物理化学常数

物理化学常数 -32水的黏度(厘泊) 1厘泊=10N?s/m t/? 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1.787 1.728 1.671 1.618 1.567 1.519 1.472 1.428 1.386 1.346 10 1.307 1.271 1.235 1.202 1.169 1.139 1.109 1.081 1.053 1.027 20 1.002 0.9779 0.9548 0.9325 0.9111 0.8904 0.8705 0.8513 0.8327 0.8148 30 0.7975 0.7808 0.7647 0.7491 0.7340 0.7194 0.7052 0.6915 0.6783 0.6654 40 0.6529 0.6408 0.6291 0.6178 0.6067 0.5960 0.5856 0.5755 0.5656 0.5561 不同温度下水的表面张力 -3-1-3-1t/? σ/10N?m t/? σ/10N?m 0 75.64 21 72.59 5 74.92 22 72.44 10 74.22 23 72.28 11 74.07 24 72.13 12 73.93 25 71.97 13 73.78 26 71.82 14 73.64 27 71.66 15 73.49 28 71.50 16 73.34 29 71.35 17 73.19 30 71.18 18 73.05 35 70.38 19 72.90 40 69.56 20 72.75 45 68.74 有关水的黏度: 1、流体抵抗剪应力的能力称为流体的粘性 2、粘度是流体温度和压强的函数 3、单位是μ/Pa*s(动力粘度)或者ν/m2s-1(运动粘度) 4、10? 水:1.308*10-3μ/Pa*s或者1.308*10-6ν/m2s-1 5、20? 水:1.005*10-3μ/Pa*s或者1.007*10-6ν/m2s-1 力单位换算 牛顿，N 千克力，kgf 达因，dyn 51 0.102 10 59.80665 1 9.80665×10 -5-610 1.02×10 1 压力单位换算 帕斯卡 大气压 毫米水柱 标准大气压 毫米汞柱 2Pa kgf/cm mmHO atm mmHg 2 -5-51 1.02×10 0.102 0.99×10 0.0075 498067 1 10 0.9678 735.6 -49.807 0.0001 1 0.9678×10 0.0736 101325 1.033 10332 1 760 133.32 0.00036 13.6 0.00132 1 ; -2251Pa=1N?m，1工程大气压=1kgf/cm1mmHg=1Torr，标准大气压即物理大气压;1bar=10 -2N?m 甘汞电极的电极电势与温度的关系 甘汞电极* /V -4-62-103SCE 0.2412-6.61×10(t-25)-1.75×10(t-25)-9×10(t-25) -4-62-93NCE 0.2801-2.75×10(t-25)-2.50×10(t-25)-4×10(t-25) -5-620.1NCE 0.3337-8.75×10(t-25)-3×10(t-25) 常用参比电极的电势与温度系数 -1名称 体系 E/V* (dE/dT)/mV?K +氢电极 Pt，H|H(a+=1) 0.0000 2H 饱和甘汞电极 Hg，HgCl|饱和KCl 0.2415 -0.761 22-1标准甘汞电极 Hg，HgCl|1mol?LKCl 0.2800 -0.275 22-1甘汞电极 Hg，HgCl|0.1mol?LKCl 0.3337 -0.875 22-1银-氯化银电极 Ag，AgCl|0.1mol?LKCl 0.290 -0.3 -1氧化汞电极 Hg，HgO|0.1mol?LKOH 0.165 -1硫酸亚汞电极 Hg，HgSO|1mol?LHSO 0.6758 2424 硫酸铜电极 Cu|饱和CuSO 0.316 -0.7 4 * 25?;相对于标准氢电极(NCE) 不同温度下水的饱和蒸汽压 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 t/? mmHg kPa mmHg kPa mmHg kPa mmHg kPa mmHg kPa 0 4.579 0.6105 4.647 0.6195 4.715 0.6286 4.785 0.6379 4.855 0.6473 1 4.926 0.6567 4.998 0.6663 5.070 0.6759 5.144 0.6858 5.219 0.6958 2 5.294 0.7058 5.370 0.7159 5.447 0.7262 5.525 0.7366 5.605 0.7473 3 5.685 0.7579 5.766 0.7687 5.848 0.7797 5.931 0.7907 6.015 0.8019 4 6.101 0.8134 6.187 0.8249 6.274 0.8365 6.363 0.8483 6.453 0.8603 5 6.543 0.8723 6.635 0.8846 6.728 0.8970 6.822 0.9095 6.917 0.9222 6 7.013 0.9350 7.111 0.9481 7.209 0.9611 7.309 0.9745 7.411 0.9880 7 7.513 1.0017 7.617 1.0155 7.722 1.0295 7.828 1.0436 7.936 1.0580 8 8.045 1.0726 8.155 1.0872 8.267 1.1022 8.380 1.1172 8.494 1.1324 9 8.609 1.1478 8.727 1.1635 8.845 1.1792 8.965 1.1952 9.086 1.2114 10 9.209 1.2278 9.333 1.2443 9.458 1.2610 9.585 1.2779 9.714 1.2951 11 9.844 1.3124 9.976 1.3300 10.109 1.3478 10.244 1.3658 10.380 1.3839 12 10.518 1.4023 10.658 1.4210 10.799 1.4397 10.941 1.4527 11.085 1.4779 13 11.231 1.4973 11.379 1.5171 11.528 1.5370 11.680 1.5572 11.833 1.5776 14 11.987 1.5981 12.144 1.6191 12.302 1.6401 12.462 1.6615 12.624 1.6831 15 12.788 1.7049 12.953 1.7269 13.121 1.7493 13.290 1.7718 13.461 1.7946 16 13.634 1.8177 13.809 1.8410 13.987 1.8648 14.166 1.8886 14.347 1.9128 17 14.530 1.9372 14.715 1.9618 14.903 1.9869 15.092 2.0121 15.284 2.0377 18 15.477 2.0634 15.673 2.0896 15.871 2.1160 16.071 2.1426 16.272 2.1694 19 16.477 2.1967 16.685 2.2245 16.894 2.2523 17.105 2.2805 17.319 2.3090 20 17.535 2.3378 17.753 2.3669 17.974 2.3963 18.197 2.4261 18.422 2.4561 21 18.650 2.4865 18.880 2.5171 19.113 2.5482 19.349 2.5796 19.587 2.6114 22 19.827 2.6434 20.070 2.6758 20.316 2.7068 20.565 2.7418 20.815 2.7751 23 21.068 2.8088 21.342 2.8430 21.583 2.8775 21.845 2.9124 22.110 2.9478 24 22.377 2.9833 22.648 3.0195 22.922 3.0560 23.198 3.0928 23.476 3.1299 25 23.756 3.1672 24.039 3.2049 24.326 3.2432 24.617 3.2820 24.912 3.3213 26 25.209 3.3609 25.509 3.4009 25.812 3.4413 26.117 3.4820 26.426 3.5232 27 26.739 3.5649 27.055 3.6070 27.374 3.6496 27.696 3.6925 28.021 3.7358 28 28.349 3.7795 28.680 3.8237 29.015 3.8683 29.354 3.9135 29.697 3.9593 29 30.043 4.0054 30.392 4.0519 30.745 4.0990 31.102 4.1466 31.461 4.1944 30 31.824 4.2428 32.191 4.2918 32.561 4.3411 32.934 4.3908 33.312 4.4412 31 33.695 4.4923 34.082 4.5439 34.471 4.5957 34.864 4.6481 35.261 4.7011 32 35.663 4.7547 36.068 4.8087 36.477 4.8632 36.891 4.9184 37.308 4.9740 33 37.729 5.0301 38.155 5.0869 38.584 5.1441 39.018 5.2020 39.457 5.2605 34 39.898 5.3193 40.344 5.3787 40.796 5.4390 41.251 5.4997 41.710 5.5609 35 42.175 5.6229 42.644 5.6854 43.117 5.7484 43.595 5.8122 44.078 5.8766 36 44.563 5.9412 45.054 6.0087 45.549 6.0727 46.050 6.1395 46.556 6.2069 37 47.067 6.2751 47.582 6.3437 48.102 6.4130 48.627 6.4830 49.157 6.5537 38 49.692 6.6250 50.231 6.6969 50.774 6.7693 51.323 6.8425 51.879 6.9166 39 52.442 6.9917 53.009 7.0673 53.580 7.1434 54.156 7.2202 54.737 7.2976 40 55.324 7.3759 55.91 7.451 56.51 7.534 57.11 7.614 57.72 7.695 KCl溶液的电导率 -1c/mol?L t/? 1.000** 0.1000 0.0200 0.0100 0 0.06541 0.00715 0.001521 0.000776 5 0.07414 0.00822 0.001752 0.000896 10 0.08319 0.00933 0.001994 0.001020 15 0.09252 0.01048 0.002243 0.001147 16 0.09441 0.01072 0.002294 0.001173 17 0.09631 0.01095 0.002345 0.001199 18 0.09822 0.01119 0.002397 0.001225 19 0.10014 0.01143 0.002449 0.001251 20 0.10207 0.01167 0.002501 0.001278 21 0.10400 0.01191 0.002553 0.001305 22 0.10594 0.01215 0.002606 0.001332 23 0.10789 0.01239 0.002659 0.001359 24 0.10984 0.01264 0.002712 0.001386 25 0.11180 0.01288 0.002765 0.001413 26 0.11377 0.01313 0.002819 0.001441 27 0.11574 0.01337 0.002873 0.001468 28 0.01362 0.002927 0.001496 29 0.01387 0.002981 0.001524 30 0.01412 0.003036 0.001552 35 0.01539 0.003312 36 0.01564 0.003368 -1 * 电导率单位S?cm** 在空气中称取74.56gKCl，溶于18?水中，稀释到1L， -1-3其浓度为1.000mol?L(密度1.0449g?cm)，再稀释得其他浓度溶液。 一些液体的蒸汽压 化 合 物 25?时蒸汽压 温度范围/? A B C 丙酮 CHO 230.05 7.02447 1161.0 224 36 苯 CH 95.18 6.90565 1211.033 220.790 66 溴 Br 226.32 6.83298 1133.0 228.0 2 甲醇 CHO 126.40 -20至140 7.87863 1473.11 230.0 4 甲苯 CH 28.45 6.95464 1344.80 219.482 78 醋酸 CHO 15.59 0至36 7.80307 1651.2 225 242 36至170 7.18807 1416.7 211 氯仿 CHCl 227.72 -30至150 6.90328 1163.03 227.4 3 四氯化碳 CCl 115.25 6.93390 1242.43 230.0 4 乙酸乙酯 CHO 94.29 -20至150 7.09808 1238.71 217.0 482 乙醇 CHO 56.31 8.04494 1554.3 222.65 26 乙醚 CHO 534.31 6.78574 994.195 220.0 410 乙酸甲酯 CHO 213.43 7.20211 1232.83 228.0 362 环己烷 CH -20至142 6.84498 1203.526 222.86 612 表中所列各化合物的蒸汽压可用下列方程式计算 lg p=A-B/(C+t) 式中A、B、C为三常数;p为化合物的蒸汽压(mmHg柱);t为摄氏温度。