研究生基础英语(毛大威)unit1-11

研究生基础英语(毛大威) 课后Unit1-6 ※- - - - - - 单词词组互译- - - - - - - -※英译汉 Unit1 communication satellite 通讯卫星 mobile telephony 移动通讯 intelligent robot 智能机器人 clone 克隆 telecommunications 远程通讯 Unit2 stock holder 股东 taxing authority 税务机关 charitable organization 慈善机构 nonprofit firm 非盈利公司 sales forecast 销售预测 economic forecast 经济预测 Unit3 tourist resort旅游胜地 landscape scenery 山水风光 virgin forest 原始森林 hitchhiking 沿途免费搭乘他人便车旅行outdoor adventures户外冒险活动 a camper 野营者 Unit4 antibiotic 抗生素 gene 基因 El Nino 厄尔尼塔 marine 海产的,海运的;舰队,海运业 vitamin 维生素 Unit5 humility 谦逊 endeavor n & v 努力,尝试 sincerity 真诚真挚 patriotism 爱国主义 faith 信仰,信念 divine 神圣的,非凡的,崇高的 reconcile 调和,和解 self-observation 自我审视 Unit6 ethics class 道德教育课 computer-aided cheating 利用计算机作弊failing grade 不及格 plagiarism 剽窃 mandatory penalty 强制惩罚 junk email harassment 垃圾邮件骚扰 汉译英 Unit1 文学literature 科幻小说science fiction 空间旅行space traveling 外星人 alien 人类社会 human society 高技术 high-technology 信息时代information age 信息产业information industry Unit2 管理 management 协调 coordinate 运作operate 人力资源 human resources 经费 funds 决策make decisions 政府部门governmental agencies 金融机构financial institution Unit3 远足hike 兜风go for a ride 观光sight-seeing 探险explore, exploration 交游go outing 滑雪 skiing 冲浪surfing 睡袋sleeping bag 导游图 tourist map 夏令营summer camp Unit4 羊羔lamb 山羊goat 猪崽piglet 奶牛cow 牛犊calf 家禽fowl 哺乳动物mammal 家畜 domestic animals Unit5 善意goodwill, good intentions 高尚noble 成就achievement, success, accomplishment 抱负ambition, aspiration 原则principle 奉献dedicate 平等equality Unit6 忠诚sincerity, loyalty, faithfulness 抄袭 copy / plagriarise 作弊 cheating 道德准则 ethics 校行政人员 school officials 开除 explusion 学年 school year 读书 book report 校园社区服务 on-compus community sevice ※- - - - - -单词、时态填空- - - - - - - -※ Unit1 predict reveal dominate in search of play a major role in call for in reality speculation a wide range of respect 1、They got there in the late afternoon and went around in search of a place to stay. 2、The astronomers were questioned on a wide range of subjects from physics to psychology. 3、As people spend more time watching TV and reading the newspapers, the media plays a major role in influencing their opinions. 4、There was a strange silence about what was happening, but the details of the murder were finally revealed by the local paper. 5、After another round of negotiations, they finally signed a declaration calling for an immediate ceasefire. 6、Xiao Ling always seems so self-confident, but in reality she is extremely shy. 7、I have to admit that she is very nice as a hostess, but she dose tend to dominate the conversation. 8、Out of respect for the whishes of her family, the accident was not reported in the local media. 9、The company's expansion was predicted on the assumption that sales would rise. 10、Any suggestion of an imminent crash in stock market is pure speculation. Unit2 require acquire operate comprehend motivate maintain adapt to be certain access to coordinate component convert 1、As an excellent manager, he is very good at motivating his employees. 2、Their principal activities are to serve the French corporations operating abroad. 3、The two rival companies maintained close relations for ten years. 4、A large complex organization can be slow to adapt to changes. 5、The ability to use a language can be acquired only by the act of using the language. 6、A password is needed to get access to the computer system. 7、Good records are required for the preparation of complete and accurate tax documents. 8、They read the story, but only a few fully comprehended its meaning. 9、They converted the medieval castle into a beautiful theater. 10、The doctor was certain after examining his wounds that he could not possibly live. Unit3 accessible to push off at a rice a craving for negotiate accommodate unique consistently 1、Housing could be obtained at a price . 2、Medicine should not be kept where it is accessible to children. 3、Patrick is not sure whether he can negotiate the turn at the bottom. 4、The hungry beggar had a craving for food, any food left by the geests. 5、Let's push off early so that we'll get there before nightfall. 6、John and Armstrong maintain consistently a high standard. 7、Those foreign students are accommodated in Canadian homes near the campus for a three-week orientation program. 8、Each person's signature is unique and that will help us to find out if this document is a forgery. Unit4 clone donation donor transplant cattle recipient mammal initiate reverse at intervals light up 1、The cost of feeding fully grown cattle for a period of time can be significant 2、Nonsexual reproduction from a single parent is already possible and every clone produced in this way is absolutely identical to the parent. 3、Former students collected money for scholarship fund. We are very grateful to the donors for their generous donations. 4、Baby animals of mammals such as mice, cows and monkeys get milk from their mothers breasts. 5、We transplanted the small peach tree from the back of the house to the front because it did not get enough sunlight there. 6、Shall we recipients the order and put Z at the beginning of this dictionary? 7、The searchlight reverse the whole area. 8、The government lit up a large-scale campaign to eliminate illiteracy. 9、The initiated of Nobel Prize are honored at special ceremonies in Sweden and Norway. 10、Rain fell at irregular intervals throughout the night. Unit5 Jane was confined to bed due to illness for three months Many women lost their jobs during the economic depression The corrupting effects of complete power ruined many politicians Her first reaction to the news was a mixture of grief and comfort The journalist wrote an article in which police corruption was exposed to the full Shop assistants are asked to make every endeavor to provide the customer satisfaction he argued that the British legal system was derived from Roman law and has evolved into a complicated system The disease is spreading quickly in the city and people ,especially children and the aged ,are at risk The book gives readers a deeper insight into European culture The witness gave the police a full account of what had happened in the courtyard Unit6 dedicate…to tend to subject…to involve compared with doctoral attribution wise up 1. He has been depressed and his novel tends to be pessimistic. 2. The researchers subjected the material to all kinds of tests before they put it into use. 3. Today most parents think they should involve themselves in their children’s education, 4. He has run into some difficulties , but he knew that they were nothing compared with yours. 5. It was at Stanford University that Albert Marvell decided to dedicate his life to science. 6. From this initial dissatisfaction my own doctoral thesis developed. 7. It is regarded as a social norm that one should always remember to cite others’words with proper attribution. 8. Wise up Victoria, Jane is cheating you. She has never returned money to anyone she borrowed from. ※- - - - - -近义选词填空(两个词中选适合意思)- - - - - -※ Unit1 1. The students attended a class entitled “Beyond Tradition ”,in which they discussed the effect of technology on traditional culture 2. China has a vast territory and abundant resources .she is a large country with a long history and a rich cultural heritage 3. At the conference , the minister a accused the organization of sponsoring terrorism . 4. The research program is sponsored by a large computer company 5. The drop in student numbers added further complication to the situation 6. Now he was getting a lesson in the complexity of diesel engines 7. Being a member of Animal Adoration Society, she seems to think that animal rights should prevail over everything else 8. It was obvious that her husband completely dominated her. 9. As one of the leading candidates for the presidency, he still needs the help of his supporters to win the election 10. In most cases, investors are entitled to a reasonable return on their money Unit2 John did not follow the correct procedure in applying for the job The firm is now on the process of moving the machines to a new factory The scientists from the two medical schools are cooperating in the attempt to find a cure for the disease They appointed a new manager to coordinate the work of the team He set an objective for the new organization to provide free legal aid to the poor The main objection to program was that it would cost too much They used a new drug in the treatment that is effective against the cancer A successful manager needs an efficient secretary The installation of the new machinery has doubled the productivity of the factory The new training program made the workers highly productive Unit3 Since 1978, the amount of money available to buy books has fallen by 17% The building has been made accessible to disabled people She is constantly changing her mind He has consistently stood firm on the side of the oppressed people They convert an old stable into a little comfortable house Because the normal word order is reversed in passive in passive voice sentences, they are sometimes hard to follow If you enjoy outdoor activities, this is the trip for you I reckon it’s warm enough to eat outdoors this evening The Tibetan highland is a land of blue skies and warm sunshine She looked out over the rooftops and the open sky Unit4(选择题) Nobody can help but be fascinated by the world into which he is taken by science fiction He claimed to be an expert in astronomy , but in fact he is quite ignorant on the subject , what little he knows about it is out of date and inaccurate The managjng director refused to accept neither of the four proposals made by the contractors Professor Smith implied ,but did not directly say , that Americans are more concerned with making money than anything else There is every possibility of our winning the game There people spoke at the meeting ,one was a lawyer ,another a teacher ,and the third was a social worker I have been to the doctor’s about my backache , he says there is nothing serious ,but I must ile up for a few days The New York Times will soon carry colour advertisements; none of this will matter if newspapers eventually disappear We stood up , thinking through the possibilities ,There weren’t many Melton Brown was the only salon producing its own shampoos and hair-care products all based on herbal recipes Unit5 An aircraft carrier and nineteen warships left the naval base today for exercises at sea He returned to South Carolina in 1966 and established his own legal practice The kidnappers threatened to kill the hostages unless they received a ransom of $500,000 In his inaugural address Lincoln repeated that his government posed no threat to slavery in the states If they had negotiated a peace earlier they could have avoided this terrible , bloody war He flew nine special missions in that area in 2003 and has experience with biological warfare The object of the war to restore the Union ; but the cause of the war was slavery It took her three months to recover her spirits after that unexpected blow The newspaper aims to reflect the views of the middle class Their main purpose was to deflect attention from the opponents’ criticism Unit6 1. They knew that it is a criminal offense to sell pirated videos on the street. 2. She is very sensitive and will be offended if you don’t accept her invitation. 3. The most common complaint from car drivers is about the lack of parking facilities. 4. Customers complained to the company about the poor bus service. 5. They’ve come to the conclusion that he is not the right person for the job. 6. He concluded from what he was told that the situation in the city was bad and getting worse. 7. He worked hard and was soon promoted to marketing manager. 8. The committee has decided to remove the corrupt administrator. 9. The worked out a program to speed up the development of new energy sources. 10.The made use of the available financial resource to establish a small science laboratory. 11.Violence and crime are pervasive features of city life. 12.A resolution to maintain the truce was carried by an overwhelming majority. ※- - - - - -介词填空- - - - - -※ Uint2 He said that they should examine all the costs involved in the project first Dealing with this diversity of human resources in the 2010’s and beyond will be a significant challenge to managers Smith’s Tuesday morning experiences are typical of managerial work, which is varied, fragmented, and difficult to plan and organize. Effective managers may be one of a developed country’s most valuable resources, and they are one of the most needed resources in less developed countries The specific tasks of a manager in a college or university department differ from those of people managing in other organizations Bad management results in poor employee morale, poor quality, low productivity, and unnecessary employee-employer conflicts Errors in judgement for job hunting can prevent even the finest candidate from landing the job she or he wants The business plan is a written document that clearly defines the goals of a business and outlines the methods for achieving them Rapid technological developments in transportation and communications have brought the peoples of the world closer together in a physical sense A recent survey revealed that 54 percent considered a foreign language necessary for doing business abroad Unit3 He said that they should examine all the costs involved in the project first That is the usual way the telecommunications company deals with complaints Despite a thorough investigation, no trace of the escaped prisoner has been found About 1000 local workers were employed in the tourism industry last year At the heart of Dr. Piaget’s theories was an orderly schedule of stages, of children’s perceptions by age UNIT5 She never lost faith in Steven who was now under heavy criticism on account of his failure At the moment Natasha is on the point of losing her self-control After a cabinet meeting in the morning and a drive with Mary in the afternoon , Lincoln was in excellent spirits His wife did not want him to run for the Presidency because she feared for his safety The white mist was so thick that at five paces from the house one saw nothing but a shadowy mass Nature is a friend whom we keep until death, and into whom we shall enter when we die Serving in two partnerships, he quickly built up a good practice based on his reputation He finally moved out of the fifteenth address the family had lived in since his birth into room in Furnival’s Inn For a long time, he has been suffering from the discord between his life and his beliefs Objections to slavery in the mid-Western states did have a moral ingredient ,but the driving energy was territorial and did not imply sympathy for blacks ※- - - - - -动词时态填词- - - - - -※ Unit2 I was waiting all the morning. You should have told me you weren’t coming There must have been a bad accident here. Look at all the broken glass around. I should like to have been told the result earlier You needn’t have carried all those parcels by yourself .The shop would have delivered them if you had required it No one dared to question the order of the commander at that time I can’t find my mobile phone. I may have left it in the restaurant yesterday Since you’ve finished with these magazines, you may as well sell them and make some money. ----Look! Those people who are coming into the hall are carrying wet umbrellas ----It must be raining /must have been raining outside Unit6 1. I wouldn’t have gotten lost if I had asked for directions. (ask) 2. If I hadn’t to study I would have gone to the concert. (go) 3. If I had had enough money I would have paid cash for the house.(pay) 4. If she had written it down on the calendar, she wouldn’t have forgotten it.(forget). 5. She wouldn’t had bought that car even if she had had enough money. (have) 6. They would have gone on the trip if it hadn’t rained. (rain). 7. Had they known you didn’t have training, they would have hired you.(hire) 8. It is rewarding and perfectly harmless, otherwise I wouldn’t have done it . (do) 9. She suggested that we should set as deadline for handing in the proposals. (set) 10. I am lucky that I am interested in the subject I have chosen, otherwise I would be depressed. (depress) ※- - - - - -句子改错题- - - - - -※ Unit1 Eventually he realizes (what)that they are asking themselves a question which has never occurred to him Modern drugs have a new role (to be played)to play in controlling diseases of the mind she has a cheerful disposition and has kept in contact (for) with most of her friends from college After another round of negotiations ,they (called on )called for the immediate release of the hostages There were some delays on the road because of heavy traffic and it (spend) took him there hours to get to the airport. Unit2 Believe it or not ,his success was due (in) to luck The changes have been apparent (at) over the past five years. In addition (for) to English, the students learn art ,music and history Tim likes outdoor activities. He will to out (another) rather than stay home. She hasn’t made up her mind as (for) to where she will spend her holiday Unit3 The police (says) say that they have arrested twenty people following the disturbance Business managers focused on increasing their personal wealth by any available (mean)means The taste of vitamins is not so nice ,so the flavour sometimes(need ) needs to be disguised In Wai Wen Bookshop (is) are to be found books in various languages An expert together with some assistants (were) was sent to help resolve the problem They’ve got two hundred books ,one hundred and twenty are in Chinese and the rest (is) are in English Lake Superior is such a large freshwater lake that the waves (that breaks) that break on its shores are like the waves of the sea (Here are things) The things you can do in the European “good outdoors ”include camping, snow –mobiling, skiing, hunting and horseback riding Unit 5 In a war in which every state was providing its sons for the army , every election (deflected ) reflected reactions to the ebb and flow of successes in the field he did not blame her at all; (by ) on the contrary; he remembered with love and gratitude the forty long years of their life together Voters were inclined towards one party or the other according to how they saw their interests being (effected ) affected at any particular moment Nationally, he has raised the discussion of (which ) what was at stake to a high moral level and shown himself to be a worthy opponent of the country’s most formidable orator The only company he had was his fellow-workers and illiterate boys with whom he had nothing (for ) in common ,though they were kind to him in their rough way He was thus by the age of twenty-three (full ) fully independent ,conscious that he could depend on no one but himself ,but with a good appreciation of his own abilities He relaxed as energetically as he did everything else ,squeezing every ounce of interest and pleasure (on ) out of the Italian adventure Not content to rest on his laurels ,Orlando has accepted what may be his most (ambition ) ambitious role to date in the movie The Trojan War Professor Smith supervised her senior thesis in nuclear physics and provided her (for ) with a wonderful research experience and with his friendship It was made clear to the first generation of Canadian-born children (who) that the path to opportunity was through education ※- - - - - -英译汉- - - - - -※ 1、Science fiction is a literature genre developed in the 20th century in which the fiction writer addresses how scientific discoveries, technological developments, and future events and societal changes affect human beings. The description of these influences may be a careful and informed extrapolation of scientific facts and principles, or it may range into farfetched areas flatly contradictory of such facts and principles. 科幻小说是20世纪发展起来的一种文学体裁,科幻小说作家在其作品中描述科学发现、技术进步以及未来的事情和社会变化如何影响人类。对这些影响的描写,可能是对科学事实和原理的一种细致而有根据的判断,或是描写与这些事实和原理完全矛盾的令人难以置信的一些领域。 2、Managerial economics is the study of the application of economic principles of decision-making in business firms or in other management units. The basic concepts are derived mainly form microeconomic theory, which studies the behavior of individual consumers, firms, and industries, but new tools of analysis have been added. Statistical methods, for example, are becoming increasingly important in estimating current and future demand for products. 管理经济学研究将经济学原理运用于企业公司或其他管理部门的决策之中,其基本概念主要来自研究个体消费者、公司和行业的经济行为的微观经济学,但加进了新的分析方法。例如各种统计方法在估计产品当前和今后的需求中已日渐重要。 3、The unique contribution of the United States to those who love the great outdoors are the National Parks and State Parks. They are beautifully organized and give particular thought to campers. There are also campsites by the sea, which are hidden from the beach by a lion of sand dunes, or a thick belt of trees. Wherever you go, you can nearly always find picnic places complete with wooden tables, benches, garbage cans and restrooms. 美国为野外活动爱好者所做的特殊贡献是建立了众多的国家公园和州立公园,这些公园布局漂亮,体现了对野营爱好者的特殊关爱。海边也有许多野营营地。这些营地,或在海滩一连串的沙丘后,或在海滩茂密的林带后面。无论你走到哪里,几乎总能找到地方野餐,这些地方设备齐全,全都配有木制桌子、凳子、垃圾桶和洗手间。 4、Basically, all the nervous elements which underlie the experience of pain by human beings are to be found in all mammalian vertebrates at least; this is hardly surprising as pain is a response to a potentially harmful stimulus and is therefore of great biological importance for survival. Is there any reason, for supposing that animals, though equipped with all the necessary neurological structures, do not experience pain? Such a view would seem to presuppose a profound qualitative difference in the mental life of animals and men. 一般来说,参与人体痛觉经历的神经组织至少在哺乳类动物身上都可以找到,这并不令人惊讶,因为疼痛是一种对潜在危险刺激的反应,从而具有使动物生存下去的重要的生物学意义。那么,在动物拥有所有必要的神经结构的情况下,我们有什么理由认为它们不能感受疼痛呢?那种认为动物不能感受疼痛的看法似乎认定动物和人在精神生活中存在本质的区别。 5、Now we are engaged in a great civil war, testing whether that nation, or any nation so conceived and so dedicated, can long endure. We have met on a great battle-field of that war. We have come to dedicate a portion of that field, as a final resting place for those who here gave their lives so that the nation might live. It is altogether fitting and proper that we should do this. But, in a larger sense, we can not dedicate ---we can not consecrate ---we can not hallow ----this ground. The brave men, living and dead, who struggled here, have consecrated it, far above our poor power to add or detract. The world will little note, nor long remember what we say. 目前我们正在进行一场伟大的国内战争,我们的国家或任何一个有着同样理想与目标的国家能否长久存在,这场战争就是一次考验。我们在这场战争的一个伟大的战场上相聚。我们来到这里,将这战场的一小块土地奉献给那些为国家生存而英勇捐躯的人们,作为他们最后的安息之地。我们这样做是完全恰当的,完全应该的。 然而,从更深一层的意义上来说,我们没有能力奉献这块土地,没有能力使这块土地变得神圣。因为曾在这里进行过斗争的那些活着和已经死去的勇士们,已经使这块土地变得如此圣洁,我们微薄的力量已不能再对它有所改变,我们今天在这时说的话,世人不会注意,也不会长久记住,但这些英雄的业绩,人们将永记不忘。 6、Although ethics has always been viewed as a branch of philosophy, its all-embracing practical nature links it with many other areas of study, including anthropology, biology, economics, history, politics, sociology, and theology. Yet, ethics remains distinct from such disciplines because it is not a matter of factual knowledge in the way that the sciences and other branches of inquiry are. Rather, it has to do with determining the nature of normative theories and applying these sets of principles to practical moral problems. 虽然人们总把伦理学看作是哲学的一个分支,但伦理学包罗万象的实践的本质使它与其他许多学科领域联系起来,这些学科包括人类学、生物学、经济学、历史学、政治学、社会学和神学。然而,伦理学又与这些学科不同,因为它不像科学和其他学问那样涉及实在的知识,而是涉及确定规范理论的本质以及将这些原则应用于实际的道德问题。 ※- - - - - -汉译英- - - - - -※ 1、由于现代科学的兴起,特别是天文学和物理学的巨大变革,科学幻想小说的出现才成为可能。真正的科幻小说始于19世纪末儒勒·凡尔纳的科学幻想浪漫故事,不过,凡尔纳的科学只是停留在发明的水平上。 Science fiction was made possible only by the rise of modern science itself, notably the great revolutions in astronomy and physics, Science fiction proper began toward the end of the 19th century with the scientific romances of Jules Verne, whose science was rather on the level of invention. 2、好的管理是实现个人和社会目标的不可缺少的内容。好的管理可以创造高质量的工作和高生产率,可以把冲突减至最低程度和最大限度地促进合作,所有这些会使经济不断改善,而这又为个人发展和社会进步打下很好的基础。 Good management is a vital element in achieving personal and social objectives. Good management can creat high quality and high productivity, minimize conflicts and maximize cooperation, all of which lend to an improving economy which lays an excellent foundation for personal development and social progress. 3、世界上很少有国家能像美国这样有如此多样诱人的野外旅游资源。美国气候多样,风景秀丽,公路四通八达,人们可以驱车前往任何值得观光的地方。许多美国人,无论老幼,都喜欢开野营车外出野营。有些老年退休夫妇将他们很大一部分的储蓄存款用来购买这种“车 上家园”。他们每年花半年时间漫游美国,享受野外的绚丽风光。 Few countries have such a varied and tempting Outdoors as the USA. It has different kinds of climate and a spectacular landscape. Freeways and highways lead you to any places where there are things worth seeing. Many Americans, young and old, prefer camping in vehicles called “campers”. Some retired couples put a large part of their saving into such “home on wheels” and spend half of the year roaming the country, enjoying the great outdoors. 4、近年来科学家的发现使我们开始改变对动物的看法。原来动物与人类的相似之处比我们想象的要多得多。它们也能感受痛苦,体验压力,表达情感、兴奋和爱。科学家通过对动物的认真观察或获得它们的这些情感反应。现在尚不清楚家畜的这些反应是否会对其肉的品质产生影响。 Animals are more like us than we ever imagined. They feel pain, they experience stress, they show affection, excitement and love. All these findings have been made by scientists in recent years and such results are beginning to change how we view animals. Scientists obtained those reactions of animals through careful observation and laboratory testing. It is still uncertain if such reactions could degrade the meat quality of farm animals. 5、他的工作日从早饭之前就在办公室开始了,然后读报纸,签署文件,会见部长。用过简单的午饭后他可能骑马出去,或驾马车与夫人一起出去,也许去一个士兵医院,或一个军营。晚饭后他可能会回到办公室再工作三个小时,或者披上一条灰色的长围巾,不带卫兵独自出去散步,到作战部(War Department)去看看有什么电报,回到家时通常是午夜了。 His working day started in his office before breakfast and was followed by reading papers, signing documents and seeing ministers, After a light lunch, he might ride, or drive with his wife, perhaps visiting a soldiers’ hospital or a camp. After supper he might return for another three hours in his office or walk along without a guard with a long grey shawl round his shoulders, to see what telegrams were coming in to the War Department, returning home around midnight. 6、重要的是教师要有真正的同情心,能对他人表示理解。同时教师还要宽容,不是宽容学生的错误,而是宽容他们的不成熟。教师必须在知识上和道德上诚实,这是至关重要的。教师要明白自己智力上的优势和局限,要认真考虑并待定指导自己一生的道德准则。 It is important for a teacher to have a genuine capacity for sympathy- a capacity to understand the minds and feelings of other people. Closely related with this is the capacity to be tolerant-not of what is wrong, but of the immaturity of his students. It is essential for a teacher to be both intellectually and morally honest. It means that he will be aware of his intellectual strengths and limitations, and will have thought about and decided upon the moral principles by which his life shall be guided. ※- - - - - -句子翻译- - - - - -※ 1、她说不应当允许发生这样的错误。 She said that such errors ought not to be allowed. 2、在挑选计算机时,你必须要选择合适的软件。 When choosing a computer, you will need to select the right software. 3、我们在工作中可能会有机会与国外的专家进行交流。 In our work, we may occasionally communicate with experts in other countries. 4、如果一个人要在商界成功的话,就必须克服这些困难。 These obstacles must be overcome if one is to be successful in the business world. 5、市场调研十分重要,搜集到的信息可以增加你盈利的可能性。 Market research is very important, the information which has been gathered can increase your profit potential. 6、因为没有一家公司的财政经费有它所期待的那么多,所以公司必须就如何使用其有限的资金进行决策。 Because no company has many financial resources as it would like to have (as might have been expected), decision must be made regarding how these limited resources will be used. 7、You are supposed to pay right after the goods are delivered. 货到付款 8、A modern technical basis must rest on modern science and technology. 现代技术的基础必须建立在现代科学技术上。 9、He behaved politely which answering the interviewer's question. 他在回答采访者的问题时很有礼貌。 10、Each day we make choices that affect our lives and, sometimes, the lives of others. 我们每天遇事都要拿主意,拿得对不对都会影响我们自己的生活,有时也会影响他人的生活。 11、His failure to observe the safety regulations results in an accident to the machinery. 因为他没有遵守安全规则,所以机器出故障了。 12、For many years, there has been serious unemployment in this city. 多年来,该城市一直存在着严重的事业现象。 13、I'm afraid I can't teach you to pay badminton.I think Lin Jin is a better teacher than I. 我恐怕教不了你羽毛球,林静可能比我教得要好。 14、This program is not popular with all of people. 并不是所有的人都喜欢这个计划。 15、Open the windows and let the fresh air in. 打开窗户透透气。 16、Washington figured prominently in the history of America. 华盛顿是美国历史上的接触人物(华盛顿在美国历史上占有突出地位)。 17、Let me see if it works. 让我看看是不是坏了。 18、The proposal was surprisingly criticized by all walks of people. 这个建议受到了各阶层人的批评,真的令人吃惊。 19、Just a few words of praise made him exceedingly pleased with himself. 夸了他两句,他就美得不行了。 20、Heat is required to change ice to water. 如果要冰融化成水就必须加热。 21、The professor entered the laboratory followed by his graduate students. 这个教授进了实验室,后面跟着他的研究生。 22、I'm sorry that you're ill. 你病了,我很难过。 23、她在公共汽车上被人偷了钱包。 She had her purse stolen on the bus. 24、开了这么长的路,你应该让人把车洗一下 You should have your car cleaned after this long drive/ 25、这台彩电都用了快八年了,不值得让人修了。 This color television is almost eight years old. It isn’t worth having it repaired. 26、他让医生把车间里所有的人都查了一遍,但没有发现中毒者。 He asked the doctor to have everyone in the workshop examined and no one was found to be poisoned. 27、我请人把房子重新装修了一下,并在每间卧室里安装了空调。 I had my house renovated and installed an air conditioner in every bedroom. Unit7 Music 单词词组英汉互译 作曲家,交响乐,旋律/曲调,节奏 音符,主题,音色,和谐/和声。 pop music playwright classical music country music vocalist/pop singer the blues light music conductor SECTION A Textual organization: General statement: We all listen to music on three separate planes Plane1: the sensuous plane Further explanation: Listening to music for the sheer pleasure of the musical sound itself and hearing music without thinking, without considering it in any way. Plane2: the expressive plane Further explanation: All music has an expressive power, all music has a certain meaning behind the notes and that meaning behind the notes constitutes what the piece(of music) issaying and what the piece is about. Plane3: the sheerly musical plane Further explanation: Besides the pleasurable sound of music and the expressive felling that it gives off, music does exists in terms of notes themselves and of their manipulation. Yet while listening to music most listener: are not sufficiently conscious of the third plane./tend to listen on one or the other of the three planes. The author concludes that: We listen to music in all three ways/and on all three planes at the same time. The theme of the text: When listen to music ,one should be a more conscious and aware listener—not someone who is just listening, but someone who is listening for something. Understanding long/difficult sentences 1. doesn’t need to think anything but just enjoy. 2. cause/effect 3. the meaning of music 4. typical music commentator advocating this idea that music should have meaning. 5. discourage wherever and whenever it is met. SECTION B Vocabulary study A)b c a g d h f e B)1. so to speak(可以这么说) 2. strive for(争取/奋斗) 3.be alive to(对…敏感) 4.take into account(考虑/重视) 5.sensitive to(灵敏的) 6.carried away(忘乎所以) 7.commensurate with(以…相当) 8.give off(发出) 9.self-evident (不言而喻的) 10.clarity(清楚/明晰) C)1.other 2.dancing 3.else 4.stage 5.like6.over 7.discover 8.event 9.for 10.made SECTION C GRAMMAR REVIEW A)1. The new-type cell phone will be made smaller and smaller. 新型的手机越造越小。 2. After the storm all the ships with their crews were found out of danger. 暴风雨一过,我们发现所有船只和船员都脱离了危险。 3. She went away a little girl and came back a middle-aged scientist 她离开时是个孩子,回来时却是个中年科学家。 4. Mr. Green was elected director of the board. 大家推选格林先生出任董事长。 5. She felt her bed soft and comfortable. 她觉得那张床又软又舒服。 6. Don't leave your things lying about. 别把东西到处乱扔。 7. His wife advised him to give up smoking. 他的妻子劝他戒烟。 8. Where did you get your films developed. 你的胶卷在哪里冲的。 B) 1. It is possible that John will come to visit us tomorrow. 2. It is sure that the secretary will be there. 3. It doesn’t matter very much whether they come or not . 4. It is essential that there should be more houses built next year. 5. I think it a good idea to walk in the rain. 6. I fell it sad to see you sitting all alone. 7. Do you find it very dull to live here. 8. It was rather difficult to get the car on the boat. C)1. B has 2. D place worth seeing 3. B 去掉“that” 4. B that 5. A was it that 6. C will it be 7. C that 8. C taken SECTION D TRANSLATION 英译中 As a devoted participant in the college annual song contest for the past two years ,it has come to my attention that competitiveness and the desire to win have overthrown the school spirit and overall togetherness that the event was designed to generate. When classes are so bent on winning that they actually resort to spying on their rivals in hopes they can turn their opponents in on some technicality, things in my opinion, have gone just a bit too far, Is it really worth winning if it means deliberately damaging your competition to do it? 在过去的两年中,我一直是一年一度校园歌咏比赛的积极参加者。我注意到,竞争和想取胜的欲望违背了我们的学校精神,违背了学校通过比赛达到全校同学共同参与的初衷。如果某个年级取胜心切,不惜采取刺探的手法将别人的技巧“偷”到手,我以为这种做法已经有些过分了。倘若这样做就意味着比赛原则遭到破坏,那么即使赢了又有什么意义呢? 中译英 让我们假设人们听音乐有三个层面。第一个是感官层面。在这个层面上,听音乐的方法最简单。听音乐不用思考,纯粹为了消遣听音乐美妙的声音。第二个是表意层面。我们听音乐不仅听悦耳的声音,还要了解音乐所表达的意思。每支乐曲都有它的主题,但是,不同的人对同样的音乐有不同的感悟。最后一个是纯音乐层面。我们听音乐时,应该注意音乐的旋律、节奏、和声等。其实,我们决不会只在这三个层面的某一个层面上听音乐。我们本能地同时在三个层面上听音乐。 Let’s suppose there are three hypothetical, separate planes on which we listen to music. The first plane is sensuous. It is the plane on which we listen for the sheer pleasure of the musical sound itself and we hear music without thinking, without considering it any way. This is the simplest way of listening to music. The second is the expressive plane. On this plane we listen not only for the pleasure of the musical sound but also for the understanding of what the piece of music is saying. All music has a theme. But while listening, each listener feels for himself the specific expressive quality of the theme. The third plane on which music exists is the sheerly musical plane. When we listen to music we must be prepared to increase our awareness of the melodies. The rhythms, the harmonies etc. Actually, we never listen on only one or the other of the three planes. What we do is to instinctively listen in all three ways at the same time. Unit8 Life 单词词组英汉互译 感伤,叙述者,审慎稳重的风格,(文章的)节,冷嘲/反语 book review , disabled, heroine, publisher, hearing, plot SECTION A LEARN ABOUT THE TEXT Comprehension questions 1. b 2. a 3. c 4. d 5. a 6. a 7. b 8.c Textual organization: 1. At the age of five, she was robbed of her hearing. 2. At about 7 years old, she was taught by her grandmother to read. 3. She was sent to a progressive school for the deaf. 4. Soon after she graduated, she met Jim Lloyd, and they got married. 5. Two weeks after the marriage, Lloyd was sent to Europe as a stretcher-bearer while she stayed at home, missing her husband and fighting against the influenza epidemic. 6.She and Lloyd finally reunited. Word study: 1. has made up her mind 换成is determined/has resolved. 2. turned换成 resorted 3. heavy responsibility to 换成 burden 4. great disorder 换成 chaos 5. great sorrow换成 grief 6. take away 换成 rob him of 7. responsible for换成 guilty about 8. well-written 换成 well-constructed Understanding long/difficult sentences 1. ① that shows she is quite familiar with the life of the deaf girl, she knows much about how the girl thinks and feels; ② the writing technique of Itani; ③the deaf girl’s silent life is so vivid;④ Grain’s world, her life. 2. ① quiet and everything is carefully thought and depicted. ② effective and suitable for describing the simple domestic life. ③ still has its remarkable power in winning her readers. SECTION B Vocabulary study A) 1. process(处理/过程) 2. procedure(程序/步骤) 3. procedure(程序/步骤) 4. lightly(轻松地) 5. slightly(轻微地) 6. slightly(纤细地) 7. dividing(分开/区分) 8. divide(划分) 9. split(分离/裂缝/离开) 10. deliberate(商议) 11. deliberate(深思熟虑) 12. considerable(值得考虑) 13. alternate(交替/轮流) 14. alternative(两者取其一) 15. alternative(选择性的)16. suffered(遭受/允许) 17. has suffered (宽恕) 18. endured(忍耐) B)1.was submerged(被..淹没) 2. affection(喜爱/感情) 3.survive(幸存) 4.in the hope of(怀着…的希望) 5.shallow(肤浅的) 6.reassured(使安心) 7.progressive(进步的) 8.attend to(注意/照料) 9.disabled(有缺陷的) 10.intensify(使加强) Recognize fact and opinion 1. F 2.O 3.O 4.F 5.F SECTION C GRAMMAR REVIEW A) 1. She has been condemned to a living hell, a place full of pain and torture. 2. Earnest Hemingway, my favorite writer, was awarded Nobel Prize in Literature in 1954. 3. We visited Europe last month, something we had dreamed of in the last two years. 4. “You must go into the people’s homes as I have done, look into their cooking pots and eat their bread…” said Thomas Jefferson, the third president of the United States. 5. People cook fish with beer, a common practice in the area. B) 1. They are rebuilding the city destroyed by the earthquake. 2. She managed to wash the tablecloth stained with ink. 3. Her first novel, inspired by her experience in Africa, turns out to be a bestseller. 4. That model car, made in Germany, is my favorite. 5. I still remember the story told by my grandmother. 6. Once opened, the package cannot be returned. 7. Once invited, you may set out on Friday. 8. If given a blood transfusion, the patient will be saved. 9. When exposed to the sunshine, the plant will grow better. 10. When cooled to a certain degree, the gas becomes solid. SECTION D TRANSLATION 英译中 What’s particularly remarkable about this novel is that Itain’s quiet, measured style, which seems so effective for describing the simple details of domestic life, becomes thoroughly stunning when employed in her descriptions of war. Form Jim’s initial burst of patriotic enthusiasm, through stages of blinding terror and sickness, he trudges on for years in the world “no one would believe.” These anecdotes of continuous chaos, blood, and waste serve as a serious reminder of the nature of battle before technology allowed us to pretend that the process of killing could be precise and objective. 这部小说特别引人注目之处是作者伊塔妮平静和慎重的写作风格,这种风格用于描绘家庭生活的简朴琐碎十分有效,没想到用于描写战争时会变得如此震撼人心。从最初爱国激情的迸发到后来的目不暇接的恐惧和疾病等种种磨难,吉姆多年来艰难地在一个“人人都难以置信的世界”里挣扎着。当现代科技使我们盲目地认为战争中的杀戮可以是精准的,并且并非随意实施的时候,这些关于连绵不断的混乱、流血和荒芜的记事认真地提醒我们不要忘记战争的残酷本质。 中译英 二战期间,凯瑟琳?琼斯在部队当护士。她和许多其他年轻人一样被派住欧洲前线。每天她要照顾许多伤员,为他们打针,处理伤口。有些士兵被夺去了手脚,而另外一些则被夺去了视力或听力。他们遭受巨大的痛苦,伤势严重的病人常常依赖止痛药。尽管这样,他们依然勇敢、乐观。这一切深深地打动着凯瑟琳,让她看到了胜利的曙光。 During the World War II, Catherine Jones worked as a nurse in the army. Like many other young people, she was sent to the front line in Europe. Everyday she had many patients to attend to, giving them injections and some others had been robbed of their sight and hearing. They had suffered so much that those who were seriously wounded had to resort to painkillers. Despite all this, they were still brave and optimistic, which moved Catherine so much, and which made her see the twilight of the victory. Unit9 Physics 单词词组英汉互译 扳机分贝枪管奥斯卡奖声音的半自动步枪好莱坞干扰 sound effect movie producer silencer agent noise pistol/handgun/revolver rifle sound wave transmit SECTION A LEARN ABOUT THE TEXT Textual organization: A)① examples ② what we see in movies may not necessarily be real from a physics point of view ③ give a scientific explanation of the actual situation related to the movie examples ④the loudness of the muzzle blast is so high that it requires a precisely-made silencer to have it reduced⑤ 7⑥ the makeshift silencer in movies ⑦ using silent scenes based on realistic physics may also create an dramatic result ⑧ the movie makers got the physics right ⑨ the movie makers need to take the issue into consideration as viewers today may eventually not take movie nonsense for granted B)1. silence a muzzle blast 2. have image and sound occur simultaneously 3. have spacecraft engine noises heard in the near vacuum outer space Word links: miniature sonic——supersonic——noticeable noise——sound wave 微型声波超声波明显的噪音声波 Understanding long/difficult sentences 1. ① registered ② illegal ③ to be homemade ④ ineffective ⑤ illegal 2. ① Tora Tora Tora ② as a good movie for its sound effects for its time ③ better for following the historical truthness SECTION B Vocabulary study A) 1. methodical(有条理的) 2. screwed(用螺丝拧紧) 3. discharge(排放/卸出) 4.obsessed(着迷) 5. simultaneously(同时地) 6.distraction(心烦意乱) 7.transmission(传播) 8. eliminate(消除) 9. convey(表达) 10. authenticity (真实性) 11. ridiculous(荒谬的) B) 1. commonplace (老生常谈) 2. commonest(普通的) 3. insure(确保/保证) 4. secure(安全/无虑的) 5. confined (限制) 6. restrict(约束/限定) 7. distributed(分散式的) 8. contribute(贡献/出力) 9. eliminate (消除/排除) 10. demolished (拆毁/破坏) 11. transmitted(传输/传送) 12. transplanted (移植/转移) 13. nominate (推荐/提名) 14. Candidates (候选人/申请者) Recognize fact and opinion 1. F 2.O 3.O 4.F 5.F SECTION C GRAMMAR REVIEW A) 1. are being watered 2. be repaired 3.has been cut off 4. will have been finished 5. being introduced 6. be discussed 7. been invited 8. have met B) 1. by换成 to 2. effective 换成 efficient 3. achieve 换成 achieving 4. required 换成 acquired 5. information-based 换成 Information-based 6. encourage 换成 encouraging 7. in 换成 to 8. managed 换成 arranged 9. to be 换成 to 10. pay 换成 paid SECTION D TRANSLATION 英译中 Sound is a form of energy transfer and we can define loudness in terms of the energy per unit of time or power output of the sound, but it wouldn’t give the complete picture. The sound’s power is distributed on the surface of the wave which increases with the square of the distance from its source. In other words, the amount of energy per unit of area in the wave declines rapidly as the wave moves away from the source. About the same wave area contacts aperson’s ear regardless of how far she or he is away from the source. However, the area contains significantly less energy when the source is far away rather than up close. This explains why the sound is no as loud. 声音是一种能量的转换。我们可以用单位时间上产生的声音能量或声能来标定声音的大小,但这仅仅描述了事情的一部分。声波向外传播就像许多气球从同一点向外飘散。声能沿着声波的表面分布,其表面及随着传播距离的平方成正比。换句话说,声波单位面积上的能量随着声波远离声源而减少。无论远近,传到人耳中的声波区是相同的。但当我们距声源较远时,声波区上的能量也就明显减少。所以我们听到的声音就比较小。 中译英 把声音的强度降低一半,仅使声音的大小相对降低3分贝。这几乎很难察觉到。一付质量上乘的耳塞通常可降低噪音30分贝左右,这将使射击声从150分贝降到120分贝,仍然很响。我们估算影片中枪械消音器发出的那一点与人无损的“砰”声也不过50分贝。这就意味着射击噪声惊人地降低了足足100分贝。换句话说,消声器必须将射击声的强度以1010为因数进行消音才能达到如此低的分贝数。要做到这点,就必须使用设计完美,制作精准的消音器和亚音速的弹药。但现在市场上可以买到的消音器大多只能降噪30至40分贝,与带耳塞的效果相似,而非影片中经常描述的令人难以置信的100分贝。 Cutting sound intensity in half only reduces the relative loudness by merely 3 dB. This would be barely noticeable. A good set of ear plugs typically reduces noise by about 30 dB and so, would reduce a muzzle last from 150 to 120 dB, still a very loud noise. We estimate that the innocuous “fut” sound made by a movie silencer is roughly 50 dB, a whipping noise reduction of 100 dB from the dB level of a muzzle blast! In other words, a silencer has to reduce sound intensity of a muzzle blast by a factor of 1010 to give such a low relative loudness. This can be done with a very well-designed and precisely made silencer using subsonic ammunition. However, even commercially available silencers are more likely to give a reduction for 30 to 40 dB similar to ear plugs than the incredible 100 dB reduction frequently portrayed in movies. Unit10 Philosophy 单词词组英汉互译 古典式浪漫型深层形式终极真理 富于想象力的不理智的艺术感觉反传统文化 understanding/comprehension/interpretation misunderstanding intuition behavior emotion(s)/felling(s) consciousness under control seek plarsure SECTION A LEARN ABOUT THE TEXT Textual organization: IDEA DIAGRAM Topic: ① Classical understanding ② Romantic understanding General differences: ① Underlying form ② Immediate appearance Specific details: ① Facts, e.g. science Association Under control Heavy, grey ② Felling, e.g. art Association with females Pleasure-seeking Shallow The author concludes: The trouble is “no one has any real reconciliation of the two modes.” The theme of the text: We need both classical understanding and romantic understanding/ no one wants a house divided against itself. Understanding long/difficult sentences 1. the dividing and separating of understanding into two ways. 2. almost meaningless in relation to ultimate truth. But such a dichotomy 3. quite reasonable and logical 4. this dichotomy when he/ she is doing things in the way that the classic mode does。 5. discover or create a reasonable, logical world. SECTION B Vocabulary study A) classic (名著/经典的) 替换成 romantic(浪漫的) underlying form(底层形式)替换成 immediate appearance(露面) intuitive(直觉的)替换成 rational(理性/合理的) order(命令/整理)替换成 chaos(混乱) unknown(未知的)替换成 known(已知的) understanding(理解)替换成 misunderstanding(误会) B) 1. in terms of (依据/按照) 2. By contrast (相比之下) 3. appeals to(呼吁/上诉) 4. figure out(解决/算出) 5. fascinated (使着迷) 6. control(控制/管理) 7. opposed(反对/敌对) 8. legitimate(合法/正统的) 9. restrained(抑制/约束) 10. underlying(潜在的/优先的) C) 1. few 2. grow 3. like 4. born 5. doing 6. next 7. inherited 8. brought 9. school 10. both SECTION C GRAMMAR REVIEW A) 1. collecting(聚集) 2. correcting(校正) 3. coming(到达) 4. having taken(拥有采取) 5. surrounding(环境/周围的) 6. facing(饰面) 7. posted(通告) 8. Having seen(看过) 9. Delighted(高兴的) 10. taken(拿/带) B) 1. I shall answer换成 to answer 2. that must be solved at our meeting 换成 to be solved 3. that he did not have enough 换成 to have enough 4. who she can play 换成 to play 5. so that she could be seen 换成 to be seen 6. because I met 换成 to meet 7. in order that he would have 换成 to have 8. that you have got the 换成 to have got C) 1. catching 换成 to catch 2. to talk 换成 talking 3. getting 换成 to get 4. to be performing 换成 performing 5. enjoy 换成 to enjoy 6. exchange 换成 to exchange/of exchanging 7. to grow 换成 grow 8. to play 换成 playing SECTION D TRANSLATION 英译中 The classic mode, by contrast, proceeds by reason and by laws—which are themselves underlying forms of thought and behavior. In European cultures it is primarily a masculine mode and the fields of science, law and medicine are unattractive to women largely for this reason. Although motorcycle riding is romantic, motorcycle maintenance is purely classic. The dirt, the grease, the mastery of underlying form required all give it such a negative romantic appeal that women never go near it.Although surface ugliness is often found in classic mode of understanding it is not inherent in it. There is a classic esthetic which romantics often miss because of its subtlety. The classic style is straightforward, unemotional, economical and carefully proportioned. Its purpose is not to inspire emotionally, but to bring order out of chaos and make the unknown known. 古典模式则相反。看问题理智,按法规法则办事。法规法则本身就是行为和思想的基本方式。在欧洲文化里,古典模式主要是一种男性模式。在很大程度上,正是此原因使得科学、医学和法律对女性没有吸引力。尽管骑乘摩托车很浪漫,但维修摩托车却纯属古典。车上的污垢、油污及修车需要掌握的基本原理使修车毫无浪漫可言。所以,女士们很少靠近这一行。虽然古典模式表面上往往会有一些丑的东西,但这并非是其与生俱有 的。古典式的审美的细微之处往往是浪漫式的审美中所缺少的。古典式是直率的,不偏爱的,非情绪化的,经济的和有分寸的。它的目的不是煽情,而是从一团乱麻中捋出头绪,揭示未知事物。 中译英 有两种理解模式—--古典模式和浪漫模式。古典模式看事物的内存形式;而浪漫模式看重事物的表面。浪漫派富有想象力和创造力,总是跟着感觉走。古典派则相反,他们尊重事实,看问题理智,按法规办事。这两种模式从没有达到真正的调和,但是双方都不愿看到这种内讧分裂。 There are two ways of understanding----classical understanding and romantic understanding. A classical understanding sees the world primarily as underlying form itself while a romantic understanding sees it primarily in terms of immediate appearance. The romantic mode is imaginative and creative. It proceeds by feeling. The classic mode, in contrast, gives priority to facts. It proceeds by reason and by laws. There has never been any real reconciliation of these twomodes. But no one wants it /a house divided against itself. Unit11 Education 单词词组英汉互译 使人不安或担忧的工蜂学徒/新手 (以连珠炮弹式的问题、辱骂等)攻击某人操纵/驾驶超前培养 preschooler resume curriculum plasticity school transcript pyramid bilingual buffet SECTION A LEARN ABOUT THE TEXT Textual organization: IDEA DIAGRAM Kid used to: Have a normal, happy childhood and play a lot more. An unexpected gift one gains was regarded as : Something good but not a job requirement. A recent unsettling…… American kids: ① Anarchic childhood has been turning into an apprentice adulthood. ② Grade-schoolers are spending more time studying. Parents: don’t want their children to be left behind. They hope their kids will be the best. Hucksters and marketers: Are encouraging parents to buy their products designed for this early striving. Para. 6 raises question about: Striving to educate children in early childhood. Parents’ ideas about preparation for school: They cited definable achievements such as knowing numbers, letters, colors and shapes. Teacher s’ ideas about preparation for school: They say social kills, such as sharing, interacting with others and following instructions, are far more important. When it comes to language: The brain does appear to have fertile and less fertile periods. When it comes to other skills: There is virtually no evidence for learning windows at all. What parents can do to …skills: They can pick up their kids and their best tutors. The value of educational toys: Pictures can engage children and help them develop their ability to focus and follow and music can hold their attention. Conclusion: With their parents standing watchfully by, children need to be allowed to develop in their own ways. Word links 1. the child’s growth or developing process 2. a gift or remarkable talent 3. sweetheart deal, marvelously anarchic institution Understanding long/difficult sentences 1. those things mentioned in Para. 8 2. popular/fashionable/well-known. 3. our brain can learn certain skills only at an early stage. 4. not easily believe those things mentioned in Para.8 and they tend to believe the learning window theory. SECTION B Vocabulary study A) 1. i 2. h 3. d 4. e 5. f 6. a 7. j 8. b 9. c 10. g B) 1. published 2. among 3. were 4. parents 5.system 6. findings 7. warning 8. only 9.brains 10. to 11. report 12. impact 13. off 14. unremarkable 15. children 16. on 17. late 18. damage 19. worry 20. don’t C) 1. avail of (有益于) 2. made up for (弥补) 3. steer (控制/引导) 4. unsettling (动乱不定) 5.soothe(安慰/缓和) 6. bilingual (双语的) 7. assiduously(刻苦地) 8. anarchic(无政府的) 9. radical (彻底的) 10. optimizes(优化) SECTION C GRAMMAR REVIEW B) 1. I shall answer换成 to answer 2. that must be solved at our meeting 换成 to be solved 3. that he did not have enough 换成 to have enough 4. who she can play 换成 to play 5. so that she could be seen 换成 to be seen 6. because I met 换成 to meet 7. in order that he would have 换成 to have 8. that you have got the 换成 to have got SECTION D TRANSLATION 英译中 Child-development experts, however, consider these sterile tools inferior to more social and emotional activities such as talking with or reading to children. These specialists agree that the only thing shown to optimize children’s intellectual potential is a secure, trusting relationship with their parents. Time spent cuddling, gazing and playing establishes a bond of security, trust and respect on which the entire child-development pyramid is based. 研究儿童成长发育的专家则认为,和孩子聊聊天或念书给他们听,这些更加社会化、充满温情的活动要比那些没有多大用处的教具有效得多。他们认为,事实证明唯一能够最大限度地发挥孩子智力潜能的,其实是一种使孩子有安全感、孩子与父母之间可以相互 信赖的亲情关系。父母经常拥抱孩子,深情地凝望孩子,或者与孩子一起玩耍,能使孩子有安全感,信赖父母,尊重父母,而这正是孩子心智全面成长的基础。 中译英 汤姆和玛丽对于成功培养孩子有自己独特的方法。与大多数家长一样,他们并不介意自己的两个女儿是否会成为未来的莫扎特,从本质上说,他们只希望能让孩子们最充分地利用人生时光。在他们看来,关键在于要确保自己的女儿们在周末期间什么也不干。 Tom and Mary have a cunning strategy for successful child-rearing. Like most other parents, they wouldn’t mind if their two daughters turned out to be among the next Mozart’s. But essentially, they just want to help the girl get the most out of their lives. The key, they’ve decided, is the weekends, when they see to it that their daughters do pretty much nothing at all.