookletontoyourANSWERSHEET.(Pause00’05’’)(Tone)NowlookatPartAinyourtestbooklet.PartAYouwillhear10shortdialogues.Foreachdialogue,thereisonequestionandFOURpossibleanswers.Choosethecorrectanswer–[A],[B],[C],or[D],andmarkitinyourtestbooklet.Youwillhave10secondstoanswerthequestionandyouwillheareachdialogueONLYONCE.1.WhatdoesthewomansayaboutDoctorLangus?[A]Heistheonlyoneavailable. [B]Heistooyoungfortheoperation.[C]Hehasdonemanyoperations. [D]Heisanexcellentdoctor.*2.Whatdoyoulearnaboutthedischarge?[A]Itisyellowish. [B]Ithasabadsmell.* [C]Itislikemucus.[D]Itisclear.3.Whendoheadachesaffectthepatient?[A]Whenhetakesaspirin. [B]Whenheliesdown.[C]Whenhegetsnervous.* [D]Whenhetravels4.Whatdoesthedoctorwanttoknow?[A]Thepatient’sdailyactivity. [B]Thepatient’slife-style.[C]Thepatient’sexercisepattern. [D]Thepatient’sphysicalcondition.*5.Whatseemstotroublethepatient?[A]Hisurinedoesnotcomeouteasily.*[B]Hisproblemhaslastedaboutaweek.[C]Heurinatesfrequently.[D]Heexperiencespainafterurinating.6.Whatdoesthewomanmean?[A]Thepatientshouldn’twalkatall.[B]Thepatientshouldn’tleanonthewall.[C]Thepatientneedshelpifhewalks.*[D]Thepatientshoulduseawalkerforsupport.7.Whatdoesthemanthinkofwhatappearsonhislegs?[A]Somethingserious. [B]Somethingfunny.[C]Somethingimportant. [D]Somethinginsignificant.*8.Whatisthenursetryingtoexplain?[A]Thewaytodothetest. [B]Necessityforthebloodtest.*[C]Signsofcoloncancer. [D]Whatoccultbloodmeans.9.Whatdoesthewomansayaboutlungcancer?[A]Thedeathrateishigh.* [B]It’slessprevalentthanotherforms.[C]Manypatientscansurvive. [D]Thecostfortreatmentisrising.10.Whatarethetwotalkingabout?[A]Maggie’sjobperformance. [B]Maggie’sfamilybackground.[C]Maggie’spersonality. [D]Maggie’scareerchoice.*PartBDirections:You’regoingtohearonelongdialogueandoneshorttalk.Beforelisteningtoeachone,youwillhave5secondstoreadeachofthequestionswhichaccompanyit.Whilelistening,answereachquestionbychoosing[A],[B],[C]or[D].Afterlistening,youwillhave10secondstocheckyouranswertoeachquestion.ThenmarkyouransweronyourAnswerSheet.YouwillheareachpieceONLYONCE.11.Whatdoesthewomansayinthebeginningoftheconversation?[A]She’sbeenworkingonareport.[B]She’sbeenlookingforthedoctor.*[B]Sheneedstoknowthetestresult.[D]She’sgotanewassignment.12.Whatdoesthemansayabouthimself?[A]He’sbeenfeelingbadrecently. [B]Hedoesn’thavegoodmemory.[C]Heisverybusynow.* [D]Hehassolvedthecase.13.Whatisthereportabout?[A]Amanwhodiedwhenhefellfromaheight.* [B]Amanwhohadaheartattackwhileworking.[C]Amanwhogothurtbysomefallingobject. [D]Amanwhotrippedandbrokehisarm.14.Whatdidtheemployerssayaboutthecase?[A]Theworkmanwascareless. [B]Thesafetymeasurewassufficient.*[C]Itwastheresultofaheartattack. [D]Theywereonlypartlyresponsible.15.Whatdoesthedoctorthinkofthecase?[A]Itwasdefinitelydrug-related. [B]Theworkmanshouldn’thaveworkedalone.[C]Itwascausedbypoormanagement.* [D]Thejobwastooheavyfortheworkman.16.Whatdoesthespeakerimplyaboutourfeet?[A]Wedon’tthinkmuchofthem.* [B]Wethinktheyareveryimportant.[C]Weknowalotaboutourfeet. [D]Theyareverycomplicated.17.Howcanwebestmakeuseofourfeetaccordingtothetalk?[A]Wearingstylishshoes. [B]Wearinglight,softshoes.[C]Changingshoeswhennecessary. [D]Fittingshoestospecialactivities*18.Whatmayhappenifyourfeetsufferfrompain?[A]Youmayhurtyourskeleton. [B]Youmayhavebackache.*[C]Yourtoenailsmaycrack. [D]Youmaytearsomeligaments.19.Howcanyoukeepyourfeetingoodshape?[A]Keepingthemclean.* [B]Wearingtightsocks.[C]Neverwalkingbarefoot. [D]Notwalkingonroughsurface.20.Whatcanyoudoifyourfeetsweatalot?[A]Towearclean,comfortablesocks. [B]Towalkbarefootoncoldsurface.[C]Towearshoesofnaturalmaterials.* [D]Towashyourshoesdaily.PartC:Note-takingandGap-fillingDirections:Youwillhearatalk.Beforeyourlistening,youwillhave30secondstoreadthetextbriefly.Youmaytakenoteswhileyouarelistening;checkyouranswerswhenthetalkisreadthesecondtime.BesuretowriteyouranswersinthecorrespondingspacesonyourAnswerSheet.YouwillhearthetalkTWICE.Themedicalhistoryofapatientisessentialforthephysicianwhoisattemptingto______21______ofadisease.Thefirstitemstoberecordedarethepatient’sname,race,age,birthplace,sex,______22______,andresidence.Thepatient’sageisanimportantfactorbecausecertaindiseases,includingsomecontagiousdiseases,______23______,andacuteleukemia,arefoundmainlyinyoungpeople,whileotherdiseases,includingarterioscleroticheartdiseaseanddegenerativediseases,aremuchmorecommonin______24______people.Thepatient’soccupationisalsoanimportantfactor,especiallyifthepatient’sjob______25______.Therealmedicalhistorystartswitha______26______forthepatient’scomingtothehospitalforconsultation.Thephysicianneedstoknowtheexactcircumstancesofthe______27______ofthesymptoms.Furtherquestioningdevelopsdetailsofthehealthofthepatient’sfamily,hishabitsandlifestyle,andhis______28______.Finally,thephysicianasksaseriesofquestionsabout_______29_____suchastheheart,lungs,andstomach.Atthecompletionofathoroughmedicalhistory,thephysicianoftenhasagoodleadto______30______,oratleasthecanbegintocategorizeillness.SectionⅡUseofEnglish(15%)(15minutes)PartAVocabularyandStructureDirections:Thereare20incompletesentencesinthispart.ForeachsentencethereareFOURchoices,marked[A],[B],[C]and[D].Choosetheonethatbestcompletesthesentence.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronyourAnswerSheet.31.Thedoctorseemedtohave_______toordercertainstudieswhichwewouldconsiderroutineandbasic.[A]informed [B]supervised [C]neglected* [D]delayed32.Whenapersonsuffersfromseverepain,_______ofbronchialtubesandincreasedrespiratoryrateprovidesgreateroxygenintake.[A]division [B]disturbance[C]dimension [D]dilation*33.Whenoneexercises_______,increasedheartrateprovidesgreateroxygentransport.[A]strenuously* [B]moderately [C]absolutely [D]gently34.Inextremecoldweather,_______vasoconstrictionelevatesbloodpressure.[A]peripheral* [B]parallel [C]pericardial[D]periodical35.Increasedmuscle_______preparesmusclesforaction.[A]traction [B]tension* [C]extension[D]contraction36.Thesickchildshouldbeencouragedto______byusingsalinesolution.[A]rinse [B]gargle* [C]swallow [D]gurgle37.Bothfeverandheatincreasethepulseratebecauseofincreased_______rate.[A]curative [B]calorie [C]energetic [D]metabolic*38._______nutritionalsupportismoreeffectivephysiologicallyandcompletenutritionally.[A]Thoracic [B]Edible [C]Enteral* [D]Tracheal39.Anodorof_______intheurinemayindicateaurinarytractinfection.[A]ammonia* [B]anemia [C]insomnia [D]uremia40.Themechanismsbywhichplateletsfunctionin_______areessentiallyunknown.[A]hematemesis [B]hematuria [C]hemorrhage [D]hemostasis*41.Artificialrespirationisappliedincases_______anindividualhaseithertemporarilyorpermanentlylostthecapacitytoperformthenormalmotionsofrespiration.[A]when [B]which [C] where* [D]ofwhat42.Thistypeofinjuryoccurswhen,forexample,aman_______alongaraisedbeamslipsandlandswiththebeambetweenhislegs.[A]walks [B]walking* [C]walked [D]towalk43.Thebronchoscopeisaninstrumentcontainingtinymirrors,_______thatthedoctorcaninspectthebronchiandthelargerbronchialtubes.[A]arrangedso [B]arrangedsuch [C]soarranged* [D]sucharranged44.Dialysissavesthelivesofmanypeoplewhowould_______dieofkidneyfailureandfataluremicpoisoning.[A]then [B]otherwise* [C]rather [D]sooner45.Veryoftenemergencytracheotomiesareperformedonchildrenwhohaveinhaledsomethinglarge_______therespiratorypassages.[A]blocks [B]blocking [C]sotoblock [D]enoughtoblock*46.Itisimportantthatthenurse_______apatient’spersonalspacebystandingorsittingtooclose.[A]notviolate* [B]didn’tviolate [C]doesnotviolate [D]wouldnotviolate47.Ifallthetubesinthekidney_______separated,straightenedandlaidendtoend,theywouldspansome120kilometers.[A]were* [B]canbe [C]wouldbe [D]had48.Bytheendofthethirdmonththenewindividual,nowknownasafetus,hasreachedalengthofnearly4inches,_______thelegs.[A]toinclude [B]andthatinclude [C]included [D]including*49.Sometimessomanyairsacsbecomefilledwithfluidthatthevictimfinds_______enoughoxygentomaintainlife.[A]ithardlytoabsorb[B]toabsorbhardly [C]ithardtoabsorb*[D]ithardlyabsorbing50.Atearinthepelvicfloortissuesdoesnothealreadily;and_______,itoftenleavesaweakenedarea.[A]afterithas [B]afteritdoes*[C]evenithas [D]evenitisPartBClozeDirections:Readthefollowingpassage.Choosethebestwordorphraseforeachnumberedblankfromamongthefourchoices[A],[B],[C],and[D],andmarkitonyourAnswerSheet.World-famousmountainbikerJohnTomacworksmassagetherapyintoatrainingprogramthatalsoincludesriding20hoursaweek.“Massageseemsto___51___myrecoverytime,”hesays,“whichmeansthatI’mbetteroffatthestartofthenextrace.”ManyathletesagreewithTomac,____52____thescientificevidencetosupportthisideaisallbutnonexistent.“Idon’t____53____anyproofthatmassagehasapositiveeffectonperformance,”saysJennyStone,aprofessorofsportsmedicine.“Still,mostoftheathleteshere____54____intravelingwithtrainerswhoarecertifiedmassagetherapists.”Sowhatisitthatbringssomanyathletestothemassagetable?Oneofthefewbenefitsmassagetherapistsagreeonisthatmassagehelpsincreaselocalcirculation,withtheresult____55____themetabolicwastesthatcollectinmuscleduringexercisearesweptaway____56____oxygenandnutrientscanmoveinandhelpthemusclerecover.Howthis____57____intoperformanceisunknown,butnooneisaboutto____58____massageasuseless.“Ifamassagehelpsanathletetocomeoffaftera(n)____59____workoutandsleepbetter,who’stosay____60____alonedoesn’timprovehisorherperformancethenextday?”51. [A]raise [B]decrease* [C]enlarge [D]fasten52. [A]though [B]while [C]as [D]yet*53. [A]readof [B]hearof [C]knowof* [D]believein54. [A]assist [B]insist [C]persist* [D]determine55. [A]which [B]that* [C]in [D]from56. [A]inthat [B]sothat* [C]inorder [D]providedthat57. [A]fits* [B]benefits [C]contributes [D]matches58. [A]dismiss* [B]regard [C]accept [D]refuse59. [A]intense* [B]relaxed [C]continual [D]constant60. [A]if [B]whether [C]all [D]that*SectionIIIReadingComprehension(40%)(40minutes)Directions:Thereare4passagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.Foreachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarked[A],[B],[C]and[D].YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheetwithasinglelinethroughthecenter.PassageABurnsandscaldsarepainfulinjuriesthatmayprovefatalifsevereoriftheycoveralargearea.Burnsarecausedbyfire,hotmetals,chemicals,radiation,orelectricity.Scaldsarecausedbyhotliquids,steam,orotherhotvapors,andaretreatedmuchthesameasburns.Classificationofburnsisdeterminedbythedepthofthetissueinjury.First-degreeburnsarethoseinwhichthesurfaceisredandpainful,buttheskinisnotbrokenorblistered.Typicalfirst-degreeburnsresultfromsunburn,electricflash,andothermildcauses.Second-degreeburnsarethoseinwhichblistersareformed.Third-degreeburnsaredeep,withcharringandactualdestructionoftheskinandtissue.Second-andthird-degreeburnsfrequentlybecomeinfectedandareveryserious.Treatmentofburnsmusttakeintoconsiderationthepossibilityofsevereshockcausedbythegreatpainofsecond-andthird-degreeburns.Itisnecessarytoworkrapidlytoavoidchillingthepatient,andheshouldbekeptinahorizontalposition.Inlargefirst-degreeburns,theshockmaybemoreseriousthantheburnitself.Infirst-aidtreatment,asterilepetrolatumointmentisexcellent.Whenthisisnotavailable,bakingsoda(sodiumbicarbonate)maysafelybeusedinaslightlywarmsolution,threeheapingtable-spoonfulstoaquartofwater.Forlargeburns,cleanlinen,sheets,ortowelsdippedinthesodasolutionmaybewrappedaroundtheperson,afterwhichblanketsandhotwaterbottlesareusedtocombatshock.Immediatecarebyaphysicianmaypreventdisfiguringscars.Chemicalburnsshouldbewashedimmediatelywithflowingwater(fromafaucetorhose,orbypouring)todiluteandremovethechemical.Afterthishasbeendone,theinjurymaybecaredforasanyotherburns.61.Whatdoburnsandscaldshaveincommon?[A]Bothconditionscausepain.* [B]Bothconditionsareoftenfatal.[C]Botharecausedbysomethinghot. [D]Bothconditionsusuallyaffectlargeareas.62.Whatistheclassificationofburnsmainlybasedon?[A]Theextentofinfection. [B]Thecausativefactors.[C]Thedepthofinjury.* [D]Theconditionofskinandsurface.63.Thepassageimpliesthat_________.[A]theburnpatientshouldbechilledquickly [B]greatpainsfromburnssometimesleadtoshock*[C]thelargertheareaaffected,thedeepertheinjury[D]second-orthird-degreeburnsoftencauseshock.64.Whichofthefollowingisnotmentionedaspartofthefirst-aid?[A]Theapplicationofasterileointment. [B]Theuseofbakingsodainawarmsolution.[C]Keepingthepatientwarmwithblankets. [D]Cleaningtheburnedsurfacewithtowels.*65.Whatshouldbethefirststepintreatingchemicalburns?[A]Callinginanexperiencedphysician. [B]Coveringtheaffectedareawithointment.[C]Wrappinguptheaffectedpartswithsheets. [D]Removingthechemicalswithflowingwater.*PassageBThebigmid-yearscarelastyearwassharkattacks.Thisyearit’sWestNilevirus(西尼罗病毒)—athreatthatisinsomewaysmorefrighteningbecauseyoudon’thavetogonearthewatertogethurt.Deaththisseasonisbeingspreadbymosquitoeshatchedinyourbackyards.Theinfestation,firstreportedinNewYorkCityin1999,hasreachednearlyeveryregioneastoftheRockies.Sevenpeoplehavediedsofarthisyear,andhealthofficialsbelievethataneighthman,whodiedinMississippilastweek,wasinfested.Neighborshavepracticallycometoblowsovertheprosandconsofsprayingagainstmosquitoes.Beforeyoudecidenevertogooutagainatdawnordusk,though,itpaystoconsiderthelatestinformationaboutWestNilevirus.Yes,theWestNilevirushasbeenfoundinbirdsandmosquitoesinmanystates.Yes,itseemslikelytoreachtheWestCoastbytheendoftheyear.Butthechancesofgettinginfectedarestillprettyslim,andmostpeoplewhogetsickwilldevelopmildflu-likesymptoms.Inonlyararefewwilltheinfectionleadtoencephalitis,apotentiallydeadlyinflammationofthebrain.ThatdoesnotmeanyoushouldignoretheWestNilevirus.Andpublic-healthofficialsdefinitelyneedtoupdatesomeoftheirlong-forgottenplansformosquitocontrol.Butit’snotasifwe’relivinginthe18thor19thcentury,whenmosquito-borneillnesseslikeyellowfeverravagedNewYork.Backthen,doctorsdidn’tevenknowthatmosquitoesweretoblame,andtherewascertainlynovaccine—asthereisnowforyellowfever—tohelpcontrolthespreadofthedisease.WorkisprogressingonavaccineforWestNile.Meanwhile,thebeststrategyistousealittlecommonsense.Killingallthebirdsandmosquitoesthatcarrythevirusisnotreallyanoption.“Peoplearegoingtohavetochangetheirhabits,”saysDr.JohnShanley.Thatmeanswearinglong-sleevedshirtsandlongpantsandusinginsectrepellentduringmosquitoseason.Youshouldalsopracticemosquitocontrolaroundyourhouse.Youcannevereliminaterisk,butinthiscaseatleast,youcancontrolit.66.WhydoestheauthormentionsharkattacksandWestNiletogether?[A]Theythreatenpeopleinthesameway. [B]Theybothoccurnearthewater.[C]Theyhavebothcausedgreatalarm.* [D]Therehavebeenreportsofmoredeathsfromboth.67.Whathashappenedinthefaceoftheseeminglygrowingproblems?[A]Peoplehavestoodtogethertocombattheproblem.[B]Peoplehavearguedoverwhethertousepesticides.*[C]Peoplehaveweighedcarefullytheconsequences.[D]Peoplehavetakenstepstostoptheworseningsituation.68.Theauthorstressesinthesecondparagraphthat__________.[A]WestNilevirusisindeedaseriousthreat [B]WestNilevirusisnothingtoworryabout[C]WestNilevirusisagoodreasonfornotgoingout [D]WestNilevirusshouldbejudgedobjectively*69.Whichofthefollowingisnottrueabouttheyellowfever?[A]Itoncecauseddisastersinsomeareas. [B]Mosquitoeswereblamedforitearlyon.*[C]Itwasabigproblemintheabsenceofavaccine. [D]Avaccineforyellowfeverisnowavailable.70.Thelastparagraphis____________.[A]adiscussionofwaystopreventWestNile* [B]ananalysisofthecausesandeffectsofWestNile[D]awarningagainstunhealthyhabits [D]asummaryofthefightagainstWestNilePassageCGallbladderdisease,alsoknownascholecystitis,occurswhenthegallbladderhasbeenrepeatedlyirritatedbychemicals,infection,oroveruse,thusreducingitsabilitytoreleasebileforthedigestionoffats.Usually,gallstonesconsistingofcalcium,cholesterol,andotherminerals,forminthegallbladderitself.Whenthepatienteatsfoodsthatarehighinfats,thegallbladdercontractstoreleasebile,whichisnecessaryforfatdigestion;thesecontractionsinturncausepressureonthestoneformations.Oneofthecharacteristicsymptomsofgallbladderdiseaseisacutepainintheupperrightportionoftheabdomenaftereatingfattyfoods.Thispainmayfeellikeaheartattackoranulcerattackandisoftenaccompaniedbynausea.Whogetsgallbladderdisease?Theoldwisephraseaboutthe“fivef’s”ofriskfactorsfrequentlyholdstrue.Anyonewhois‘female,fat,fair,forty,andflatulent’(pronetopassgas)appearstobeatincreasedrisk.However,peoplewhodon’tfitthispicturealsogetthedisease.Notallgallstonescauseacutepain.Infact,smallstonesthatpassthroughoneofthebileductsandbecomelodgedmaybemorepainfulthangallstonesthatarethesizeofgolfballs.ManypeoplefindoutthattheyhavegallstonesonlyafterundergoingdiagnosticX-raystoruleoutotherconditions.Theabsenceofsymptomsissignificantbecausegallstonesareconsideredtobeapredisposingfactorforgallbladdercancer.Infact,gallstonesarepresentin75percentofallgallbladdercancersin1989.Currenttreatmentofgallbladderdiseaseusuallyinvolvesmedicationtoreduceirritation,restrictionoffatconsumption,andsurgerytoremovethegallstonesthemselves.Newmedicationsdesignedtodissolvesmallstonesarecurrentlybeingusedinsomepatients.Inaddition,anewtechniqueknownaslithotripsyisbeingused,inwhichsmallstonesarebrokenupusingaseriesofnoninvasiveshockwaves.71.Accordingtothepassage,cholecystitisischaracterizedby__________.[A]feelingnauseaatthesightoffattyfood [B]acutepainintheabdomenaftereatingfat*[C]theaccompanyingoccurrenceofheartattack [D]improperdigestionoffatinthestomach72.Whichofthefollowingisthemaincauseofgallstoneformation?[A]Thecontractionsofgallbladder. [B]Theoverlyirritationofthegallbladder.*[C]Toomuchcholesterolandcalciuminthefood. [D]Highpressurewithinthegallbladder.73.Whatdoesthepassagesayabout“fivef’s”?[A]Theyarebasicallycorrect.* [B]Theyaremostlyimaginary.[C]Theyarerepeatedlytoldinthestory. [D]Theyarestillstandardsfordiagnosis.74.Thepassageimplieswhetherpainoccursingallstoneformationsmaybedeterminedby________.[A]thetendencytopassgas [B]thesizeofthestones[C]thelocationofthestones* [D]thepresenceofcancer75.Whichofthefollowingisnotmentionedasachoiceforthetreatmentofgallbladderdiseases?[A]Administeringirritation-reducingdrugs. [B]Surgicalremovalofthegallstones.[C]Introducingalow-salt,high-proteindiet.* [D]Crushingordissolvinggallstones.PassageDDoyoustillrememberthetimeswhenyourolledupyoursleeveandreceivedavaccinegivenbyadoctororanurse?Thepurposeofavaccineistoprovideanartificiallyacquiredactiveimmunitytoaspecificdisease.Avaccineisapreparationmadeoftheactualcauseofthedisease—theorganismoritstoxin—treatedinsuchawaythatitwillnotcausethediseasewheninjectedbutneverthelesswillstimulateantibodyformation.Ordinarilytheadministrationofavaccineisapreventivemeasure,designedtoprovideprotectioninanticipationofaninvasionbyacertaindiseaseorganism.Vaccinesarenowavailablefornearlyallofthecommoncontagiousdiseaseswiththeexceptionofthecommoncoldandchickenpox.ThedecreaseincasesofsmallpoxandtyphoidfeverissogreatthatimmunizationsforthesenolongerarerecommendedintheUnitedStates.Anexceptiontotheusualruleofavaccinebeinggivenbeforetheinvasionofthediseaseorganismistherabiesvaccine.Rabiesisavirusdiseasetransmittedbythebiteofsuchanimalsasdog,andcats.Thereisnoactualcureforrabies;itisfatalinexactly100percentofcases.However,thediseasedevelopssoslowlyfollowingthetransmissionoftheorganismthatthe“treatment”consistsoftheadministrationofav