高级英语口语教程 下册 教学课件 ppt 作者 周红红 Unit 5

UnderstandingCultureWarming-upquestions: Whatiscultureshock? Whatistheconnectionbetweenlanguageandculture? Giveanexampleofmisunderstandingincommunicationduetodifferentcultures.UnitFiveSeniorOralEnglishCourseUnitFiveListentothefollowingdialogueandtrytofillinthemissinginformation.ThinkaboutItJack:Hellothere,nicetoseeyouback,WangMing.HowwastheSpringFestivalinyourhometown?Wang:Terrific.Ihadawonderfultime.(1)___________wehadahugedinneratmygrandparents’place.Allmyuncles,auntsandcousinswerethere.Jack:That’sareallybigtimefora(2)_____________,isn’tit?Wang:Yes.WeatewhilewatchingCCTV’s(3)_________.Itwasgreatfun.Jack:Iheardplentyof(4)_____________goingoffduringthenight.AChatonHolidaysSeniorOralEnglishCourseUnitFiveThinkaboutItWang:Yes,theyoungpeopleenjoysettingthemoff.Jack:Yeah,Icanseethefuninthat.InsomewaysyourSpringFestival(5)________________meofChristmasbackhomeinAmerica.Butwedon’t(6)________________atChristmas.Wang:Whatdoyoudothen?Jack:Well,onChristmasEvewearebusywiththe(7)________________.Thenweplacepresentsformembersofthefamilyunderthetree.Wang:Isn’titalso(8)________________?Jack:Sure.Butwe(9)________________onChristmasDay.Wang:So,(10)________________________________.Jack:Yousaidit.AChatonHolidaysSeniorOralEnglishCourseUnitFiveListentothefollowingdialogueandtrytofillinthemissinginformation.ThinkaboutItJack:Hellothere,nicetoseeyouback,WangMing.HowwastheSpringFestivalinyourhometown?Wang:Terrific.Ihadawonderfultime.(1)______________wehadahugedinneratmygrandparents’place.Allmyuncles,auntsandcousinswerethere.Jack:That’sareallybigtimefora(2)_____________,isn’tit?Wang:Yes.WeatewhilewatchingCCTV’s(3)____________________.Itwasgreatfun.Jack:Iheardplentyof(4)___________goingoffduringthenight.Wang:Yes,theyoungpeopleenjoysettingthemoff.OnNewYear’sEvefamilyreunionSpringFestivalSpecialfirecrackersAChatonHolidaysSeniorOralEnglishCourseUnitFiveThinkaboutItJack:Yeah,Icanseethefuninthat.InsomewaysyourSpringFestival(5)________meofChristmasbackhomeinAmerica.Butwedon’t(6)______________atChristmas.Wang:Whatdoyoudothen?Jack:Well,onChristmasEvewearebusywiththe(7)_____________________________.Thenweplacepresentsformembersofthefamilyunderthetree.Wang:Isn’titalso(8)_______________________?Jack:Sure.Butwe(9)_________________onChristmasDay.Wang:So,(10)____________________________________.Jack:Yousaidit.remindssetofffireworksdecorationoftheChristmastreeatimeforfamilyreunionhavefamilydinnersimilarinsomeways,differentinothersAChatonHolidaysSeniorOralEnglishCourseUnitFiveVoteforthefollowingcontroversialstatements:►Beautyisonlyamatteroftaste.►Richesareforspending.►Punishmentneverdoesanygood.►Aforeignlanguagecanonlybelearned,nottaught.►Awoman’splaceisintheoffice.►Boysandgirlsshouldhavethesameeducation.►Acountrygetsthegovernmentitdeserves.gotothenextpageIn-classActivities—1.Game:ControversialStatementsSeniorOralEnglishCourseUnitFive►Teachingisbasicallyamatterofexplainingproperly.►Marriedpeoplearehappierthanunmarriedpeople.►Lovemeansneversayingyou’resorry.►Peopleworkbetteriftheyarepaidmore.►Everyoneisbasicallyselfish.►Motorcarisablessingratherthanacurse.►Familyplanningisthesaviorofthedevelopingworld.►MercykillingEuthanasia(安乐死)isagainstmorality.1.Game:ControversialStatementsSeniorOralEnglishCourseUnitFive2.TalkaboutthePictures2.1HowtoMakeaSpeech?SeniorOralEnglishCourseUnitFive2.TalkaboutthePictures2.2ADateSeniorOralEnglishCourseUnitFive2.TalkaboutthePictures2.3TabooSeniorOralEnglishCourseUnitFiveAfter-classActivitiesFiveFundamentalPatternsofCulturalDifferencesDifferentCommunicationStylesThewaypeoplecommunicatevarieswidelybetween,andevenwithin,cultures.Oneaspectofcommunicationstyleislanguageusage.Acrosscultures,somewordsandphrasesareusedindifferentways.Forexample,evenincountriesthatsharetheEnglishlanguage,themeaningof“yes”variesfrom“maybe,I’llconsiderit”to“definitelyso,”withmanyshadesinbetween.Anothermajoraspectofcommunicationstyleisthedegreeofimportancegiventonon-verbalcommunication.PassageforRecitation—SeniorOralEnglishCourseUnitFiveNon-verbalcommunicationincludesnotonlyfacialexpressionsandgestures;italsoinvolvesseatingarrangements,personaldistance,andsenseoftime.Inaddition,differentnormsregardingtheappropriatedegreeofassertivenessincommunicationcanaddtoculturalmisunderstandings.Forinstance,somewhiteAmericanstypicallyconsiderraisedvoicestobeasignthatafighthasbegun,whilesomeblack,JewishandItalianAmericansoftenfeelthatanincreaseinvolumeisasignofanexcitingconversationamongfriends.SeniorOralEnglishCourseUnitFiveDifferentAttitudestowardConflictsSomeculturesviewconflictasapositivething,whileothersviewitassomethingtobeavoided.IntheU.S.,conflictisnotusuallydesirable;butpeopleoftenareencouragedtodealdirectlywithconflictsthatdoarise.Infact,face-to-facemeetingscustomarilyarerecommendedasthewaytoworkthroughwhateverproblemsexist.Incontrast,inmanyEasterncountries,openconflictisexperiencedasembarrassingordemeaning;asarule,differencesarebestworkedoutquietly.Awrittenexchangemightbethefavoredmeanstoaddresstheconflict.FiveFundamentalPatternsofCulturalDifferencesSeniorOralEnglishCourseUnitFiveDifferentApproachestoCompletingTasksFromculturetoculture,therearedifferentwaysthatpeoplemovetowardcompletingtasks.Somereasonsincludedifferentaccesstoresources,differentjudgmentsoftherewardsassociatedwithtaskcompletion,differentnotionsoftime,andvariedideasabouthowrelationship-buildingandtask-orientedworkshouldgotogether.Whenitcomestoworkingtogethereffectivelyonatask,culturesdifferwithrespecttotheimportanceplacedonestablishingrelationshipsearlyoninthecollaboration.FiveFundamentalPatternsofCulturalDifferencesSeniorOralEnglishCourseUnitFiveAcaseinpoint,AsianandHispanicculturestendtoattachmorevaluetodevelopingrelationshipsatthebeginningofasharedprojectandmoreemphasisontaskcompletiontowardtheendascomparedwithEuropean-Americans.European-Americanstendtofocusimmediatelyonthetaskathand,andletrelationshipsdevelopastheyworkonthetask.Thisdoesnotmeanthatpeoplefromanyoneoftheseculturalbackgroundsaremoreorlesscommittedtoaccomplishingthetask,orvaluerelationshipsmoreorless;itmeanstheymaypursuethemdifferently.SeniorOralEnglishCourseUnitFiveDifferentDecision-makingStylesTherolesindividualsplayindecision-makingvarywidelyfromculturetoculture.Forexample,intheU.S.,decisionsarefrequentlydelegated—thatis,anofficialassignsresponsibilityforaparticularmattertoasubordinate.InmanySouthernEuropeanandLatinAmericancountries,thereisastrongvalueplacedonholdingdecision-makingresponsibilitiesoneself.Whendecisionsaremadebygroupsofpeople,majorityruleisacommonapproachintheU.S.;inJapanconsensusisthepreferredmode.Beawarethatindividuals’expectationsabouttheirownrolesinshapingadecisionmaybeinfluencedbytheirculturalframeofreference.FiveFundamentalPatternsofCulturalDifferencesSeniorOralEnglishCourseUnitFiveDifferentAttitudestowardDisclosureInsomecultures,itisnotappropriatetobefrankaboutemotions,aboutthereasonsbehindaconflictoramisunderstanding,oraboutpersonalinformation.Keepthisinmindwhenyouareinadialogueorwhenyouareworkingwithothers.Whenyouaredealingwithaconflict,bemindfulthatpeoplemaydifferinwhattheyfeelcomfortablerevealing.Questionsthatmayseemnaturaltoyou—Whatwastheconflictabout?Whatwasyourroleintheconflict?Whatwasthesequenceofevents?—mayseemintrusivetoothers.Thevariationamongculturesinattitudestowarddisclosureisalsosomethingtoconsiderbeforeyouconcludethatyouhaveanaccuratereadingoftheviews,experiences,andgoalsofthepeoplewithwhomyouareworking.FiveFundamentalPatternsofCulturalDifferencesSeniorOralEnglishCourseUnitFiveAfter-classActivitiesEnjoyaPoem—IfAlltheSkiesWereSunshinebyH.VanDykeIfalltheskiesweresunshine,OurfaceswouldbefainTofeeloncemoreuponthemThecoolingsplashofrain. Ifalltheworldweremusic,OurheartswouldoftenlongForonesweetstrainofsilenceTobreaktheendlesssong. Iflifewerealwaysmerry,OursoulswouldseekreliefAndrestfromwearylaughterInthequietarmsofgrief.SeniorOralEnglishCourseUnitFiveEnjoyaSong—RiverofNoReturn（Mm,ifyoulisten,youcanhearitcall,“Wailerie.”Wailerie）Thereisarivercalledtheriverofnoreturn.Sometimesit’speacefulandsometimeswildandfree.Loveisatravelerontheriverofnoreturn,sweptonforevertobelostinthestormysea.“Wailerie,”Icanheartherivercall.Noreturn,noreturn,noreturn,noreturn,Wailerie.Icanhearmylovercall.Cometome.Noreturn,noreturn.Ilostmyloveontheriver,andforevermyheartwillyearn.Gone,goneforeverdowntheriverofnoreturn.Wailerie,wailerie,Wailerie.He’llneverreturntome.Noreturn,noreturn.SeniorOralEnglishCourseUnitFive