炒茶出现焦味之后1

炒茶出现焦味之后1 当炒茶叶出现焦味之后 浙江省绍兴县杨汛桥中学 鲍文贤 摘要:一堂普通的社会综合实践活动课～学生采摘茶叶～在杀青之后～发生茶叶烘焦事件～经过几次反复终于成功炒制好茶叶。这个事件引发我的思考～最后演化成学生心理素质与思想素质的一场真正的考验。我们要承受挫折～面对挫折～善待挫折。挫折是人生的一笔财富～是我们事业成功的基石。实践出真知。 关键词:社会综合实践活动课、烘焦、挫折教育、实践出真知 一、事情的缘起 我们学校新教学楼北面有一座金檀山,占地面积12665.4平方米。她虽不以险奇闻名～不以高峻著称～不以壮观称雄。然而～她那清淳的风姿～独特的魅力～与深邃的历史文化底蕴～却在全县21所初级中学成为一颗耀眼的明星～一道亮丽的风景线。“岂必桃源境是仙～金檀形胜更超然。峰峦叠抱疑无路～曲径通幽别有天。”这些诗句～形象地描绘了金檀山独特的地理形势和奇特的人文景观。2007年起金檀山成为学生社会综合实践活动基地。学校根据季节变化适时的组织学生采摘茶叶、挖掘竹笋、施肥、除草、修建等社会综合实践活动～科学教师定期组织学生采集标本开展生物教学。2011年4月根据绍兴县教体局的“小三场”建设总体要求～学校决定把金檀山进一步改造成为由茶叶采制加工场、蔬菜种植场和竹园鸡养殖场为主组成的学生学农科技实践基地——金檀山农科园。以金檀山农科院为阵地～打造环境文化展现学校教育的无穷魅力～打造活动文化促进学校教育的全面发展。 那是2011年4月21日～由我指导初二,1,班和初二,2,班学生利用上午的社会综合实践活动课采摘茶叶～春风扑面～桃红柳绿～and actual case whether match; by is located land right nature; property status, whether has damage or quality problem; property using situation, rental or use; reference around similar property price, judge assessment value of rationality; whether exists property disputes, and seized, and freeze, and mortgage, and demolition, and transformation, limit situation. 2. to land right mortgage of, survey people should verified following information: land right card by contains Ming information (right people, and location, and nature, and term, and area,) and actual case whether match; land nature; land flat situation; ground buildings situation; reference around similar land price, judge assessment value of rationality; mortgage real whether has other mortgage right or notice registration established prior; whether exists property disputes, and seized, and freeze, and mortgage, limit situation. 3. other chattels, ownership, the value of the mortgage should be implemented, and whether factors such as easy handling. (C) pledge of collateral investigation procedures, investigators should enforce collateral value, convenience custody and disposition, pledge rights effective identification, registration, etc. (D) guarantee investigation to ensure that the procedures, the investigation shall, in accordance with the borrower's standards to investigate the guarantor evaluation assurance. 15th information audit survey people deal with borrowers and qualification provided by the guarantor, financial status, proof of identity, the authenticity of the data carefully reviewed, verified, rationality and effectiveness. Include: (a) the borrower data auditing 1. corporate clients should focus on assessing various types of licenses, certificates, financial reporting, powers of Attorney and other text and a real plea related information. 2. small business class customers also should focus on the review of the borrower to provide evidence of business, financial position and actual control of credit, property, and more 阳光明媚～正是采茶的好时机～学校的茶园里散发着一股淡淡的清香。那是一种令人心旷神怡地气味～那是一种让人闻了就会顿时消除一切疲劳的香味～那更是一种让人闻了一下就会清新一上午的气味。我给他们讲解了采摘茶叶几个要领:如不可紧捏芽叶～采摘要求嫩度均匀～长度一致～不采空心芽、病虫芽、紫芽～要求茶叶紧、直、绿、匀。学生们兴致很高～拎起竹篮、环保袋等采茶用品～很快就采摘1200多克茶叶。 制茶过程为:采青?杀青?揉捻?炒二青或烘焙?摊晾?复焙?精制?包装?(成品)。 sition and actual control of credit, property, and moreial poon. 2. small business class customers also should focus on the review of the borrower to provide evidence of business, financous types of licenses, certificates, financial reporting, powers of Attorney and other text and a real plea related informatig varierified, rationality and effectiveness. Include: (a) the borrower data auditing 1. corporate clients should focus on assessinlification provided by the guarantor, financial status, proof of identity, the authenticity of the data carefully reviewed, vnd quawer's standards to investigate the guarantor evaluation assurance. 15th information audit survey people deal with borrowers aration, etc. (D) guarantee investigation to ensure that the procedures, the investigation shall, in accordance with the borroegistinvestigators should enforce collateral value, convenience custody and disposition, pledge rights effective identification, r mortgage should be implemented, and whether factors such as easy handling. (C) pledge of collateral investigation procedures,f the er exists property disputes, and seized, and freeze, and mortgage, limit situation. 3. other chattels, ownership, the value osessment value of rationality; mortgage real whether has other mortgage right or notice registration established prior; whethdge asual case whether match; land nature; land flat situation; ground buildings situation; reference around similar land price, juformation: land right card by contains Ming information (right people, and location, and nature, and term, and area,) and acting ingage, and demolition, and transformation, limit situation. 2. to land right mortgage of, survey people should verified followlar property price, judge assessment value of rationality; whether exists property disputes, and seized, and freeze, and mortrty using situation, rental or use; reference around simiand actual case whether match; by is located land right nature; property status, whether has damage or quality problem; prope2 二、意外的烘焦 炒茶首先需要一个柴灶～这天下午二个男生便自告奋勇地去搬来干燥的树枝～点燃了炉灶的柴火。其他四位女生拿茶叶～系围巾～作准备工作。 据我们聘请的制茶师傅介绍说:又叫炒青或炒头青。在炒前将光而薄的锅洗净磨光～用茅柴对准锅脐烧至锅微变青色时(锅底温约75，90?)～用折叠的草纸或厚布做成的“油搭”涂上少许食用油～在锅内 ition small business class customers also should focus on the review of the borrower to provide evidence of business, financial poses of licenses, certificates, financial reporting, powers of Attorney and other text and a real plea related information. 2. us typ, rationality and effectiveness. Include: (a) the borrower data auditing 1. corporate clients should focus on assessing varioion provided by the guarantor, financial status, proof of identity, the authenticity of the data carefully reviewed, verifiedficatandards to investigate the guarantor evaluation assurance. 15th information audit survey people deal with borrowers and qualietc. (D) guarantee investigation to ensure that the procedures, the investigation shall, in accordance with the borrower's st ation,igators should enforce collateral value, convenience custody and disposition, pledge rights effective identification, registre should be implemented, and whether factors such as easy handling. (C) pledge of collateral investigation procedures, investortgagts property disputes, and seized, and freeze, and mortgage, limit situation. 3. other chattels, ownership, the value of the mt value of rationality; mortgage real whether has other mortgage right or notice registration established prior; whether exisessmene whether match; land nature; land flat situation; ground buildings situation; reference around similar land price, judge asson: land right card by contains Ming information (right people, and location, and nature, and term, and area,) and actual casormatind demolition, and transformation, limit situation. 2. to land right mortgage of, survey people should verified following infperty price, judge assessment value of rationality; whether exists property disputes, and seized, and freeze, and mortgage, arty using situation, rental or use; reference around similar proand actual case whether match; by is located land right nature; property status, whether has damage or quality problem; propeand actual control of credit, property, and more3 很匀薄地抹一下～使锅面光滑～然后倒入鲜叶约125，250克。即以一只手五指宜略并拢～手掌伸平直轻轻地把叶从锅底贴胸前的锅壁抓“带”上～当手抓茶叶离锅面约33厘米高时～随即五指分开～手心略向上倾斜～并抖动手～使茶叶很匀薄地撒入锅内。这时的手势要轻快～促使水分均匀散发～且不致于灼焦茶叶。接着将茶叶抖撒到锅中～一带一抖交替不断地进行着～使茶叶在锅内迅速往复炒动～约经过3，5分钟～叶萎软～变为深绿～随即降低温度至60?左右～经过一搭一抖～二搭一抖～三搭一抖等使茶叶初步成扁形～水分继续散发。接着将茶叶搭在手中～即沿着锅壁把2/3茶叶从手掌两侧放回锅中～留1/3在手中重搭～通过搭、甩～使手内与锅中茶叶都得到不断地交换而受到搭压的作用。等茶叶约有六成干时～要五指并拢～手压住茶叶向锅四周绕圈而在锅中心搭起～这样捺荡结合炒5，6分钟～茶叶已有八成干时～即起锅回潮。 女生陈丹梅戴上手套～手一翻一转～有点专业范儿。可是不到几分钟锅里就散出来阵阵焦味。大家赶紧把茶叶“抢救”出来～可这时的茶叶面目全非了。我们请教制茶师傅～为什么茶叶会出现焦味。他说炒茶时不仅要注意手的姿势、速度～还要注意炉堂火候的大小与温度的高低。我与学生们一起分析了制茶失败原因～同时要求上网查询～掌握制茶技术～决定明天再去采摘～再炒制茶叶～一定要成功 第二天4月22日～我和学生们又上金檀山采摘好茶叶。初二,1,班男生陈晓杰负责烧火～因为拿来的柴火比较多～就接连不断的向炉子里面放入柴火～那炉子就越来越旺～炒茶的唐潇潇也感觉有点烫了～ erified, rationality and effectiveness. Include: (a) the borrower data auditing 1. corporate clients should focus on assessinlification provided by the guarantor, financial status, proof of identity, the authenticity of the data carefully reviewed, vnd quawer's standards to investigate the guarantor evaluation assurance. 15th information audit survey people deal with borrowers aration, etc. (D) guarantee investigation to ensure that the procedures, the investigation shall, in accordance with the borroegistinvestigators should enforce collateral value, convenience custody and disposition, pledge rights effective identification, r mortgage should be implemented, and whether factors such as easy handling. (C) pledge of collateral investigation procedures,f the er exists property disputes, and seized, and freeze, and mortgage, limit situation. 3. other chattels, ownership, the value osessment value of rationality; mortgage real whether has other mortgage right or notice registration established prior; whethdge asual case whether match; land nature; land flat situation; ground buildings situation; reference around similar land price, juformation: land right card by contains Ming information (right people, and location, and nature, and term, and area,) and acting ingage, and demolition, and transformation, limit situation. 2. to land right mortgage of, survey people should verified followlar property price, judge assessment value of rationality; whether exists property disputes, and seized, and freeze, and mortrty using situation, rental or use; reference around simiand actual case whether match; by is located land right nature; property status, whether has damage or quality problem; propesition and actual control of credit, property, and moreial poon. 2. small business class customers also should focus on the review of the borrower to provide evidence of business, financous types of licenses, certificates, financial reporting, powers of Attorney and other text and a real plea related informatig vari4 汗水不时从脸上淌下来。对陈晓杰说～火要小点～快把柴火从炉子里拿出来～可是女生徐铃琪说上次就看见家里奶奶炒茶叶时火是非常大的哦～就继续向炉子里放柴火了～火越来越大～这时的茶叶就变得很黑很黑了～完完全全变成了炭黑装状～轻轻一碰就碎了～大家的辛勤劳动成果化为乌有～真是惨不忍睹啊。第二次炒茶再次宣告失败。这时的学生们垂头丧气～无精打采的～大家闷闷不乐～我安慰了他们几句～说失败是成功之母～要经得起人生的挫折。孟子说得好:“故天将降大任于斯人也～必先苦其心志～劳其筋骨～饿其体肤～空乏其身～行拂乱其所为～所以动心忍性～增益其所不能。”然后我与学生们仔细分析了茶叶炒焦的原因～尽管制茶师傅讲得很详细～可大家没有掌握要领～大家感到炒茶的柴火的温度要恰到好处～原来炒制茶叶是大有学问的啊。 第三天～4月23日～虽然是星期六休息日～但许多学生早早来到校园的金檀山～瞧啊:学生们一个个探头探脑～专心致志地寻找着茶树丛中的几片嫩芽～这大眼睛都直直地盯着茶树～半点不分神。他们为了采茶～用自己的双手拔掉缠绕的藤蔓～手都被勒出一道道红痕～但他们丝毫不介意～接着热情高涨地采茶～这专注度令我叹服～看来学生们的心情不错啊。不到2个小时～茶叶采摘完成。在简单休息之后～就开始炒制茶叶。 这次我们聘请的制茶师傅亲自到现场来作指导与示范～他说炒茶时做到手不离茶～茶不离锅～揉中带炒～炒中有揉～炒揉结合。同时一定要注意柴火的温度～要用中火然后慢慢至只靠一点点炭火余温维 and actual control of credit, property, and moreition small business class customers also should focus on the review of the borrower to provide evidence of business, financial poses of licenses, certificates, financial reporting, powers of Attorney and other text and a real plea related information. 2. us typ, rationality and effectiveness. Include: (a) the borrower data auditing 1. corporate clients should focus on assessing varioion provided by the guarantor, financial status, proof of identity, the authenticity of the data carefully reviewed, verifiedficatandards to investigate the guarantor evaluation assurance. 15th information audit survey people deal with borrowers and qualietc. (D) guarantee investigation to ensure that the procedures, the investigation shall, in accordance with the borrower's st ation,igators should enforce collateral value, convenience custody and disposition, pledge rights effective identification, registre should be implemented, and whether factors such as easy handling. (C) pledge of collateral investigation procedures, investortgagts property disputes, and seized, and freeze, and mortgage, limit situation. 3. other chattels, ownership, the value of the mt value of rationality; mortgage real whether has other mortgage right or notice registration established prior; whether exisessmene whether match; land nature; land flat situation; ground buildings situation; reference around similar land price, judge asson: land right card by contains Ming information (right people, and location, and nature, and term, and area,) and actual casormatind demolition, and transformation, limit situation. 2. to land right mortgage of, survey people should verified following infperty price, judge assessment value of rationality; whether exists property disputes, and seized, and freeze, and mortgage, arty using situation, rental or use; reference around similar proand actual case whether match; by is located land right nature; property status, whether has damage or quality problem; prope5 持。接着学生们轮流上阵～大家炒制茶叶起来。特别是唐潇潇同学用手在锅中旋转炒拌～叶子跟着旋转翻动～转得快～用力匀～那姿势那动作～很有名师大家的风范。这一次我们终于成功了。 在接下来的茶叶加工过程中～我们吃一堑长一智～更加小心翼翼～虽也有反复～经过揉捻、炒二青、烘焙、摊晾、复焙等程序～绿茶制作终于完成。 三、我们的 社会综合实践活动课程的特征之一是开放性～所以它没有固定的学习场所和固定的教材。但作为一门研究性课程～教师作为活动的组织者、引导者、参与者～更应注意把握活动的方向～适时的构建课程～及时地调整活动的进程～应当拓宽课堂和学校的空间和途径。综合实践活动的实施不能仅仅局限在课堂中进行～更要引导学生向校外延伸、向社区拓展～优化组合学校课程资源和社会课程资源。 据南宋《嘉泰会稽志》记载～位于我们学校金檀山的南坡曾建有普安寺～相传明朝开国皇帝朱元璋手下大臣刘伯温曾到过此山。近几 on. 2. small business class customers also should focus on the review of the borrower to provide evidence of business, financous types of licenses, certificates, financial reporting, powers of Attorney and other text and a real plea related informatig varierified, rationality and effectiveness. Include: (a) the borrower data auditing 1. corporate clients should focus on assessinlification provided by the guarantor, financial status, proof of identity, the authenticity of the data carefully reviewed, vnd quawer's standards to investigate the guarantor evaluation assurance. 15th information audit survey people deal with borrowers aration, etc. (D) guarantee investigation to ensure that the procedures, the investigation shall, in accordance with the borroegistinvestigators should enforce collateral value, convenience custody and disposition, pledge rights effective identification, r mortgage should be implemented, and whether factors such as easy handling. (C) pledge of collateral investigation procedures,f the er exists property disputes, and seized, and freeze, and mortgage, limit situation. 3. other chattels, ownership, the value osessment value of rationality; mortgage real whether has other mortgage right or notice registration established prior; whethdge asual case whether match; land nature; land flat situation; ground buildings situation; reference around similar land price, juformation: land right card by contains Ming information (right people, and location, and nature, and term, and area,) and acting ingage, and demolition, and transformation, limit situation. 2. to land right mortgage of, survey people should verified followlar property price, judge assessment value of rationality; whether exists property disputes, and seized, and freeze, and mortrty using situation, rental or use; reference around simiand actual case whether match; by is located land right nature; property status, whether has damage or quality problem; propesition and actual control of credit, property, and moreial po6 年来～学校投入10多万元全面改造了金檀山～山上开辟了茶树林、紫薇林、翠竹林、桂花林～修台阶～并种植成批花草树木～在山腰建有知新亭一座。我们研究和充分挖掘了校园金檀山这一独特的历史文化、自然条件等方面的课程资源～让学生采摘炒制茶叶～真正从课堂向课外延伸～在活动中成长～在成长中感悟～在感悟中提高～有利于学生的健康成长～走出了一条社会综合实践活动课程资源“校本化”之路。 es of licenses, certificates, financial reporting, powers of Attorney and other text and a real plea related information. 2. us typ, rationality and effectiveness. Include: (a) the borrower data auditing 1. corporate clients should focus on assessing varioion provided by the guarantor, financial status, proof of identity, the authenticity of the data carefully reviewed, verifiedficatandards to investigate the guarantor evaluation assurance. 15th information audit survey people deal with borrowers and qualietc. (D) guarantee investigation to ensure that the procedures, the investigation shall, in accordance with the borrower's st ation,igators should enforce collateral value, convenience custody and disposition, pledge rights effective identification, registre should be implemented, and whether factors such as easy handling. (C) pledge of collateral investigation procedures, investortgagts property disputes, and seized, and freeze, and mortgage, limit situation. 3. other chattels, ownership, the value of the mt value of rationality; mortgage real whether has other mortgage right or notice registration established prior; whether exisessmene whether match; land nature; land flat situation; ground buildings situation; reference around similar land price, judge asson: land right card by contains Ming information (right people, and location, and nature, and term, and area,) and actual casormatind demolition, and transformation, limit situation. 2. to land right mortgage of, survey people should verified following infperty price, judge assessment value of rationality; whether exists property disputes, and seized, and freeze, and mortgage, arty using situation, rental or use; reference around similar proand actual case whether match; by is located land right nature; property status, whether has damage or quality problem; propeand actual control of credit, property, and moreition small business class customers also should focus on the review of the borrower to provide evidence of business, financial pos7 四、我们的收获 在现实中～每一个人的生活道路都不可能是一条笔直、宽阔、平坦的大道～总是布满坎坷与荆棘。坎坷在每个人的生活中都存在着～只不过或大或小罢了～我们要承受挫折。炒制茶叶的几次失利～让学生在严酷的现实中承受失败和挫折～同时需要我们教师真正的关心学生～爱护学生～实践出真知。失败挫折虽然让人痛苦～但经受挫折失败～可以增加人生的“财富”～磨难的同时也是磨练。没有经过挫折的人生是不可能走向辉煌与成功的。 需要指出的是现在的学生都是独生子女～家庭条件优裕～个个都是父母的“手中宝、心头肉”～在家里都是倍受宠爱～“饭来张口～衣来伸手”～几乎没有经过什么生活的磨难～一遇到小小的挫折～就会惊慌失措～不堪打击。 挫折～就像一把“双刃剑”～面对它～懦者就会倒下～勇者走向新生。人的生命似激流奔泻～不遇上暗礁险滩～难以激起美丽的浪花。迎接挑战、战胜困难的过程本身就会使勇敢者获得幸福。一帆风顺中 sition and actual control of credit, property, and moreial poon. 2. small business class customers also should focus on the review of the borrower to provide evidence of business, financous types of licenses, certificates, financial reporting, powers of Attorney and other text and a real plea related informatig varierified, rationality and effectiveness. Include: (a) the borrower data auditing 1. corporate clients should focus on assessinlification provided by the guarantor, financial status, proof of identity, the authenticity of the data carefully reviewed, vnd quawer's standards to investigate the guarantor evaluation assurance. 15th information audit survey people deal with borrowers aration, etc. (D) guarantee investigation to ensure that the procedures, the investigation shall, in accordance with the borroegistinvestigators should enforce collateral value, convenience custody and disposition, pledge rights effective identification, r mortgage should be implemented, and whether factors such as easy handling. (C) pledge of collateral investigation procedures,f the er exists property disputes, and seized, and freeze, and mortgage, limit situation. 3. other chattels, ownership, the value osessment value of rationality; mortgage real whether has other mortgage right or notice registration established prior; whethdge asual case whether match; land nature; land flat situation; ground buildings situation; reference around similar land price, juformation: land right card by contains Ming information (right people, and location, and nature, and term, and area,) and acting ingage, and demolition, and transformation, limit situation. 2. to land right mortgage of, survey people should verified followlar property price, judge assessment value of rationality; whether exists property disputes, and seized, and freeze, and mortrty using situation, rental or use; reference around simiand actual case whether match; by is located land right nature; property status, whether has damage or quality problem; prope8 长大的孩子～很难创造出生命的辉煌。巴尔扎克说得好:“挫折对于天才是一块垫脚石～对于能干的人是一笔财富～对于弱者是一个万丈深渊:”司马迁在《报任安书》就这样写道:“盖西伯拘而演《周易》,仲尼厄而作《春秋》,屈原放逐～乃赋《离骚》,左丘失明～厥有《国语》,孙子膑脚～《兵法》修列,不韦迁蜀～世传《吕览》,韩非囚秦～《说难》、《孤愤》,《诗》三百篇～大氐圣贤发愤之所为作也。”同样的挫折～不同的人～不同的心态下往往会有不同的结果。 我们要让学生正确认识挫折～接受挫折教育～做生活中的强者。人生的道路上～有平坦大道～也有险峻的高山,有缓缓的小溪～也有汹涌的江河,有灿烂的阳光～也有风雨雷霆。只有那些勇敢者才能自豪地跋山涉水～顶风冒雪～披荆斩棘～达到人生的目的地。 us typ, rationality and effectiveness. Include: (a) the borrower data auditing 1. corporate clients should focus on assessing varioion provided by the guarantor, financial status, proof of identity, the authenticity of the data carefully reviewed, verifiedficatandards to investigate the guarantor evaluation assurance. 15th information audit survey people deal with borrowers and qualietc. (D) guarantee investigation to ensure that the procedures, the investigation shall, in accordance with the borrower's st ation,igators should enforce collateral value, convenience custody and disposition, pledge rights effective identification, registre should be implemented, and whether factors such as easy handling. (C) pledge of collateral investigation procedures, investortgagts property disputes, and seized, and freeze, and mortgage, limit situation. 3. other chattels, ownership, the value of the mt value of rationality; mortgage real whether has other mortgage right or notice registration established prior; whether exisessmene whether match; land nature; land flat situation; ground buildings situation; reference around similar land price, judge asson: land right card by contains Ming information (right people, and location, and nature, and term, and area,) and actual casormatind demolition, and transformation, limit situation. 2. to land right mortgage of, survey people should verified following infperty price, judge assessment value of rationality; whether exists property disputes, and seized, and freeze, and mortgage, arty using situation, rental or use; reference around similar proand actual case whether match; by is located land right nature; property status, whether has damage or quality problem; propeand actual control of credit, property, and moreition small business class customers also should focus on the review of the borrower to provide evidence of business, financial poses of licenses, certificates, financial reporting, powers of Attorney and other text and a real plea related information. 2. 9