2011年大学英语四级模拟测试一

2011年大学英语四级模拟测试一 Part I  Writing （30 minutes） Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Suitable Physical Exercise is Good to People. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below. 注意：此部分试在答题卡1上作答。 1. 适当的体育锻炼，能使人精力充沛。 2. 能使人减肥；增强血液循环。 3. 能使人的大脑可以适当地休息。 Suitable Physical Exercise is Good to People _________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________ Part II  Reading Comprehension （Skimming and Scanning）(15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C), and D). For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage. Some Careers with High Rates of Depression Some jobs are more depression-prone than others. Here are 10 fields (out of 21 major job categories) in which full-time workers are most likely to report an episode of major depression in a given year. But if you want to be a nurse (No. 4), it doesn’t mean you should pick another profession. “There are certain aspects of any job that can contribute to or exacerbate depression,” says Deborah Legge, PhD, a licensed mental health counselor in Buffalo. “Folks with the high-stress jobs have a greater chance of managing it if they take care of themselves and get the help they need.” Nursing home/child-care workers Personal-care providers top the list, with nearly 11% of people in this field reporting a bout of major depression. (The rate is 13% in the unemployed; 7% in the general population.) A typical day can include feeding, bathing, and caring for others who are “often incapable of expressing gratitude or appreciation…because they are too ill or too young or they just aren’t in the habit of it,” says Christopher Willard, clinical psychologist at Tufts University and author of Child’s Mind. “It is stressful, seeing people sick and not getting a lot of positive reinforcement.” Food service staff Ranking just below professional-care workers are the people who are serving the food at your favorite local digs. Wait staff often get low pay and can have exhausting jobs with numerous people telling them what to do each day. While 10% of workers in general reported an episode of major depression in the past year, almost 15% of women in this field did so. “This is often a very thankless job,” Legge says. “People can be really rude and there is a lot of physical exertion. When people are depressed, it is hard to have energy and motivation—when you have to be on, it is difficult.” Social workers It’s probably not a huge surprise to find social workers near the top of this list. Dealing with abused children or families on the brink of every imaginable crisis—combined with bureaucratic red tape—can make for a demanding, stressful job that’s often 24-7. “There can be a culture that says that to do a good job, you have to work really hard and often make sacrifices,” Willard says. “Because social workers work with people who are so needy, it can be hard to not sacrifice too much to the job. I see that happen a lot with social workers and other caring professions, and they get really burned out pretty quickly.” Health-care workers This includes doctors, nurses, therapists, and other professions that attract people who might end up giving a lot without saving a little for themselves. Health-care workers can have long, irregular hours and days in which other people’s lives are literally in their hands. In other words, the stress can be off  the charts. “Every day they are seeing sickness, trauma, and death and dealing with family members of patients,” Willard says. “It can shade one’s outlook on the whole that the world is a sadder place.” Artists, entertainers, writers These jobs can bring irregular paychecks, uncertain hours, and isolation. Creative people may also have higher rates of mood disorders; about 9% reported an episode of major depression in the previous year. In men, it’s the job category most likely to be associated with an episode of major depression (nearly 7% in full-time workers). “One thing I see a lot in entertainers and artists is bipolar illness,” says Legge. “There could be undiagnosed or untreated mood disorders in people who are artistic…. Depression is not uncommon to those who are drawn to work in the arts, and then the lifestyle contributes to it.” Teachers The demands on teachers seem to be constantly growing. Many work after school and then take work home. In many areas, they learn to do a lot with a little. “There are pressures from many different audiences — the kids, their parents, and the schools trying to meet standards, all (of which) have different demands,” Willard says. “This can make it difficult for teachers to do their thing and remember the reason they got started in the field.” Administrative support staff People in this field can suffer from a classic case of high demand, low control. They are on the front line, taking orders from all directions. But they are also at the bottom of the totem pole in terms of control and “everything filters down,” according to Legge. They can have unpredictable days and may not be acknowledged for all of the work that they do to make life easier for everyone else. Maintenance and grounds workers How would you like to be called on only when something goes wrong? That’s essentially what maintenance people deal with each day. They also have to work odd hours, seasonal or varied schedules, and frequent night shifts. They are often paid little for a tough job that can include cleaning up other people’s messes. “There is also higher turnover. In terms of co-workers, they are often isolated, and it can be dangerous work,” Willard says. Financial advisors and accountants Stress. Stress. Stress. Most people don’t like dealing with their own retirement savings. So can you imagine handling thousands or millions of dollars for other people? “There is so much responsibility for other people’s finances and no control of the market,” Legge says. “There is guilt involved, and when (clients) are losing money, they probably have people screaming at them with regularity.” Salespeople People who work in sales are No. 10 on the list, though there are a whole host of reasons why the job could contribute to depression. Many salespeople work on commission, meaning you never know exactly when your next paycheck is coming. They may travel, and have to spend time away from home, family, and friends. If they work independently, benefits may also be limited. “This uncertainty of income, tremendous pressure for results, and long hours” can make for a high-stress occupation, Legge says. 注意：此部分试题中1—7选择题部分请用2B铅笔涂到答题卡2上，8—10 题请在答题卡1上作答。 1. How many kinds of careers with high rates of depression are listed in this passage? A）8          B）9        C）10            D）11 2. For the nursing home/child-care workers, a typical day can include the following aspects except __________. A）feeding    B）bathing    C）caring for others  D）reading books 3. For the food service staff, the job is __________. A）exhausting  B）thankless  C）low-salaried    D）all of above 4. Health-care workers may think that the world is a sadder place because __________. A）every day they are seeing sickness, trauma, and death B）they have long hours and days on work C）their work time is irregular D）their work is thankless 5. The teachers are under pressures because there are growing demands from the following aspects except __________. A）the students  B）the students’ parents    C）the friends        D） the schools 6. According to the passage, what kind of work does the administrative support staff have? A）sad        B）exhausting          C）unpredictable      D） marvelous 7. Which of the following is NOT true for the maintenance and grounds workers? A）They are creative workers. B）They are often paid little for a tough job. C）In terms of co-workers, they are often isolated. D）It can be dangerous work. 8. Legge says, “One thing I see a lot in entertainers and artists is ________, there could be undiagnosed or untreated mood disorders in people who are artistic.” 9. When financial advisors and accountants are handling thousands or millions of dollars, there are so much _________ for other people’s finances and no control of the market. 10. The uncertainty of income, _________ for results, and long hours can make salespeople’s work a high-stress occupation.   Part III Listening Comprehension (35 minutes) Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. 注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。 11. A) Quit their jobs at the same time.            B) Establish a firm in collaboration. C) Enrich their poor knowledge in business.    D) Take an adventurous trip with their savings. 12. A) People should not idle away their life. B) People should have made greater achievement. C) People should avoid being killed unexpectedly. D) People should have taken things more seriously. 13. A) Time passes very quickly. B) The woman is wrong about the pick-up time. C) He doesn’t have anything to do. D) Before lunch is a great time to pick up the papers. 14. A) She has to work to support herself.         B) Her classes are not difficult. C) She goes to a full-time school.            D) She takes evening courses. 15. A) Jack survived the accident.                B) Jack saved all the other passengers. C) Jack had little damage done to his car.    D) Jack was the only victim of the accident. 16. A) Her mild temper.                    B) Her broad knowledge. C) Her teaching style.                    D) Her detailed answers. 17. A) It won’t come out until June 26. B) It hasn’t been returned by the borrower. C) It is not available unless it has been reserved. D) It was withdrawn from the shelf as a back issue. 18. A) Their healthy lifestyle.                    B) Their work environment. C) Their outgoing personality.              D) Their usual food and drink. Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard. 19. A) The rock-climbing training involves a lot of preparation. B) Rock-climbing is safe if you are experienced enough. C) The woman is not excited about the first class in rock-climbing. D) The speakers will take a climbing trip in the early spring when the ice breaks. 20. A) One is safe if he is very careful. B) Hi-tech safety equipment ensures one’s safety. C) A lot of people do rock-climbing and they are OK. D) There are no dangerous places nearby to do rock-climbing. 21. A) She can make a lot of friends. B) She can work more efficiently. C) She can learn mental discipline. D) She can get more familiar with the man. 22. A) He might join the class. B) He will join the class if the woman does. C) He still thinks it unworthy to join the class. D) He will tell the woman once he has made a decision. Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard. 23. A) It’s difficult to obtain happiness. B) Happiness is only a state of mind. C) Happiness is closely related to material life. D) People shouldn’t always ask what happiness is. 24. A) They have no dreams. B) They don’t feel being loved. C) They get used to what they have. D) They only cherish the material things. 25. A) Expensive ones.                        B) Cheap ones. C) Gifts made carefully.                    D) Gifts that won’t last. Section B Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. 注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。 Passage One Questions 26 to 29 are based on the passage you have just heard. 26. A) Pets’ value in medical research.            B) What pets bring to their owners. C) How pets help people calm down.        D) People’s opinions of keeping pets. 27. A) If he has a pet companion.                B) If he has less stress of work. C) If he often does mental calculation.        D) If he is taken care of by his family. 28. A) They have lower blood pressure.            B) They become more patient. C) They are in higher spirits.                 D) They are less nervous. 29. A) People with dogs did more exercise. B) Dogs lost the same weight as people did. C) Dogs liked exercise much more than people did. D) People without dogs found the program unhelpful. Passage Two Questions 30 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard. 30. A) Olivetti earned more in the 1960s than in the 1950s. B) By 1930 Olivetti produced 13,000 typewriters a year. C) Some of Olivetti’s 700 staff regularly visited customers in Italy. D) Olivetti set up offices in other countries from the very beginning. 31. A) Camillo Olivetti’s death.              B) Its slow progress. C) A period of financial problem.            D) Its agreements with other companies. 32. A) It produces the best typewriter in the world. B) It exports more typewriters than other computers. C) It designs the world’s first mainframe computer. D) It has five independent companies with its head office in Ivrea. Passage Three Questions 33 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard. 33. A) He never watched TV.                    B) He read what he had to. C) He found reading unbelievable.            D) He considered reading part of his life. 34. A) It helps him to realize his dream.        B) It opens up a wider world for him.