[整理版]现代大学英语精读课后答案夜莺与玫瑰

[整理版]现代大学英语精读课后答案夜莺与玫瑰 现代大学英语精读课后答 案 Lesson Four The Nightingale and the RoseLesson Four The Nightingale and the Rose I. Oral Work 1. Discuss the following: 1) The characters’ different attitudes towards love: (1) The Student’s (2) The Lizard’s, the Butterfly’s and the Daisy’s (3) The Nightingale’s 2) Is love better than life, as the Nightingale believed? Interview other students. Be prepared to summarize their ideas. II. Vocabulary 1. Practice using the rules of word formation. 1) Examine how the compound nouns from the text are formed. Work out their meanings. Add more words that are formed in the same way. sunbeam (para. 9) grass-plot (para.14) rose-tree (para. 14) sun-dial (para. 16) moonlight (para. 26) life-blood (para. 27) oak-tree (para. 31) bridegroom(para.39) 339) These compound nouns are formed by ____________+___________. 2) Examine how the word " sincerity" is formed. Find out the meaning of the noun suffix "-ty " with the help of a dictionary. sincerity: ______+ _______ 3) Turn the following adjectives into nouns ending with " -ty" or " -ity" and then vice versa. Add more words to the list. Adjective Noun able ________________________ active ________________________ available ________________________ certain ________________________ cruel ________________________ curious ________________________ relative ________________________ ________________________ stupidity ________________________ capability ________________________ creativity ________________________ humanity ________________________ responsibility ________________________ originality ________________________ possibility ________________________ probability ________________________ specialty ________________________ visibility ________________________ ________________________ 4) Complete the sentences with the words in the brackets in their noun forms. (1) The road to success is always under______________(construct) . (2) ______(creative) is finding new things or expressing old ideas in new ways. (3) High__________ (motivate) will always beat mere talent. (4) Winning organizations will be those that give individuals the chance to make a ________ (differ). (5) Hard work is the best ________ (invest) a man can make. (6) Learn to take risks and stretch beyond what you think your __________(capable). (7) Progress is the __________(active) of today and the assurance of tomorrow. (8) The Nazi war criminals were condemned for crimes against________(human). (9) _________(poor) is the root of all evils. (10) The more a man learns, the more he sees his _________ (ignorant). (11) Misfortune tests the ________ (sincere } of friends. (12) ___________(polite) costs nothing and gains everything. (13) ____________(curious) keeps us moving forward, exploring new ways and opening new doors. (14) Often those who make the worst use of their time are the first to complain about its ___________(short). 2. Give words or expressions with similar meanings. 10) to pluck 11) precisely 12) real 13) silly 14) to supervise 15) to tremble 16) to weep 17) wretched 1) to chill 2) dear (said of life) 3) delicate (said of color) 4) faint (said of voice) 5) to fling 6) great 7) to nip 8) pang 9) plot (said of land) 3. Complete the sentences with the expressions listed below in their proper forms. for want of in return something of a to be blind., (.blue, drunk ...) wjth to be fond of to press agaist to be compared to to linger on 1) The boy stumbled out of the room, ______________________sleep. 2) She _________her face ____________the window and saw that it had started to snow outside. 3)_________ something better to do, he decided to try gardening. 4) The government should respect people's citizen rights. And the people _______ should give the government their support. 5) In spite of the medicine, the pain _____ . 6) Our exports have increased by 20% ______ the same period of last year. 7) This young man __________ fixing things. He could fix almost everything. He was ____________jack-of-all-trades 8) _______ other industrial cities, this one is the least polluted. 9) ____________a better word, let's call this "backdoorism". 10) Lin Lin is more hardworking __________ many other officials. 11) Her face ___________ cold when she came back through the snowstorm. 4. Put the following into English. 1) 举行舞会 8)按下门铃 2)举行晚会 9)牺牲性命 3)举行记者招待会 10)掐去花蕾 4)埋葬宝物 11)穿透心脏 5)以手遮面 12)否认事实 6)摘下花朵 13)否认指控 7)付出代价 14)装满瓶子 5. Complete the sentences with the following phrasal verbs of “go” in their proper forms. to go b) to go on with to go up to go ahead to go on to go together go into n go over to go o to go through 1 ) Don't wait for me. You just ______________. 2) This time, we shouldn't let the chance_____________. 3) The light suddenly____________ when I was working on the computer the other day. 4) The visitors were surprised to see so many buildings___________ at the same time. 5) There is a grand opening ceremony ____________in the Workers' Stadium. 6) In spite of the opposition, he __________the plan. 7) I've ______ her paper. It is full of new ideas. 8) We didn't expect that the time taken for____________ the customs would be so long. 9) It is a long story. But I won't___________ the history of the matter. 10) The color of your hat should___________ that of your coat. This hat is brown, and your coat is red. These two colors just don't_______________. 6. Give the meanings of the underlined parts in the sentences below. Note how the meanings are different in different contexts. 1) The speaker cleared his throat before he started to talk. 2) Suddenly the rain stopped and the sky cleared. We were all overjoyed. 3) Why don't you go out for a walk to clear your head? 4) I'd like to clear my debts as quickly as possible. I don't like owing people money. 5) I'm still not quite clear about the cause of international terrorism. 6) Each prisoner was locked in a small cell. 7) Human brains have more than 100 million cells per cubic centimetre (每 立方厘米). 8) Attention, please. Passengers for Shanghai are now boarding on Platform 5. 9) Mary is Party B's representative on the Board of Directors. 10) I pay $350 a month for board and lodging. 11) The boards on the floor are in need of repair. 7. Give the sentence patterns of the underlined parts in the sentences below, and then using the patterns, rewrite the sentences that follow. "Give me a red rose, " she cried, "and I will sing you my sweetest song. " (para. 14) "Press closer, little Nightingale, " cried the Tree, "or the Day will come before the rose is finished. " (para. 37) Sentence patterns: 1) If you read Lu Xun, your mind will include a piece of Lu Xun's. 2) If you drink tomato juice for some time, you will not be afraid of seeing blood. 3) If you rest for a while, your headache will be gone. 4) If you give Jimmy too much money, he will develop some bad habit. 5) If you don't improve the quality of your product, you will lose your market. 6) If you don't punish these people severely, illegal trade in wild life will never stop. 7) If you don't take this opportunity, you will live to regret it. 8) If we don’t stop polluting our rivers and lakes immediately, we will be in deep trouble. 8. Put in the missing words. Music has traditionally been a recreational activity. It has recently become part of our everyday (1) __________ , including our work. It is not easily (2)__________ but it is everywhere. Its influence is very small (3) _______ measurable. Whether in restaurants, shopping centers (4) ________ assembly lines—even farms—background or mood music can be (5) _______ almost anywhere in the United States from hushed executive offices (6) _________ noisy loading yard. One hand tool manufacturing (7) ____________ found that efficiency increased (8 )__________4. 5 % with the introduction of background music. A California fanner discovered that such music (9) ________ nervous cattle and prevented stampedes (马群或牛群受惊奔跑) that (10) ________ to cause thousands of (11) __________ in damage. The type of music (12) to have an impact. Department stores play (13)_______ music during the week to encourage (14) ? ____ but speed up the beat on (15)______ when the crowds are heavier. "The music is basically designed not to (16)_______ listened to," says one background music man, "but to (17)_______ a favorable mood or build a tempo to work (18) ________. " III. Grammar 1. Combine each pair of the sentences as shown in the example. Example: The Teahouse is a good play. I've never seen a better Chinese play before. — The Teahouse is the best Chinese play I've ever seen. 1 ) Xiao Fang is a smart girl. I've never known a smarter girl. 2) This is a fantastic story. I've never heard a more fantastic story. 3) 15, 000 yuan is the lowest price. We can't offer anything lower than that for this laptop 4) Pearl Harbor is a very good film. I have not seen a better American film for quite a while. 5) Lin is an easy-going professor. I've never met a more easy-going professor. 6) There was a terrible storm last night. I can't remember a worse one. 7) Dialogue on CCTV is a thought-provoking talk show. I think it is better than any other talk shows CCTV offers. 8) Mr. Cui is a witty talk show host. I don’t think you can find any wittier talk show host at the moment. 9) In the 1930s, nursing and teaching were very good jobs for capable women. They could dream of no better jobs. 10) These are delicious Korean noodles. We haven't had such good noodles for a long time. 2. Complete the sentences by translating the -Chinese in the brackets Into English, using "all/everything etc. +a relative clause". 1) (医生作了最大努力) to save the injured miners. 2) Much as I respect the professor, __(我并不总是同意他说的一切). 3) Some parents can't say no to their children and never deny them _______________________ (他们所要的任何东西). 4) (他一个星期辛勤劳动所得) was only a sack of rotten rice. 5) (他妻子信里所写的) is one word: forgiven. 6) (医生说的话没有一句 ) could shake her belief that though her son was physically crippled he was not mentally so. 7) Well take seriously _______ _ (你所提出的任何建议). 8) (他在一本通俗杂志中读到的一些东西) aroused his interest in folk medicine. 9) (能做到的都已经做了), but the patient has shown no sign of improvement. 10) (这位艺术家所画的任何作品) was eagerly sought after. 11) Each human being is born as something new, (一种以前不存在的东西). 3. Put in the blanks proper modals listed below.____________________ can/can't | may (not) j might (not) | must/mustn't | have to (1) In this mountain village there are still adults who____ .. read and write. (2) As a teacher, you _______ mind what you say before the children. (3) Public servants _______ take advantage of their position for their personal interests. (4) As the eldest son of a poor family, I _______ help support the family, and _____ start work at 15 when my father was out of a job. (5) Once Galileo said, "You _______ teach a man anything. You ____ only help him discover it within himself. " (6) —________ I have another ice cream? —No, you _______. You've had two. Too much ice cream _______ upset your stomach. (7) —What ____.... I do? My passport's stolen. —I think you _______ tell the local police about it immediately. (8) —I badly need a copy of yesterday's China Daily. Where do you think I _______ get one? —Why don't you go to the post office? I saw quite a few there just an hour ago. There _______ still be some. (9) —Do you think the director ______? still be in his office? I've got something that I _______ report to him without delay. —He _______ be there at this hour. And his car isn't where he usually parks it. (10) —Someone's fixed our computer. Who do you think it _______ be? — It____________ be Xiao Lu. He's the expert in the department. But It _______ be somebody else. Many people have offered to help. (11) —I'm afraid I _________be going now. It's getting late. —_________ you stay a little longer? —I'd like to. But I __________catch the last bus. —I won't keep you then. —Good night. It's been a pleasure. 4. Put in proper prepositions. 1) He got to know his wife _____ a Marriage Bureau. 2)1 don't think it's proper to discuss such important matters _______the telephone. 3) People may not know that sometimes they act _____ their father or mother. 4) _____ a hardened businessman he never admits that sometimes he wants to cry _____ a baby. 5) He slept _____ the concert and woke up only to find everybody gone. 6) ________ the past fifteen years the coastal town has grown _______ a prosperous port. 7) The bullet went _____ the wall and fell on the man's desk. 8) What he likes to do after a day in the office is to chat with a friend or two _____ a glass of wine. 9) Patting the family dog can help you to live longer, said Jim. _____a psychologist (心理学家), he believes that pet owners suffer less _____stress and high blood pressure than people _____ a cat or dog _____ the house. _____ part of a three-year study he brought groups of people together _____ their pets. He found that their blood pressure was much lower when they were alone _____ their pets than when they were left to talk ________ each other. 10) Many patients who don't want to tell their doctor how much they really drink are often more honest _____ a computer. The computer used _________ this purpose is programmed to be friendly. For example, if a patient called Ann says that both her parents are dead, the computer will say: "I'm sorry to hear that, Ann. " expressing sympathy, the computer can also question and remind. If a patient says he never drinks alcohol, the computer can ask him: "Never? Not even parties or __ Christmas?" Does this direct contact ______the patients and the computer mean that we do not need doctors any more? It depends. Computers are useful because they do not look shocked if you say you drink two bottles _____whisky a day. And they do not stop to talk ______ the phone as doctors often do. But as a doctor said: "We smile and we give a patient a handkerchief or put an arm _____ her shoulder if she is crying. That is why people will always want us.” 5. Identify and correct the mistake in each of the sentences. 1) Something which a witness said during the trial has been bothering me. 2) Many parents mistakenly believe that the more toys children have, they will be more creative. 3) A house without a book is as a room without a window. 4) He was very glad to see his old friend that tears ran down his cheeks. 5) People believe that tomorrow's car will be bigger, faster, and more comfortable as before. 6) Both on land and sea, helicopters (直升飞机) have rescued many people. 7) Jim is intelligent, but not as hard-working like his sister. 8) The most humorous person whom I've ever met is my teacher of Chinese. 9)1 don't believe an old man of 80 could be so strong to knock down a door. 10) All those that the people want are lasting peace and social progress. IV. Written Work Describe how the Nightingale built a red rose out of music in about 150 words. Key to the Exercises II. Vocabulary I. Practice using the rules of word formation. 1) Examine how the compound nouns from the text are formed Work out their meanings. Add more words that are formed in the same way. These compound nouns are formed by noun+noun. 2) Examine how the word "sincerity" is formed. Find out the meaning of the noun suffix "-ty" with the help of a dictionary. sincerity; sincere + -ity The suffix "-ty", from French, is used to form abstract nouns that refer to the state of having a particular quality or sth. that has that quality. e. g. certain + -ty —? certainty Note: "-ity" is a variant form of "-ty". 3)Turn the following adjectives into nouns ending with "-ty" or "-ity" and then vice versa. Add more words to the list. Adjective Noun Adjective Noun able ability stupid stupidity active activity capable capability available availability creative creativity certain certainty human humanity cruel cruelty responsible responsibility curious curiosity original originality relative relativity possible possibility probable probability special specialty visible visibility 4) Complete the sentence with the words in the brackets in their noun forms. (1) construction (8) humanity (2) Creativity (9) Poverty (3) motivation (10) ignorance (4) difference (11) sincerity (5) investment (12) Politeness (6) capabilities (13) Curiosity (7) activity (14) shortness 2. Give words or expressions with similar meanings. 1) to freeze 10) to pick/to pull off 2) precious 11) exactly 3) soft 12) true/genuine/actual 4) low/soft/weak 13) foolish/stupid/unwise/dumb/brainless 5) to throw/to toss/to cast 14) to watch over/to look after/to control/to 6) big/gigantic/huge/large preside over/to manage/to direct/to guide 7) to cut/to cut short/to cut off/to destroy 15) to shake/to shiver/to quiver 8) ache/pain 16) to sob/to cry 9)area/field/patch/space/section/lot 17) miserable/unhappy/pitiful/unfortunate/ sorrowful/ broken-hearted 3. Complete the sentences with the expressions listed below in their proper forms . 1) blind with 2) pressed, against 3) For want of 4) in return 5) lingered on 6) compared to 7) was fond of, something of 8) Compared to 9) For want of 10) compared to 11) was blue with 4. Put the following into English. 1) to give/hold/have a ball 8) to press the doorbell 2) to give/hold/have/throw a party 9) to sacrifice/give/lay down one's life' 3) to give a press conference 10) to nip the buds 4) to bury the treasures 11) to pierce the heart 5) to bury/cover one's face in one's hands 12) to deny the fact 6) to pluck/pick the flowers 13) to deny the charge 7) to pay the price 14) to fill up the bottle 5. Complete the sentences with the following phrasal verbs of "go" in their proper forms. 1) go ahead 2) go by 3) went off 4) going up 5) going on 6) went on with 7) gone over 8) going through 9) go into 10) go with, go together 6. Give the meanings of the underlined parts in the sentences below. Note how the meanings are different in different contexts. 1) 清了清(嗓子) 7)细胞 2) 放晴了 8)登机 3)清醒清醒(头脑) 9)董事(委员)会 4)还清(债务) 10)伙食 5)清楚地 11)木板 6)牢房 7. Give the sentence patterns of the underlined parts in the sentences below, and then using the patterns, rewrite the sentences that follow. Sentence patterns: imperative + and + clause imperative + or + clause One possibility of the sentences; 1) Read Lu Xun and your mind will include a piece of his. 2) Drink tomato juice for some time and you will not be afraid of seeing blood. 3) Rest for a while and your headache will be gone. 4) Give Jimmy less money, or he will develop some bad habit. 5) Improve the quality of your product, or you will lose your market. 6) Punish these people severely, or illegal trade in wild life will never stop. 7) Take this opportunity, or you will live to regret it. 8) Stop polluting our rivers and lakes immediately, or we will be in deep trouble. 8. Put in the missing words. (1) lives (2) noticed (3) but (4) or (5) heard (6) to (7) plant (8) by (9) calmed (10) used (11) dollars (12) seems (13) slower (14) shopping (15) weekends (16) be (17) create (18) to III. Grammar 1. Combine each pair of the sentences as shown in the example. 1) Xiao Fang is the smartest girl I've ever known. 2) This is the most fantastic story I've ever heard. 3) 15,000 yuan is the lowest price we can offer for this laptop. 4) Pearl Harbor is the best American film I've seen for quite a while. 5) Lin is the most easy-going professor I've ever met. 6) The storm last night was the worst I can remember. 7) I think Dialogue is the most thought-provoking talk show CCTV offers. 8) I think Mr. Cui is the wittiest talk show host you can find at the moment. 9) In the 1930s, nursing and teaching were the best jobs capable women could dream of. 10) These are the most delicious noodles we've had since a long time ago. 2. Complete the sentences by translating the -Chinese in the brackets Into English, using "all/everything etc. +a relative clause". 1) The doctors did all they could 2) I don't always agree with everything he says 3) anything they ask for 4) All he got from a week of hard work 5) All that is written in his wife's letter 6) Nothing the doctors said 7) anything you suggest 8) Something he read in a popular magazine 9) All that can be done is done 10) Anything the artist painted 11) something that never existed before 3. Put in the blanks proper modals listed below. (1) can't (ability) (2) must (obligation) (3) mustn't (obligation) (4) must (obligation) , had to (necessity) (5) cannot (possibility), can (possibility) (6) May (permission), can't (permission), might (possibility) (7) can (possibility), must (obligation) (8) can/may (possibility), must (subject certainty) (9) might (possibility), have to (necessity), can't (possibility) (10) could (possibility), could (possibility), might (possibility) (11) must (necessity), can't (possibility), have to (necessity) Note: According to the Ox ford Advanced Learner's Dictionary, the 2000 edition, there isn't much difference between "must" and "have to" in American English. The latter is more common, especially in speech. In British English there is a difference between them. "Must" is used to talk about what the speaker or listener wants, and "have (got) to" about rules, laws and other people's wishes. There are no past or future forms of "must". 4. Put in proper prepositions. 1) through 2) over 3) like 4) As, like 5) through 6) Over/In/During, into 7) through 8) over 9) As, from, without, around. As, with, with, to 10) with, for, Besides/Apart from, at, at, between, of, on round/around 5. Identify and correct the mistake in each of the sentences. 1) Something (that) a witness said during the trial has been bothering me. 2) Many parents mistakenly believe that the more toys children have, the more creative they will be. 3) A house without a book is like a room without a window. 4) He was 50 glad to see his old friend that tears ran down his cheeks. 5) People believe that tomorrow's car will be bigger, faster, and more comfortable than before. 6) Both on land and at sea, helicopters have rescued many people. 7) Jim is intelligent, but not as hard-working as his sister. 8) The most humorous person (that) I've ever met is my teacher of Chinese. 9) I don't believe an old man of 80 could be so strong as to knock down a door. 10) All that the people want are lasting peace and social progress. IV. Written Work Describe how the Nightingale built a red rose out of music in about 150 words. Sample: When the moon rose, the Nightingale set her breast against the thorn of (he Rose-tree. She sang of the love between a boy and a girl and a white rose blossomed. The Tree urged the Nightingale to press closer against the thorn to finish the rose before dawn. The Nightingale did as she was told and the thorn went deeper. She sang of the passion in the soul of a man and a "woman and the rose turned pink. The Tree told the Nightingale to press still closer because the heart of the rose remained white. She obeyed. She sang of the love that was perfected by death but did not die in death. Throughout the night, the Nightingale sang. Her song grew louder and louder while her pain became bitter and bitter. Finally the thorn reached her heart and she died, but the rose was finished. It was red all over, petal and heart. (155 words)