大学英语四级翻译训练题集（可编辑）

大学英语四级翻译训练题集（可编辑） 大学英语四级翻译训练题集 The Beauty of Translation 1. 从文化看翻译 2. 翻译方法3. 四六级翻译A mind is a terrible thing to waste. 天才可贵， 岂容浪费。Loose lips, sink ships. 一言不慎，千帆尽沉。Grasp all, loose all. 样样都要，全都失掉。Seeing is believing. 眼见为实爱屋及乌Love me, fish how to swim. 留得青山在不怕没柴烧Where love my dog. 班门弄虎Teach there is life, there is hope. 五十步笑一百步The pot calls the kettle black. 英语和汉语是两种差异比较大的语言，英语重形合，汉语重意合。有人把英语 句子比喻为“树木丛生、干枝纠缠的树林”，脉络难析，主次难辨，而把汉语句 子比喻为“枝干分明的竹林”，脉络清晰，主次易辨。翻译时，根据表达习惯， 英语、汉语的句子结构有时需要进行相应的转换。大学英语四六级翻译From Chinese to English 翻译题目在四六级考试中占5% 。为中翻英题目2010 年 1月四级翻译题目评分原则及标准1. 整体结构和语言均正确，得1分。2. 结构 正确，但意思不确切或信息不全，得0.5 分。3. 整体意思正确但语言有错误， 得0.5 分，语言错误不累计扣分。4. 整体意思完全正确，即使结构正确也不得 分。5. 大小写或标点符号错误、明显属于笔误但不影响辨认的拼写错误，均不 扣分。87 题You would not have failed if you __________( 按照我的指令 去做) 1 分a. had followed my orders/instructions b. had done it according to my instructions 0.5 分a. follow/have followed my instructions b. do according to my directions c. had done what I told you 88 题Despite the hardship he encountered, Mark never_________ ( 放弃对知识的追求) 1 分 a. gave up pursuing knowledge b. abandoned his pursuit of knowledge c. gave up his desire to pursue knowledge 0.5 分a. gave up his persue/pursuitation of knowledge b. gave up his desire to learn knowledge 1. In the sports meeting, _______________ ( 他替换了那个受伤的运动员). Key: a. he substituted for the injured player b. he replaced with the injured player 3. It is time ________________ ( 有关当局采取适当的措施来解决交通问 题的时候了). Key: a. (that) the authorities concerned took proper steps to solve the traffic problems. b. (that) the authorities concerned should take proper measures to solve the traffic problems. How to get high scores in the examination? Please always remember: 六、分译与合译Men are too clever to let themselves be cheated by fashion designers. 男人们不会上时装设计者的当， 因为他们很聪明。(分译)We look forward to the day when the scientists can discover more secrets of the universe. 我们期待着科学家们能够发现更多 宇宙奥秘的那一天。(合译)2. I’ll never forget_________________ (第 一次和你见面). Key: meeting you for the first time forget to do 意 为“忘记做某事forget doing 表示“忘记做过某事”* * 唐玉凤大学外语教学 科研部oh, I want this. 这个不错哦～这是什么,感觉太妙了～中国，我来了～ From English to Chinese 英译汉是创造性地运用汉语把英语所表达的思想准确 而完整地重新表达出来的语言活动。汉语所要表达的是英语原文的内容, 即句子 或文章的意义, 而不是句子结构; (2) 在翻译过程中, 英语原文的内容要准确 而完整地重新表达出来,而不是将两种语言结构进行简单的转换。一、词类转换 法1)名词转副词2)副词转动词3)动词转名词4)名词转形容词二、正反转换 法三、省译法四、增译法五、语态转换六、分译与合译一、词类转换法?名词转 副词:The girl in the seat is studying the old man with interest. 座 位上的那个女孩正好奇地打量着那位老妇。?副词转动词:The real victory is not over one’s fellow runners but over one’s own body. 真正的胜利不 -dressed man, who 是胜过其他选手，而是胜过自己的体力。?动词转名词:A well looked and talked like an English, got into the train. 一位穿着考究、 外表、谈吐像英国人的人上了火车。?名词转形容词:Whatever happens, we are deeply convinced of the correctness of this new policy. 无论发生什么我 们都深信这一新政策是正确的。二、正反转换法英文中某些正面意义的词在译成 汉语时从反面来表达可使译文更符合汉语习惯，有时原文中反面意义的词从正面 表达会更有效、更通顺。Don’t stop writing. (反面表达)继续写。(正面 表达)It was not until the 18th century that man realized that the whole of the brain was involved in the workings of mind. (反面表达) 直到十 八世纪，人类才认识到，整个大脑都卷入了思想活动中。(正面表达)You will lose your chance if you delay your action. ( 正面表达) 如果迟迟不采取行动， 你就会坐失时机。(反面表达)三、省译法?主语的省略:Before you hand in your paper, you have to read it over and see if there is anything in it to be corrected and revised. (你)交卷前，(你)必须检查几遍，看有没有需要修 改的地方。2. 所有格代词的省略:She covered her face with her hands as if to protect her eyes. 她用(她的)手蒙住(她的)脸，好象要保护自己的眼 睛。3(虚词it 的省略:it 在句中作形式主语或形式宾语，起强调作用，汉译 时常常省略。It’s kind of you to help me. 你能帮我真是太好了。4(连系 动词be 的省略:She is only 15 years old. 她才15 岁。5(冠词的省略:A teacher should have patience in his work. 当老师的应当有耐心。6(连词 的省略:Promote physical culture and build up the people’s health. 发 展体育运动，增强人民体质。四、增译法增译法是在译文中增加一些原文中无其 形而有起义的词，目的是为了使译文意思完整而明确，更符合汉语表达习惯。? 增加量词:The students have their class in a bright classroom. 学生们 在一间明亮的教室里上课。?增加助词:At last my dream came true. 我的梦 想终于实现了。?增加概括词或表示名词复数的词:The problem was both psychological and physiological. 这个问题涉及心理和生理两个方面。?增 加表达不同时态的词:It is time to consider the environmental problems on a global scale. 现在应该从全球范围来考虑环境问题。5. 增加解释性文字: This plan with all its disadvantages is considered to be one of the best. 尽管有种种不周全之处，这个仍被认为是最佳之一。五、语态转换He was asked by the local government to set up an injury center at the hospital. 当地政府要求他在医院里创建一个创伤医疗中心。(被动?主动)*