EN 50483-6 Test requirements for low voltage aerial bundled cable accessories

EN 50483-6 Test requirements for low voltage aerial bundled cable accessories BS EN 50483-6:2009 Test requirements for low voltage aerial bundled cable accessories — Part 6: Environmental testing 低压架空集束电缆附件的试验要求 第6部分: 环境试验 NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW 除非版权法允许，否则没有BSI的许可不许复印。 National foreword This British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 50483-6:2009. 本英国是EN 50483-3:2009的英国执行版本。 The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted by Technical Committee GEL/20, Electric cables, to Subcommittee GEL/20/11, Cable accessories. 受技术委员会GEL/20电缆之下属委员会GEL/20/11，电缆附件的委托，英国参与本标准的制订。 A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. 跟秘书处联系可以得到委员会所代表的机构清单。 This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. 本标准声明不包括里所有必要的条款。使用者对自己正确的使用负责。 Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations. 符合英国标准并不能意味着免除法律义务。 This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 March 2009 本标准在标准政策和策略委员会的授权下于2009年3月31日出版。 Amendments issued since publication 标准出版后发行的修正本。 Amd. No. Date Text affected EUROPEAN STANDARD EN January 2009 50483-6 EN 50483-6: 2009 Test requirements for low voltage aerial bundled cable accessories - Part 6: Environmental testing 低压架空集束电缆附件的试验要求 第6部分: 环境试验 This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 2008-12-01. CENELEC members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. 欧洲电力标准委员会于2008年12月1日批准通过本欧洲标准。CENELEC成员要遵守CEN/CENELEC内部规 范，规定了给予这个欧洲标准以国家标准的地位，没有对其做任何改动。 Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CENELEC member. 向中央秘书处或任何成员申请可以得到本标准涉及到的及时更新的清单和参考书目。 This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions. 本欧洲标准有三个官方版本(英语，法语和德语)。在由CENELEC成员负责的情况下，成任何其他语 言的版本并通知中央秘书处，具有与官方版本相同的地位。 CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. CENELEC成员由以下国家的国家电工技术委员会组成:奥地利、比利时、保加利亚、塞浦路斯、捷克共和 国、丹麦、爱沙尼亚、芬兰、法国、德国、希腊、匈牙利、冰岛、爱尔兰、意大利、拉脱维亚、立陶宛、卢 森堡公国、马耳他、荷兰、挪威、波兰、葡萄牙、罗马尼亚、斯洛伐克、斯洛文尼亚、 西班牙、瑞典、瑞 士和大不列颠联合王国。 2/30 EN 50483-6: 2009 Foreword This European Standard was prepared by a sub-group of WG 11 of the Technical Committee CENELEC TC 20, Electric cables. 这个欧洲标准是由技术委员会CENELEC TC 20:电缆的WG11的分支机构制订的。 The text of the draft was submitted to the formal vote and was approved by CENELEC as EN 50483-6 on 2008-12-01. 本草案的文本在2008年12月1日经过正式投票并且经过欧洲电力标准委员会的批准通过，标 准号EN50483-6。 The following dates were fixed: – latest date by which the EN has to be implemented at national level by publication of an identical national standard or by endorsement (dop) 2009-12-01 - 欧洲标准被相同的国家标准引用生效的最近日期(2009-12-01) – latest date by which the national standards conflicting with the EN have to be withdrawn (dow) 2011-12-01 - 与欧洲标准相冲突的国家标准被撤销的最近日期(2011-12-01) This is Part 6 of CENELEC standard EN 50483 “Test requirements for low voltage aerial bundled cable accessories”, which has six parts: 这是EN50483标准的第1部分:低压架空集束电缆附件的试验要求，共 包括6部分: Part 1: Generalities; 第1部分: 概述 Part 2: Tension and suspension clamps for self supporting system; 第2部分: 自承重系统的耐张与悬垂线夹 Part 3: Tension and suspension clamps for neutral messenger system; 第3部分: 中性承力索系统的耐张与悬垂线夹 Part 4: Connectors; 第4部分: 连接器 Part 5: Electrical ageing test; 第5部分: 电力老化实验 Part 6: Environmental testing. 第6部分: 环境试验 3/30 EN 50483-6: 2009 Contents 目 录 1 Scope 范围 .............................................................................................................................................................. 5 2 Normative references 参考标准 ............................................................................................................................ 5 3 Terms and definitions 术语和定义 ........................................................................................................................ 6 4 Symbols 符号 .......................................................................................................................................................... 7 5 Marking标记............................................................................................................................................................. 7 6 (Spare) 备用 ............................................................................................................................................................ 7 7 (Spare) 备用 ............................................................................................................................................................ 7 8 Type tests 型式试验 ............................................................................................................................................... 7 8.1 Number of test samples and number of cycles 试验样品数量和循环数 ............................................ 7 8.2 Requirements 要求...................................................................................................................................... 7 8.3 Cleaning 清洁 ............................................................................................................................................... 7 8.4 Corrosion ageing tests 腐蚀老化试验 ....................................................................................................... 7 图1 – 连接器的建议安排 – 可选沉浸试验 方法1 ............................................................................................. 12 表1 – 酸溶液成分的量............................................................................................................................................. 13 8.5 Climatic ageing test 气候老化试验 .......................................................................................................... 13 图2 – 调节循环的图示 – 周循环 .......................................................................................................................... 20 表2 – 波谱能量分布和允许公差 ............................................................................................................................. 22 图3 – 温度-辐射-时间关系 ...................................................................................................................................... 23 附录A(参考标准)盐雾和气体环境腐蚀试验理由 .............................................................................................. 24 附录B(参考标准)得到二氧化硫的特殊反应的范例 .......................................................................................... 25 附录C(参考标准)气候地区 ................................................................................................................................. 26 表C.1 – 气候条件 – 合适试验 ...................................................................................................................... 26 附录D(参考标准)试验要求 ................................................................................................................................. 27 图D.1 – 典型实验安排..................................................................................................................................... 27 4/30 EN 50483-6: 2009 1 Scope 范围 EN 50483 series applies to overhead line fittings for tensioning, supporting and connecting aerial bundled 0/(m): 0,6/1 (1,2) kV. cables (ABC) of rated voltage UU U EN50483系列适用于耐张、支撑和连接额定电压为0.6/1kV的架空集束导线上的架空线路金具。 The objective is to provide a method of testing the suitability of accessories when used under normal operating conditions with low voltage aerial bundled cables complying with HD 626. 目的就是为用于符合HD626的低压架空集束电缆的附件在正常运行条件下使用时提供一种试验方法。 This Part 6 defines the environmental tests in particular the climatic and corrosion ageing tests. The objective of these tests is to predict the behaviour of ABC accessories when subjected to sun radiation, to weather conditions (humidity, spraying water, heat, cold) and pollution. EN 50483-1, EN 50483-2, EN 50483-3 and EN 50483-4 specify which type tests included in this part of the standard are needed. 本第6部分规定了环境试验，特别是气候和腐蚀老化试验。这些试验的目的是预测在日照辐射、天气条件(湿 度、喷雾、热、冷)和污染条件下时ABC附件的性能。EN 50483-1、-2、-3、和-4规定了需要包括在本标准 的这部分里的型式试验。 Climate differs across Europe and in order to meet the differing geographic climatic conditions it is necessary to provide a range of tests to meet these variations. A range of optional, additional tests is provided to meet the varying climatic needs and these should be agreed between the customer and the supplier (see Annex C). 欧洲各地气候不同。为满足这些不同的地理气候条件，有必要提供一系列的试验来满足这些变化。对所提供 的这一系列用于满足变化气候的可选的附加试验要经过购销双方的协商。 NOTE This European Standard does not invalidate existing approvals of products achieved on the basis of national standards and specifications and/or the demonstration of satisfactory service performance. However, products approved according to such national standards or specifications cannot directly claim approval to this European Standard. It may be possible, subject to agreement between supplier and purchaser, and/or the relevant conformity assessment body, to demonstrate that conformity to the earlier standard can be used to claim conformity to this standard, provided an assessment is made of any additional type testing that may need to be carried out. Any such additional testing that is part of a sequence of testing cannot be done separately. 备注:本欧洲标准不会使根据国家标准和规范和/或满意的使用性能论证批准的现行产品文件失效。但是， 不能因此直接声明得到了本欧洲标准的批准。 根据购销双方之间和/或相关合格评定机构的，并对可能需要做的任何附加型式试验进行评估后，也可 能会论证出符合早期的标准可以声明符合本标准。任何作为试验顺序的一部分的这种附加试验都不可以单独 进行。 2 Normative references 参考标准 The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. 以下参考标准都是这个标准在实际应用中必不可少的。对于过期的标准，仅引用版本适用。对于未过期的标 准，其最新版本适用(包括任何修正本)。 EN 50483 series, Test requirements for low voltage aerial bundled cable accessories EN 50483系列，低压架空集束导线的试验要求 EN 60068-2-5, Environmental testing – Part 2: Tests – Test Sa: Simulated solar radiation at ground level (IEC 60068-2-5) 5/30 EN 50483-6: 2009 EN 60068-2-5, 环境试验-第2部分-试验Sa:地面模拟太阳辐射试验(IEC 6068-2-5) EN 60068-2-9:1999, – (IEC Environmental testing Part 2: Tests – Guidance for solar radiation testing 60068-2-9:1975 + A1:1984) EN 60068-2-9:1999，环境试验-第2部分:试验 - 太阳辐射试验指南(IEC 60068-2-9:1975+A1:1984) EN 60068-2-11:1999, Environmental testing – Part 2: Tests – Test Ka: Salt mist (IEC 60068-2-11:1981) EN 60068-2-11:1999，环境试验- 第2部分:试验-试验Ka:盐雾(IEC 60068-2-11:1981) EN ISO 3231, Paints and varnishes – Determination of resistance to humid atmospheres containing sulfur (ISO 3231) dioxide EN ISO 3231, 色漆和清漆.耐含二氧化硫潮湿空气的测定(ISO 3231) IEC 60050-461, International Electrotechnical Vocabulary (IEV) – Part 461: Electric cables IEC 60050-461,国际电工技术词汇表(IEV) –461篇: 电缆 3 Terms and definitions 术语和定义 For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in IEC 60050-461 and the following apply. 对于本标准，IEC60050-461里给出的和如下术语和定义都适用。 3.1 aerial bundled cable (ABC) 架空集束电缆 aerial cable consisting of a group of insulated conductors which are twisted together including, or not, a non insulated conductor [IEV 461-08-02, modified] 由一组绝缘导线绞在一起组成的架空电缆，包括非绝缘导线或不包括非绝缘导线 [IEV 461-08-02, 修正 版]。 NOTE The terms bundled conductors, bundled cables, bundled cores, conductor bundles and bundle could be used as equivalent to the term aerial bundled cable (ABC). 备注:术语集束导线、集束电缆、集束芯线、导线集束和集束都等同于架空集束电缆(ABC)。 3.2 aerial-insulated-cable 架空绝缘电缆 insulated cable designed to be suspended overhead and outdoors [IEV 461-08-01] 设计用来架空或在室外悬挂的绝缘电缆[IEC 461-08-01] 3.3 conductor (of a cable) (电缆的)导线 part of a cable which has the specific function of carrying current [IEV 461-01-01] 电缆的一部分，具有承载电流的特定功能[IEV 461-01-01] 3.4 core芯线 assembly comprising conductor and its own insulation [IEV 461-04-04, modified] 包含导线及其绝缘的装配组合[IEV 461-04-04,修正] 3.5 fixture (or fitting) 固定装置(或金具) device for attaching ABC tension or/and suspension clamps to a pole or to a wall 将ABC耐张或/和悬垂线夹连接到杆或墙上的装置。 3.6 insulation (of a cable) (电缆的)绝缘 insulating materials incorporated in a cable with the specific function of withstanding voltage [IEV 461-02-01] 包含在电缆里具有耐受电压的特殊功能的绝缘材料[IEV 461-02-01] 3.7 type test型式试验 test required to be made before supplying a type of material covered by this standard on a general 6/30 EN 50483-6: 2009 commercial basis, in order to demonstrate satisfactory performance characteristics to meet the intended application 为证实令人满意的性能特性能够满足使用目的，在供应本标准涉及的材料之前要做的一个试验。 NOTE These tests are of such a nature that, after they have been made, they need not be repeated unless changes are made to the accessory materials, design or type of manufacturing process which might change the performance characteristics. 备注:这些试验的特点就是，一旦做过之后无需重复，除非有可能改变性能特性的材料、设计或者生产工艺 的种类发生了改变。 4 Symbols 符号 λ1 and λ2 wavelength of UV light source UV光源的波长 Em mean energy received by the samples 样品接收的平均能量 E radiated energy of the lamp 灯的辐射能量 n number of cycles (defined in appropriate part of this standard) 循环数(本标注相关章节规定) θ temperature measured by the black standard thermometer 黑色标准温度计测得的温度 θ temperature of the chamber 试验箱温度 E 5 Marking标记 See Clause 6 of EN 50483-1. 见EN 50483-1的第6章节 6 (Spare) 备用 7 (Spare) 备用 8 Type tests 型式试验 8.1 Number of test samples and number of cycles 试验样品数量和循环数 The number of samples and number of cycles for each of the following tests are included in each relevant part of EN 50483. 下列每个试验的样品数量和循环数都包含在EN 50483的相关章节里。 8.2 Requirements 要求 The requirements for the following tests shall be as given in the relevant parts of this standard. 如下试验的要求见本标准的相关章节。 8.3 Cleaning 清洁 On completion of the environmental tests, and between different environmental tests when carried out as a sequence, the samples shall, unless otherwise specified, be cleaned using running tap water for 5 min to 10 min and then by using demineralised water for the same period. The temperature of the water shall not exceed 35 ?C. The samples shall be dried either by shaking by hand or using air blast to remove droplets of water. 环境试验完成时和在按顺序进行的不同的环境试验中间，要用流动的自来水对试验样品进行5到10分钟的冲 洗，然后用纯净水冲洗同样长的时间。水温不能超过35?。用手把样品甩干或用吹风机吹去水滴。 8.4 Corrosion ageing tests 腐蚀老化试验 These tests shall be carried out when the products contain metallic parts (or parts protected with a metallic coating), which are exposed to the atmosphere. 把包含金属部件(或用金属镀层保护的部件)的产品暴露在气体环境中进行这些试验。 A justification of the tests is given in Annex A. 试验理由见附录A。 8.4.1 Salt mist test 盐雾试验 8.4.1.1 Principle 原理 This test exposes samples to a neutral salt spray (concentration of NaCl: 5 %). 在本试验中，把样品暴露在中性盐雾中(氯化钠浓度:5%)。 8.4.1.2 Test equipment 试验装置 The test equipment is defined in Clause 3 of EN 60068-2-11:1999. 7/30 EN 50483-6: 2009 试验装置见EN 60068-2-11:1999的第3章。 8.4.1.3 Test arrangement 试验安排 The preparation and use of the salt solution is defined in Clause 4 of EN 60068-2-11:1999. 盐溶液的准备和使用见EN 60068-2-11:1999的第4章。 8.4.1.4 Procedure 步骤 The test procedure is defined in Clause 7 of EN 60068-2-11:1999. 试验步骤见EN 60068-2-11:1999的第7章。 The connectors or accessories shall be installed as defined in the relevant parts of EN 50483. 连接器或者附件的安装按照EN 50483的相关章节规定进行。 The cycle duration prescribed, in accordance with EN 60068-2-11:1999, 7.6 shall be 7 days. 按照EN 60068-2-11:1999中7.6的要求，前述循环持续时间应为7天。 No cleaning of the samples shall be carried out between cycles. 在循环中间不能对样品进行清洁。 8.4.1.5 Test reports 测试报告 The test report shall include the duration of exposure and the concentration and pH of the salt solution. 测试报告要包括暴露持续时间和盐溶液的浓度和PH值。 8.4.2 Gas atmosphere tests 气体环境试验 NOTE 1 Two methods of testing are provided to meet the requirements of the gas atmosphere test. The first, Method 1, is based on the test procedure that has been used for many years in some countries. These countries have gained experience of both the procedures and outcomes of the test. The second, Method 2 is provided as an alternative as it requires a less complicated test environment and is based on ASTM G85. 备注1，这里提供了两个试验方法一满足气体环境试验的要求。方法1 基于一些国家已经使用多年的试验步 骤。这些国家在试验步骤和结果上有丰富的经验。方法2因为对试验环境的要求没有那么复杂，基于ASTM G85，因此就作为一种替换方法 NOTE 2 This test may be necessary for accessories that are used in areas subjected to heavy industrial pollution. 备注2，这个试验对将用在重度工业污染的地区的附件来说十分必要。 8.4.2.1 Gas atmosphere test (Method 1) 气体环境试验(方法1) A justification of the tests is given in Annex A. 试验的理由见附录A。 8.4.2.1.1 Principle 原理 This test exposes samples to a humidity-saturated atmosphere rich with sulphur dioxide (initial concentration SO2: 0,066 7 % (667 parts per million by volume)) with defined conditions of temperature and pressure. 本试验中，把试验样品暴露在温度和压力条件特定、二氧化硫浓度为0.0667%(每百万体积中含667部分) 并且饱和湿度的气体环境中。 8.4.2.1.2 Test equipment 试验设备 The samples and supports shall be installed in a hermetic test chamber, with a humidity-saturated atmosphere in the presence of sulphur dioxide. 把试验样品和支架安装在封闭的湿度饱和的二氧化硫试验箱中。 This test chamber shall be made of inert material. The test shall be made in accordance with EN ISO 3231. 试验箱的材料要为惰性材料，按照EN ISO 3231的要求进行试验。 8.4.2.1.3 Preparation of SO2 atmosphere 二氧化硫气体的准备 After closing the chamber, sulphur dioxide (concentration = 0,066 7 %) shall be introduced from either a 8/30 EN 50483-6: 2009 gas bottle or using a specific reaction in the chamber as described in Annex B. 在关闭试验箱后，从气瓶中或采用附录B描述的特殊反应引入二氧化硫(浓度为0.0667%)。 8.4.2.1.4 Procedure 步骤 Each period, or basic module, shall comprise a weekly sequence. 每个阶段，或基本的模块，都由一个一 周的顺序组成。 7 cycles of 24 h (168 h total), each cycle includes an 8 h exposure with saturated humidity and high sulphur dioxide atmosphere (a total exposure of 56 h), and a 16 h exposure at the laboratory atmosphere (a total exposure of 112 h). 7个24小时的循环(共168小时)，每个循环包括8小时暴露在饱和湿度与高二氧化硫气体(共暴露56小时) 和16小时的实验室气体环境中(共112小时)。 NOTE Exposure to laboratory atmosphere may be achieved by opening the chamber door. It is the intention of this phase to allow clean air to circulate around the test samples. 备注，可以用打开试验箱门的方法来达到暴露在实验室气体的效果。这一部的目的是使清新空气围绕试验样 品流通。 During the 8 h period, the temperature is raised to (40 , 3) ?C. During the 16 h period the chamber remains at ambient temperature and finally the water and sulphur dioxide atmosphere is renewed to the concentration as specified in 8.4.2.1.3. 在8小时阶段，将温度升高到(40?3)?。在16小时阶段，将试验箱保持在环境温度，最后将水和二氧化 硫气体的浓度更新到8.4.2.1.3规定的条件。 8.4.2.1.5 Cleaning 清洗 When the specimens are exposed successively to a neutral salt spray and then to a humidity saturated atmosphere with sulphur dioxide, the procedure shall be 试验样品要连续暴露在中性盐雾，然后饱和湿度的二氧化硫气体中，其步骤为: - 7 cycles of 24 h in salt, 7个24小时的盐雾中循环; - no cleaning, 不许清洗 - 7 cycles of 24 h in sulphur dioxide, 7个24小时的二氧化硫循环; - cleaning in accordance with 8.3. 按照8.3的要求进行清洗。 8.4.2.2 Gas atmosphere test (Method 2) 气体环境试验(方法2) 8.4.2.2.1 Procedure 步骤 The test samples shall be subjected to a cyclic corrosion test consisting of 1 h period of drying and 1 h period of fog. The test shall consist of 500 cycles (1 000 h). The fog period shall be at ambient temperature, while the drying time shall be at a higher temperature. 对试验样品进行1小时干燥和1小时雾的循环腐蚀试验。共进行500个循环(1000小时)。雾阶段的温度为环 境温度，而干燥的温度要稍高。 NOTE Experience indicates that longer cycle times may produce slower degradation. 备注，据经验可知，循环的时间越长，老化就会越慢。 8.4.2.2.2 Test equipment 试验设备 The apparatus for salt spray (fog) testing consists of a fog chamber, a salt solution reservoir, a supply of suitable conditioned compressed air, one or more atomising nozzles, specimen supports, provision for heating the chamber, and necessary means of control. The size and detailed construction of the cabinet are optional, provided the conditions obtained meet the requirements of this standard. The material of construction shall be such that it will not be affected by the corrosiveness of the fog. The chamber shall be designed so that drops of solution that accumulate on the ceiling or cover of the chamber do not fall on the specimen being tested. The nozzle or nozzles shall be directed so that none of the spray can impinge directly on the test specimen. 盐雾试验仪器由雾试验箱、盐溶液收集器、调整适当的空气压缩机、一个或多个自动喷嘴、支撑架、加热试 9/30 EN 50483-6: 2009 验箱的附件和必要的控制设备。只要得到的条件能满足要求，试验箱的尺寸和详细结构可以任选。箱体的结 构材料不能和雾的腐蚀性影响。试验箱的设计不能使箱顶聚集的溶液水滴滴落在试验样品上。调整喷嘴的方 向不要使喷出的液体直接喷在样品上。 The solution shall not be recycled. 溶液不能循环使用。 8.4.2.2.3 Atomisation and quantity of fog 雾化和雾的量 At least two clean fog collectors shall be placed within the exposure zone so that drops of solution from the test specimen or any other source are not collected. The collectors shall be positioned in the proximity of the specimens, one near to a nozzle and the other, as far as possible from all nozzles. It shall be secured so that, for each 80 cm? of horizontal collecting area, fog accumulates in each collector at a rate between 1,0 ml to 2,0 ml of solution per hour, based on an average run of at least 16 h continuous spray. 在暴露区至少放置两个雾收集器，注意不要使样品上或其他来源的溶液滴落在收集器里。将一个收集器放在 距离样品很近的地方，而另一个收集器要放置在尽最大可能远离样品的地方。放置的效果要使收集器在每 280cm的水平区域上收集到的雾聚集量为每小时1.0到2.0毫升(至少持续16小时喷雾的平均收集量)。 NOTE Suitable collecting devices are glass funnels with the stems inserted through stoppers into graduated cylinders or crystallising dishes. Funnels and dishes with a diameter of 100 mm have an area of about 80 cm?. 3备注，插进量筒的带开关的玻璃漏斗是最合适的收集设备。直径为100mm的漏斗面积大约为80cm. 8.4.2.2.4 Salt solution 盐溶液 The salt solution shall consist of 0,05 % sodium chloride (NaCl) and 0,35 % ammonium sulphate (NH)(SO) by mass. The water shall be distilled or de-ionised water. The sodium chloride shall be 424 substantially free of nickel and copper and shall contain, on the dry basis, not more than 0,1 % of sodium iodide and not more than 0,3 % of total impurities. The ammonium sulphate shall contain not more than 0,3 % total impurities. Some salts contain additives that may act as corrosion inhibitors; careful attention shall be given to the chemical content of the salt. 盐溶液由质量比为0.05%的氯化钠和0.35%的硫酸铵组成。水为蒸馏水或去离子水。氯化钠中不含镍和铜， 在干燥条件下包含不超过0.1%的碘化钠和不超过0.3%的杂质。硫酸铵中的杂质不超过0.3%。一些盐中含有 可能会抑制腐蚀的添加剂，要特别注意盐中的这些化学成分。 The pH of the collected solution shall be between 5,0 and 5,4. 收集到的溶液的pH值要在5.0到5.4之间。 8.4.2.2.5 Air supply 空气供应 The compressed air supply to the nozzle or nozzles, for atomising the salt solution, shall be free of oil and dirt and maintain the air supply between 70 kPa and 170 kPa. 供给喷嘴以雾化盐溶液的压缩空气不能含油和灰尘，把压缩空气保持在70千帕到170千帕之间。 8.4.2.2.6 Procedure 步骤 The test shall consist of cycles of a 1 h drying period and a 1 h fog period. The electrolyte shall be a solution of sodium chloride and ammonium sulphate. The fog period shall be performed at ambient temperature, while the drying-off shall be at higher temperature. The solution atomising air shall not be saturated with water. 试验由1小时干燥阶段和1小时雾阶段组成。电解液应为氯化钠和硫酸铵的溶液。雾阶段在环境温度下进行， 而干燥的温度可以稍高。雾化溶液的空气不能含水。 During the fog period, no heating shall be applied to the cabinet. The fog exposure shall be at (24 , 3) :C. During the drying-off period the temperature throughout the exposure zone shall reach and remain at (35 , 2) :C within 45 min of switching from the fog period to the dry period. The drying-off shall be achieved by purging the chamber with fresh air so that within 45 min all visible moisture shall be dried off the specimen. Humidified air shall not be used for drying. 在雾阶段，不要对试验箱进行加热。温度为(24?3)?。在干燥阶段，暴露区域的温度要在从雾阶段转换 到干燥阶段的45分钟内达到并保持在(35?2)?。干燥时用新鲜空气对试验箱进行换气，在45分钟内使所 10/30 EN 50483-6: 2009 有可见的湿气从样品上干燥掉。不能用潮湿空气进行干燥。 NOTE As the specimen cycles from wet to dry it is subjected to a range of solution concentration varying from dilute during the fog period to very concentrated just before the water dries off completely. 备注，因为样品从湿到干进行循环，所以要在从雾阶段的稀释到水完全干燥之前的非常浓之间变化的一系列 浓度的溶液里进行反应。 8.4.2.2.7 Cleaning 清洗 There shall be no cleaning of the test samples between the test cycles. 试验循环之间不许对试验样品进行清洗。 At completion of the test the samples shall be cleaned in accordance with 8.3. 试验完成时按照8.3的要求清洗样品。 8.4.3 Immersion tests (optional) 沉浸试验(可选) NOTE Two test methods are provided to allow for the different climatic conditions encountered in service. Method 1 is provided to cater for severe salt pollution e.g. western coast of UK. Method 2 simulates a severely corrosive atmosphere e.g. near heavy industry. 备注，提供了对在实际使用中遇到的不同气候条件的两种试验方法。 8.4.3.1 Immersion test (Method 1) 沉浸试验(方法1) 8.4.3.1.1 Principle 原理 For saline polluted areas an optional additional test shall be carried out when this is agreed between the customer and the supplier. In order to minimise testing, when agreed, this test shall be carried out during the mandatory heat cycle tests as provided in EN 50483-5. 在购销双方经过协商的情况下，进行可选附加试验。为将试验简化，经协商后可在EN 50483-5规定的强制 热循环试验里进行本试验。 8.4.3.1.2 Test arrangement 试验安排 This shall be, generally, in accordance with EN 50483-5, 5.2 but in particular the test circuit, as described in EN 50483-5, 5.2.1, shall be modified to allow the samples to be fully immersed in a saline solution during the heat cycle. 通常按照EN 50483-5中5.2的规定，但是在EN 50483-5的5.2.1特别规定的试验回路中，要进行修改以允许 样品完全浸入热循环里的含盐溶液中。 The saline solution shall be maintained at 29,22 g/l (approximately 3 % of mass) concentration of NaCl throughout the test. 整个试验阶段，含盐溶液要保持在氯化钠为29,22 g/l(质量比约为3%)的浓度。 NOTE 1 A practical arrangement is to place the test samples in a tank and pump the saline solution from a reservoir below. The tank can then be drained back into the reservoir after the required immersion period. 备注1，采用的试验安排是把样品放在水箱里，从下方的水池注入含盐溶液。在所需的沉浸阶段后，将水排 回水池。 NOTE 2 The test loop may be arranged so that the samples, but not the measurement points, are immersed in the saline solution. Figure 1 shows a typical arrangement. 备注2，试验回路的安排要使样品(不是测量点)浸入在含盐溶液里。图1为典型的安排。 11/30 EN 50483-6: 2009 Key 1 potential points 电势点 2 cable core 电缆芯线 3 connector 连接器 4 salt water 盐水 Figure 1 – Suggested arrangement for connections – Optional immersion test Method 1 图1 – 连接器的建议安排 – 可选沉浸试验 方法1 8.4.3.1.3 Procedure 步骤 The procedure shall, generally, be in accordance with EN 50483-5, 5.2, 5.3, 5.4 and 5.5. 步骤通常要符合EN 50483-5的5.2、5.3、5.4和5.5的要求。 However, in particular, the subsequent heat cycles defined in EN 50483-5, 5.5.2 shall be modified to include the immersion of the samples. 但是，在特殊情况下，EN 50483-5中5.5.2规定的随后的热循环要进行修改以把样品的沉浸试验包括进去。 Immersion of the test samples shall occur on completion of period t and they shall be fully immersed for a 1 minimum period of 5 min. The time of immersion shall be considered part of the cooling period t2. Periods, t and t, are shown in EN 50483-5, Figure 3. 12 在t1阶段完成后进行试验样品的沉浸试验，将样品完全浸入至少5分钟。浸入的时间会作为冷却阶段t的一部2 分。t 和t见EN 50483-5的图3。 12 8.4.3.1.4 Assessment of results 结果的评估 The assessment, of the samples, shall be carried out in accordance with EN 50483-5, 5.5.4. 按照EN 50483-5的5.5.4规定对样品进行评估。 8.4.3.1.5 Requirements 要求 The samples shall meet the requirements of EN 50483-5, 5.6. 样品要满足EN 50483-5中5.6的要求。 8.4.3.2 Immersion test (Method 2) 沉浸试验(方法2) 8.4.3.2.1 Principle 原理 This test reproduces the stresses on organic materials due to corrosive environments. 试验重现腐蚀环境对有机材料造成的应力。 This test shall be carried out within the climatic ageing test (Method 1) of 8.5.1, after the completion of 12/30 EN 50483-6: 2009 Period C and before Period D. 在C阶段完成后D阶段开始前，8.5.1规定的气候老化试验内进行本试验。 8.4.3.2.2 Test arrangement 试验安排 The samples shall be those tested in Period C of climatic ageing tests. 在进行过C阶段气候老化试验的样品上进行试验。 The acid solution for the test shall contain HSO, HNO and HCl dissolved in distilled water in order to 243 obtain a pH value equal to 2. The following table reports the quantities of the above components. 为得到pH值为2的酸溶液，可将硫酸、硝酸和盐酸溶解在蒸馏水中。如下表格为以上成分的含量。 Table 1 – Quantities for acid solution components 表1 – 酸溶液成分的量 a bAcid 酸度 Quantity mg 量 毫克 HSOat 98 % 98%的硫酸 245 24 HNO at 90 % 90%的硝酸 315 3 HCl at 37 % 37%的盐酸 50 a % in mass. 质量百分比 b Mass per litre of distilled water. 每升蒸馏水的质量 The temperature of the acid solution shall be (45 , 3) ?C. 酸溶液的温度为(45?3)?。 8.4.3.2.3 Procedure 步骤 The acidity of the solution shall be checked before the immersion of the samples. 在浸入样品前检查溶液的酸度。 The tests samples shall be completely immersed in the acid solution for a duration time of 23 h. 将试验样品完全浸入酸溶液23小时。 The solution shall be changed if the pH is greater than or equal to 2,5. 如果pH值大于或等于2.5，要将酸溶液换掉。 8.4.3.2.4 Requirements 要求 This test has no specific requirements as it forms a part of climatic test Method 1, 8.5.1. 只要能组成8.5.1中的气候试验方法1的一部分，试验没有特别的要求。 8.5 Climatic ageing test 气候老化试验 Method 1 or Method 2 shall be used. 采用方法1或方法2。 NOTE Two methods of testing are provided to meet the requirements of the climatic ageing test and provide for the use of available test equipment. The first, Method 1, is based on the test procedure, which has been used in some countries, for a number of years, and experience has been gained of both the procedures and outcomes of the test. This is based on a test method included in HD 626. The second, Method 2 has also been used in some countries with similarly successful experience and is provided as an alternative. It is based on EN 60068-2-5. 备注，为满足气候老化试验的要求，这里提供了两个试验方法和合适试验设备的使用方法。首先，方法1基 于的试验在一些国家已经进行了好多年并步骤和结果方面积累了可观的经验。其试验方法在HD626有所规 定。其次，方法2也在许多国家使用并积累了相似的成功经验，这里用作备选试验方法。其基础是EN 60068-2-5。 8.5.1 Method 1 方法1 8.5.1.1 Principle 原理 The test subjects samples to a combined cycle of climatic constraints: ultraviolet radiation, humidity, water spray and temperature extremes. 试验样品要进行气候限制的组合循环:紫外线照射、湿度、喷雾和温度极限。 Test conditions have been derived with the aim of reproducing normal service conditions. 13/30 EN 50483-6: 2009 试验条件模拟正常使用条件。 This test shall be carried out in a single chamber or in separated chambers only for the climatic constraints at low temperature. 只在低温气候条件下，才在单独或隔离的试验箱内进行本试验。 The test conditions and test equipment detailed in 8.5.1.2 and 8.5.1.3 are interdependent. Any modification of parameters could affect the consistency of the test results. 8.5.1.2和8.5.1.3里规定的试验条件和试验设备是相互依赖的。对参数的任何修改都会影响到试验结果的一致 性。 NOTE Other arrangements that provide ultraviolet radiation, humidity, rain and temperature extremes that use developed testing technology may be agreed between customer and supplier. 备注，购销双方要经过协商确定提供紫外线、湿度、喷雾和湿度极限等采用先进试验技术的其他安排。 8.5.1.2 Test equipment 试验设备 NOTE Annex D (informative) provides a typical test equipment specification. 备注，附录D(参考标准)给出了典型的试验设备规格。 8.5.1.2.1 Source of light beam 光源 The light source shall produce a spectrum that is as close as possible to the solar spectrum at ground level. This spectrum shall be consistent throughout the test and the energy absorbed, by the samples, shall be determined with a black standard thermometer, which shall measure the temperature rise created by the light source. 光源发出的光要尽量接近地面上的日光光谱条件，试验过程中光谱要保持一致。用黑色标准温度计根据光源 造成的温升来测定样品接收到的能量 Temperature values shall be maintained between the values given in 8.5.1.3.4 by natural ventilation of the chamber. 通过对箱体自然通风使温度保持在8.5.1.3.4规定的值之间。 Control and measurement shall be in accordance with 8.5.1.3. 按照8.5.1.3的规定进行控制和测量。 8.5.1.2.2 Test chamber 试验箱 The test chamber (see informative Figure D.1) shall contain a rotating sample rack. A system of ventilation shall produce air circulation around the samples in order to reduce the rise of surface temperature. 试验箱(见图D.1)要包含可以旋转的样品支架。通风系统使空气在样品周围流通，以减少表面温度的上升。 The distance between the samples and lamp shall be adapted to the power of this lamp. The arrangement shall be such so that the energy of lighting received by the samples does not vary by more than ? 15 % from the mean value E defined in 8.5.1.3.1. m 根据灯的功率调整样品和灯之间的距离。方法为样品上接收到的光照能量的变动不超过8.5.1.3.1规定的平均 值E的?15%。 m To ensure consistent and equal exposure of the samples the rack shall be rotated around the lamp. The speed of rotation of the rack shall be between 1 turn/min and 5 turns/min. The orientation of the samples shall be such that the same face is maintained towards the light source throughout the rotation of the rack. 为了保证样品的暴露均匀一致，可将支架围绕灯旋转。旋转的速率为每分钟1到5圈。在支架旋转的过程中要 使样品的同一面始终朝向光源。 8.5.1.2.3 Black standard thermometer 黑色标准温度计 A black standard thermometer shall be used to measure the temperature within the chamber. 在试验箱里用黑色标准温度计测量温度。 It shall be placed at the same distance from the lamp as the samples under test. Its orientation shall be such that the centre of the plate is vertically aligned with the centre of the lamp. The darkened metallic 14/30 EN 50483-6: 2009 surface of the thermometer shall face the lamp. 将温度计放在和样品离灯同样远的距离。其方向是板中心与灯的中心垂直对齐。变黑的温度计金属表面要朝 向灯。 8.5.1.2.4 Sprinkler device 喷淋设备 Sprinkling shall be carried out by one or several rain injectors, allowing the spraying of the front face of every sample with approximately 50? angle of rain, the outflow of each sprinkler unit shall be between 15 l/h and 25 l/h. The sprinklers shall be assembled vertically above each other and shall be fed with water whose resistivity shall be greater than or equal to 0,1 MΩ.cm (conductivity less than or equal to 0,001 S/m). The period of spraying shall be for 3 min and the interval between spraying (dry period) shall be 17 min. NOTE 1 The temperature of the spray water should be between 10 ?C and 30 ?C. 用一个或多个喷头进行喷淋，使样品的前面的喷雾大约成50度角。每个喷头单位的流速约为每小时15到25 升。喷头互相垂直安装，所用的水的电阻要大于或等于0.1 MΩ.cm(导电性小于或等于0.001 S/m)。喷雾的 时长3分钟，喷淋之间的间隔为17分钟。 备注1，喷雾的温度在10到30?之间。 NOTE 2 The arrangement is shown in informative Figure D.1. The sprinkling system may incorporate recycling of the spray water. However if this method is employed it should ensure that the water does not become contaminated before it is reused for spraying. 备注2，安排见图D.1。喷淋系统可以包含喷淋水的回收利用。但是如果采用此方法，就要保证水在再次用于 喷淋时不能被污染。 8.5.1.3 Controls and measurements of the test parameters 试验参数的控制和测量 8.5.1.3.1 Light beam source 光源 The light beam shall be produced by a cylindrical lamp with a xenon arc and shall be modified by associated filters. The filters shall eliminate wavelengths lower than 270 nm, in order to provide, at ground level, a spectrum close to that of the solar spectrum, (typically with wavelengths above 290 nm). (Normally, there are two filters, one inner quartz filter and an outer borosilicate filter). 用氙弧灯管来产生光束，并用适配过滤器来得到所需的光。过滤器要能去除波长小于270纳米的光，以提供 地面上接近日光的条件(特别是波长大于290纳米的光)。(通常，有两个过滤器，一个内部石英过滤器和 一个外部硼硅酸盐过滤器)。 The characteristics of the optical filters will change with use, both because of ageing and accretion of deposits. In order to maintain the necessary luminous characteristics they shall be cleaned or replaced at convenient intervals. 因老化和沉淀的增加，光学过滤器的性能会改变。为保持必需的光亮性能，要定期清洁或更换。 The xenon lamps also undergo ageing which produces a reduction of the energy intensity in the ultraviolet domain. To minimise the effects of this ageing, it is necessary to increase the current supplying the lamp in order to maintain the energy flow, emitted in a band of the ultraviolet spectrum from 300 nm to 400 nm, at a constant level. 在紫外线范围内时间长了，氙灯也会老化，造成能量强度的减弱。为将 老化的影响降至最低，需要增大氙 灯的电流来保持能量，发出光谱在300到400纳米的紫外光束。 This increase of the current modifies the global energy emitted by the lamp and, consequently, the energy received at the surface of the samples. The temperature shall be controlled by a black-standard thermometer (see 8.5.1.2.3), placed in the enclosure and exposed to the light beam. The enclosure shall be adequately ventilated to ensure that this temperature remains between the values specified in 8.5.1.3.4 and that the lamp shall be replaced when the global energy, that it radiates, becomes too high. 电流的增加会改变氙灯发出的总能量，因此也会改变样品表面接收到的能量。用放置在试验箱里暴露在光束 下的黑色标准温度计来控制温度(见8.5.1.2.3)。试验箱要足够通风以保证这个温度能保持在8.5.1.3.4规定 的值范围内，也要保证如果灯发出的总能量过高，就要换新灯。 15/30 EN 50483-6: 2009 The radiation energy of the lamp shall be controlled in a dry atmosphere (the relative humidity of air RH ? 50 %). Using a radiometer the radiation shall be checked before the start of each conditioning A period. NOTE 1 It is recommended that measurements of radiation be made at least 30 s after the lamp is turned on. 在干燥的环境下控制灯的辐射能量(空气相对湿度?50%)。在开始每一个调整A阶段前，用辐射计检查辐 射。 备注1，建议开灯后至少30秒测量辐射。 The radiometer shall be used to adjust the electric power supply of the lamp. The radiometer, fitted with a diffuser, shall have a bandwidth of 300 nm < λ1 < λ2 < 400 nm where λ1 and λ2, are its limit values. Energy control shall be carried out at an ambient temperature of (23 ? 3) ?C. 用辐射计调整灯的电力供应。安装有扩散器的辐射计的波长为300 nm < 1 < 2 < 400 nm，其中1和2是λλλλ 极限值。 The radiometer shall be placed at the same distance from the lamp as the test samples and shall be positioned so that its centre of the sensor is aligned with the centre of the lamp. For a given adjustment of the power of the lamp, the angular positioning of the radiometer shall be adjusted so that it gives the maximum reading of the value of radiated energy. 将辐射计放置在样品离灯同样远的距离，使其传感器的中心与灯的中心对齐。对于已经调整好的灯的功率， 可以调整辐射计的角定位以使其能产生辐射能量的最大读数。 NOTE 2 These operations present some risks related to the operators’ health, so safety procedures should be implemented to avoid any danger during testing and calibration. 备注2，这些操作对操作人员的健康存在风险，所以要采取安全措施以避免试验和校正过程中的危险。 The power supply of the lamp shall be adjusted in order to achieve an average value of radiation energy of 4,3 mW/cm2 ? 15 %. This energy, Em, shall be the total energy of radiation from the spectrum between 300 nm to 400 nm. 2调整灯的电力供应以达到4,3 mW/cm ? 15 %的辐射能量的平均值。这个能量E就是光谱在300到400纳米m 的光的辐射总能量。 8.5.1.3.2 Calibration of the radiometers 辐射计的校正 The radiometers shall be calibrated so that they provide (if necessary by use of a conversion factor) the total radiation energy, across the spectrum, used in these tests. 校准辐射计，使其发出本试验中采用的总辐射能量(如有必要，使用转换系数)。 Further information on the calibration of radiometers may be found in informative Annex D. 更多关于辐射计的校正信息见附录D。 8.5.1.3.3 Relative humidity 相对湿度 The relative humidity (RH) of the air circulating in the test chamber shall be maintained within the limit of the values specified for each conditioning period and controlled by a suitable instrument protected from the radiation energy of the lamp. 本试验箱中流通的空气相对湿度(RH)要保持在由每个调节阶段规定、用合适的仪器保护免受灯的辐射的 极限值内。 8.5.1.3.4 Temperatures 温度 The temperature (θ) of the chamber at the position of the samples shall be measured with a probe E protected from the radiation energy of the lamp. 用被保护着免受灯辐射的探针来测定样品位置试验箱的温度(θ)。 E 16/30 EN 50483-6: 2009 The temperature measured by the black standard thermometer (θ), (see informative Figure D.1), shall be between the two following limiting values: 用黑色标准温度计(θ)(见附录D.1)测定的温度要在下述两个值的范围内: θ + 15 K < θ <θ + 20 K EE wherever it is positioned along the sample rack. 无论在哪里都要沿着样品支架定位。 The readings shall be made after sufficient time to allow the temperature of the plate to become stabilised. The arrangement can be seen in informative Figure D.1. 在板的温度稳定足够长的时间后开始读数。安排见附录D.1。 If the thermometer is positioned in a different location, the acceptable limiting values of temperature at the thermometer’s position shall be determined by a preliminary calibration so that the ranges of temperatures comply with those indicated above. The surface quality of the black panel (absence of deposits, separation of painting and/or the probe) shall be checked once per week. 如果温度计放在其他不同的地方，那么可以用初步校正来测定温度计位置上的可接受的温度极限值，以使温 度范围符合上述值。每周检查一次黑色板的表面质量(没有沉淀、涂层和/或探针的分离)。 The temperature of the black standard thermometer shall be maintained in the range prescribed above by adjustment of the internal ventilation of the enclosure. 通过调整试验箱内的内部通风设备将黑色标准温度计的温度保持在上述范围内。 When the temperature (θ) exceeds the prescribed upper limit, the lamp shall be replaced. 温度(θ)超过上述上限值时，要更换灯管。 8.5.1.4 Procedure 步骤 The whole test consists of a number, n, of identical weekly cycles, which are defined below. 整个试验由n个相同的周期组成，下面有定义。 The number of cycles, n, shall be specified in the relevant part of this standard. 本标准的相关章节规定了循环的数量n。 Every seven day cycle (see informative Figure 2), shall include four periods carried out in accordance with the procedures below and in the following order: 每一个7天的循环(见图2)包括按照下面步骤和顺序进行的4个阶段: NOTE Important observations: 备注，重要的观察值: The control of the temperature of the black standard thermometer (see 8.5.1.2.3) placed in the chamber is necessary to avoid abnormal heating of the surface of samples in test. 放置在试验箱里的黑色标准温度计的温度控制(见8.5.1.2.3)对避免试验样品表面的异常受热是很必要的。 During spraying, the temperature and relative humidity limits will not be achieved. 在喷淋的过程中，将达不到温度和相对湿度极限。 Seven-day cycle 7天的循环 Change from ambient temperature to 70 ?C before the start of period A: time 1 h with exposure to radiation. A阶段开始之前从环境温度到70?的变化:暴露在辐射下时间1小时。 Period A - time 70 h A阶段- 时间70小时 exposure to radiation 暴露在辐射下 relative humidity RH?30 %, without spraying 相对湿度RH?30%，不喷淋 17/30 EN 50483-6: 2009 temperature of chamber (θ), maintained at one of the following values: E 试验箱的温度(θ)，保持在下述值之一: E 70 ?C ? 2 ?C 55 ?C ? 2 ?C The value of this temperature is specified in the relevant part of this standard or with agreement between customer and manufacturer. 这个温度值在本标准相关章节会有规定，或经过购销双方的协商。 Transition between Period A and Period B: time 1 h with exposure to radiation A阶段和B阶段之间的过渡:暴露在辐射下1小时。 Period B - time 23 h B阶段 – 时间23小时 exposure to radiation 暴露在辐射下 humidity: 60 % RH ? 10 % RH with 69 cycles of sprinkling for 20 min, which consists of 17 min without sprinkling followed by 3 min of sprinkling 湿度:60% RH ? 10 % RH 69个20分钟的喷淋循环，每个循环由17分钟的无喷淋+3分钟的喷淋组成 temperature of chamber θ= 55 ?C ? 2 ?C E 试验箱温度θ= 55 ?C ? 2 ?C E Transition between Period B and Period C: time 1 h with exposure to radiation B阶段和C阶段之间的过渡:暴露在辐射下1小时。 Period C - time 23 h C阶段 – 时间23小时 exposure to radiation 暴露在辐射下 relative humidity RH,30 % with 69 cycles of sprinkling of 20 min, which consists of 17 min without sprinkling followed by 3 min of sprinkling 湿度:RH?30 % 69个20分钟的喷淋循环，每个循环由17分钟的无喷淋+3分钟的喷淋组成 NOTE In case of using 70 ?C for Period C, humidity control is not needed but should be recorded for information. 备注，如果C阶段采用70?，就无需湿度控制，但是要记录备查。 temperature of chamber (θ), maintained at one of the values indicated for the Period A E 试验箱的温度(θ)，保持在A阶段规定的两个值之一。 E Transition between Period C and Period D: time 1 h with exposure to radiation C阶段和D阶段之间的过渡:暴露在辐射下1小时。 Period D - time 46 h D阶段 – 时间46小时 exposure in wet heat, without radiation 湿热暴露，无辐射 humidity: 95 % RH ? 5 % RH, with cycles of sprinkling of 20 min, which consists of 17 min without sprinkling followed by 3 min of sprinkling when the chamber temperature is 55 ?C 湿度:95 % RH ? 5 % RH，试验箱温度55?时，每循环20分钟，其中17分钟无喷淋，随即是3分钟的喷淋。 temperature of chamber θ = 55 ?C ? 2 ?C E 试验箱温度:(55?2)?。 During this period, there are 4 changes of temperature from 55 ?C to θ = -25 ?C ? 2 ?C (see diagram in E Figure 2): 在这个阶段里，共有从55?到(-25?2)?4次温度变化(见图2的图示)。 maintaining at +55 ?C ? 2 ?C during 1 h with sprinkling cycles 保持在(55?2)?1小时，喷淋; transition +55 ?C ? 2 ?C -25 ?C ? 2 ?C in 15 min; the transition shall be gradual and without sprinkling cycles 温度在15分钟内从(55??2)?到(-25?2)?渐变，无喷淋; maintaining at -25 ?C ? 2 ?C for 1 h without sprinkling cycles? 18/30 EN 50483-6: 2009 保持在(-25?2)?1小时，无喷淋 transition -25 ?C ? 2 ?C +55 ?C ? 2 ?C in 1 h; the transition shall be gradual and without sprinkling cycles 温度在15分钟内从(-25??2)?到(55?2)?渐变，无喷淋; maintaining at +55 ?C ? 2 ?C for 1 h with sprinkling cycles 温度保持在(55?2)?1小时，喷淋; transition +55 ?C ? 2 ?C -25 ?C ? 2 ?C in 15 min; the transition shall be gradual and without sprinkling cycles 温度在15分钟内从(55??2)?到(-25?2)?渐变，无喷淋; maintaining at -25 ?C ? 2 ?C for 1 h without sprinkling cycles 保持在(-25?2)?1小时，无喷淋 transition -25 ?C ? 2 ?C +55 ?C ? 2 ?C in 1 h; the transition shall be gradual and without sprinkling cycles 温度在1小时内从(-25??2)?到(55?2)?渐变，无喷淋; maintaining at +55 ?C ? 2 ?C for 17 h 30 min with sprinkling cycles 温度保持在(55?2)?17小时30分钟，喷淋; transition +55 ?C ? 2 ?C -25 ?C ? 2 ?C in 15 min; the transition shall be gradual and without sprinkling cycles 温度在15分钟内从(55??2)?到(-25?2)?渐变，无喷淋; maintaining at -25 ?C ? 2 ?C for 1 h without sprinkling cycles 保持在(-25?2)?1小时，无喷淋 transition -25 ?C ? 2 ?C +55 ?C ? 2 ?C in 1 h; the transition shall be gradual and without sprinkling cycles 温度在1小时内从(-25??2)?到(55?2)?渐变，无喷淋; maintaining at +55 ?C ? 2 ?C for 1 h with sprinkling cycles 温度保持在(55?2)?1小时，喷淋; transition +55 ?C ? 2 ?C -25 ?C ? 2 ?C in 15 min; the transition shall be gradual and without sprinkling cycles 温度在15分钟内从(55??2)?到(-25?2)?渐变，无喷淋; maintaining at -25 ?C ? 2 ?C for 1 h without sprinkling cycles 保持在(-25?2)?1小时，无喷淋 transition -25 ?C ? 2 ?C +55 ?C ? 2 ?C in 1 h; the transition shall be gradual and without sprinkling cycles 温度在1小时内从(-25??2)?到(55?2)?渐变，无喷淋; maintaining at +55 ?C ? 2 ?C for 16 h 30 min with sprinkling cycles 温度保持在(55?2)?16小时30分钟，喷淋; Transition from Period D to ambient temperature: time 1 h 温度从D阶段过渡到环境温度:时间1小时; Maintaining at ambient temperature: time 1 h 保持在环境温度:时间1小时 Information that is specified in the relevant parts of the standard: 本标准相关章节规定的信息: a) location and orientation with respect to the lamp; a)灯的位置和方向; b) number of weekly cycles; b) 周循环的数量; c) value of the temperature for the Periods A and C. c)A阶段和C阶段的温度值 19/30 EN 50483-6: 2009 Key 1 Day 1 10 am 9 Day 1 9 am 2 Day 4 9 am 10 RH ? 30 % 3 Day 5 9 am 11 RH = 60% sprinkling喷淋 4 Day 6 9 am 12 RH?30%sprinkling喷淋 5 Day 6 11 am 13 RH=95%sprinkling喷淋 6 Day 6 4.30 pm X Elapsed time(h) 经过的时间 7 Day 7 10 am Y Cabinet temperature θ (?C) 环境温度 E 8 Day 7 3.30 pm Figure 2 – Informative diagram of the conditioning cycle –Weekly cycle 图2 – 调节循环的图示 – 周循环 Temperature of enclosure (70 ?C or 55 ?C) specified in the relevant part of the standard or other temperature chosen with agreement between customer and manufacturer. 本标准里相关章节规定的或选定的其他的试验箱温度要经过购销双方的协商。 The prescriptions of the relative humidity in % as well as those of the cycles of sprinkling are valid only for the +55 ?C periods. 以百分数表示的相对湿度和喷淋循环的规定仅适用于55?的阶段。 The given schedule is as an example. 范例见给出的安排表。 8.5.2 Method 2 (to EN 60068-2-5) 方法2(EN 60068-2-5) NOTE Intending users of this test are directed to the health hazards associated with tests of this nature and should therefore read Clause 9 of EN 60068-2-9:1999. 备注，要指导本试验的目标使用人员知悉与本试验相关的有害健康的危险，要细读EN 60068-2-9:1999的 第9章节。 8.5.2.1 Principle 原理 To determine the effects (thermal, mechanical, chemical, electrical, etc.) produced on equipment and components as a result of exposure to solar radiation under the conditions experienced at the surface of 20/30 EN 50483-6: 2009 the earth. 为测定暴露在地球表面的日光辐射里的设备和部件的影响(热、机械、化学、电力等方面)。 8.5.2.2 Test equipment 试验设备 The enclosure in which the tests are to be carried out shall be provided with means for obtaining, over the 2prescribed irradiation measurement plane, an irradiance of 1.120kW/m?10% with the spectral distribution 2given in Table 2. The value of 1.120kW/m shall include any radiation reflected from the test enclosure and received by the samples under test. It should not include long-wave infrared radiation emitted by the test enclosure; see EN 60068-2-9:1999, 6.1. 22进行试验的试验箱要有能在规定辐射测量面上测出表2给出的1.120 kW/m?10%的波谱分布。1.120kW/m 的值包括从试验箱内壁反射回来和样品接收到的辐射。但是不包括试验箱发出的长波红外辐射，见EN 60068-2-9:1999的6.1. NOTE 1 Where only the thermal effects of solar radiation are of interest see EN 60068-2-9:1999, 2.2 and 2.3. 备注1，如只关注日光辐射的热影响，见EN 60068-2-9:1999的2.2和2.3。 Means shall also be provided whereby the specified conditions of temperature, air flow and humidity can be maintained within the enclosure. 要提供在试验箱里借以达到规定温度、气流和湿度等条件的方式方法。 NOTE 2 Circulation of air may significantly reduce the temperature rise of sample? see EN 60068-2-9:1999, 4.5. 备注2，空气流通可能会明显降低样品的温升，见EN 60068-2-9:1999的4.5。 The temperature within the enclosure shall be measured (with adequate shielding from radiated heat) at a point or points in a horizontal plane 0 mm to 50 mm below the prescribed irradiation measurement plane, at half the distance between the sample under test and the wall of the enclosure, or at 1 m from the sample, whichever is the lesser. 在规定辐射测量面下0到50mm的水平面上的点测量试验箱里的温度(要对温度计提供足够屏蔽避免受辐射 热的影响)，温度计在被测样品和试验箱壁之间距离的中间或者离样品1米，两者取小值。 8.5.2.3 Conditioning 调节 The sample to be tested shall be placed either on raised supports or on a specified substrate of known thermal conductivity and thermal capacity within the enclosure and so spaced from other samples as to avoid shielding from source of radiation or re-radiated heat; see EN 60068-2-9:1999, 4.6. 将被测样品放置在挂起的支架上或者试验箱里已知导热性和热容的底部，样品之间的距离要合理以避免遮挡 住光源或受二次热辐射，见EN 60068-2-9:1999的4.6。 During the entire test, the irradiation, the temperature within the enclosure, the humidity and any other specified environmental conditions shall be maintained at the level appropriate to the test procedure as called for in the relevant part of this standard. 在整个试验中，要将辐射、试验箱内的温度、湿度和任何其他规定环境条件保持在适合试验步骤的本标准相 关章节要求的合理水平 The sample shall be exposed, for the duration called for in the relevant part of this standard, to the following test procedure (see Figure 3). 按照本标准相关章节要求的时长和如下试验步骤，将样品暴露在光源下(见图3)。 8.5.2.4 Procedure 步骤 The whole test consists of a number, n, of identical daily cycles, which are defined below. The number of cycles, n, shall be specified in the relevant part of this standard. 21/30 EN 50483-6: 2009 整个试验包括n个日循环(如下面规定)。循环的数量n在本标准的相关章节有规定。 The duration of each cycle shall be 24 h, with 20 h irradiation and 4 h darkness, repeated as required (this gives a total irradiation of 22,4 kW/m2 per daily cycle). 每个循环的时长都为24小时，其中有20小时的辐射和4小时的黑暗过程，按要求进行重复(也即每个日循环 2都有共22,4 kW/m的辐射量)。 NOTE For further information, see EN 60068-2-9:1999, 3.1 and 3.2. 备注，更多信息见EN 60068-2-9:1999的3.1和3.2。 The temperature shall rise to (55 ? 2) ?C within 2 h of the start of the irradiation period and shall be maintained at this temperature throughout the irradiation period. During the darkness period the temperature within the enclosure shall fall at an approximately linear rate within 2 h and then shall be maintained at (25 ? 2) ?C. 在辐射阶段开始的2小时内温度升高到(55?2)?，整个辐射阶段都保持在这个温度。在黑暗阶段试验箱 里的温度在2小时内直线下降到(25?2)?并保持。 Table 2 – Spectral energy distribution and permitted tolerances 表2 – 波谱能量分布和允许公差 Spectral Ultra-violet Ultra-violet Infra-red region Visible 可见光 aB 紫外线B A紫外线A 红外光 波谱分布 Bandwidth0,28 μm 0,32 μm 0,40 μm 0,52 μm 0,64 μm 0,78 μm 频宽 -0,32 μm -0,40 μm -0,52 μm -0,64 μm -0,78 μm -3,00 μm Irradiance 5 W/m2 63 W/m2 200 W/m2 186 W/m2 174 W/m2 492 W/m2 辐照 Tolerance ? 35 % ? 25 % ? 10 % ? 10 % ? 10 % ? 10 % 公差 a Radiation shorter than 0,30 μm reaching the earth’s surface is insignificant. 达到地球表面短于0.30微米的光线可以忽略。 Key 22/30 EN 50483-6: 2009 1 1 cycle 1个循环 2 irradiation period (20 h) 辐射阶段 3 Y = temperature axis 温度轴 4 X = time axis in hours 时间轴 小时 Figure 3 – Temperature – Radiation – Time relationships 图3 – 温度-辐射-时间关系 23/30 EN 50483-6: 2009 Annex A (informative) Salt mist and gas atmosphere corrosion test justification 附录A(参考标准)盐雾和气体环境腐蚀试验理由 Equipment for aerial networks with bare or insulated cables is subjected to humid and corrosive atmospheres. 带裸或绝缘电缆的架空电网设备会被安装在潮湿和腐蚀性大气中。 When a surface becomes, and remains wet, the two main factors involved in atmosphere corrosiveness are 当表面变潮湿和保持潮湿时，参与到气体环境腐蚀的两个主要因素是: chloride ion, mainly in marine atmosphere, 氯离子，主要存在于海洋大气中， sulphur dioxide, mainly in industrial atmosphere. 二氧化硫，主要存在于工业大气中。 Occasionally, both these factors apply at the same time when there is a mixed marine and industrial atmosphere. 在偶然情况下，如工业和海洋混合大气中，这两种因素也会同时存在。 Moreover, both factors are involved in test procedures defined in ISO standards (TC 156 -Alloys and metals corrosion) for natural atmosphere corrosiveness determination and classification: 此外，对于自然环境腐蚀退化和分类的ISO标准(TC 156–合金和金属腐蚀) 中规定的试验步骤设计了这两 种因素 ISO 9223; ISO 9225; 26. Equipment for aerial networks with bare or insulated cables may be used in various environments. It is therefore useful to submit accessories to laboratory tests involving these two factors. To simplify the laboratory test there are two methods. In Method 1 two successive sequences have been defined. The first is exposure to salt mist, the second is exposure to a humidity saturated, high sulphur dioxide content atmosphere. These sequences are moreover standardised by IEC and ISO. In Method 2 salt mist and sulphur dioxide are combined in the same cycle. 带裸或绝缘电缆的架空电网设备可能会用在各种各样的环境中。所以在实验室里对附件进行涉及到这两种因 素的试验。有两种方法来简化试验。方法1规定了两个连续的顺序，第一个是暴露在盐雾中，第二个是暴露 在湿度饱和、高含量二氧化硫的气体中。这些顺序还要根据IEC和ISO进行标准化。在方法2中盐雾和二氧化 硫综合在同一个循环里进行。 24/30 EN 50483-6: 2009 Annex B (informative) Example of specific reaction to obtain sulphur dioxide 附录B(参考标准)得到二氧化硫的特殊反应的范例 It is possible to generate sulphur dioxide in the test apparatus by treating some sodium pyrosulfite (NaSO) by a relatively strong acid, sulfamic acid (HSONH), which is the only solid mineral acid of easy 22532 conservation. 在试验仪器里通过焦亚硫酸钠(NaSO)和相对强酸氨基磺酸(HSONH)(容易保存的唯一固体矿酸)反应22532 可以生成二氧化硫。 The procedure used consists of taking a light excess of sodium pyrosulfite that is dissolved in water (reaction [1] hereunder), then to add in the enclosure the stoichiometric quantity of sulfamic acid (reaction [2] hereunder). 采用的步骤是:将稍足量的焦亚硫酸钠溶于水(反应1)，然后在带气体收集器的容器里加入经过化学计算 的量的氨基磺酸(反应2)。 NaSO + HO ? 2NaHSO [1] 22523 NaHSO + HSONH ? NaSONH+ HO + SO? [2] 233232 2 The global reaction is:总反应为: NaSO + 2 HSONH ? 2NaSONH + HO + 2 SO? 225323222 Therefore, to obtain one litre of SO in normal conditions (t = 0 ?C, p = 101,3 kPa), 4,24 g of sodium 2 pyrosulfite + 4,33 g of sulfamic acid are needed. 所以，为得到通常状态下的1升的二氧化硫(t = 0 ?C, p = 101,3 kPa)，需要4,24 g 的焦亚硫酸钠和4,33 g的 氨基磺酸。 25/30 EN 50483-6: 2009 Annex C (informative) Climatic areas 附录C(参考标准)气候地区 The climatic conditions differ across Europe; therefore the requirements of climatic testing are different for different areas. 欧洲各地的气候条件都不相同，所以相对应的气候试验要求也因地区的不同而不同。 This standard describes several climatic tests and these tests are extracted from different, current European or national standards. 本标准描述了几个从不同的现行欧洲或国家标准里摘取的气候试验。 The following table provides a selection of different climatic conditions with the appropriate tests. 如下表格给出了对应合适试验的不同气候条件的选择。 Table C.1 – Climatic conditions – Appropriate tests 表C.1 – 气候条件 – 合适试验 Gas Immersion Climatic Salt mist atmosphere Test ageing Weather conditions/area 天气条件/地区 test(8.4.1) Test (8.4.2) (8.4.3) Test (8.5) 盐雾试验 气体环境试验 沉浸试验 气候老化试验 Coastal area where there is salt pollution aX X X X 盐污染的海岸地区 Coastal area where there is no salt pollution (e.g. Baltic coast) X X 无盐污染的海岸地区(如波罗的海海岸) Polluted industrial area X X X 污染工业地区 Polluted industrial and salt area aX X X X 工业污染和盐污染地区 Inland or unpolluted area X X 内陆或未污染地区 Sunny areas (UV radiation) X X 阳光照射地区(紫外线辐射) Arctic areas X X 北极地区 a Immersion test is provided for areas where salt pollution is high. 沉浸试验用于高度盐污染地区 26/30 EN 50483-6: 2009 Annex D(informative)Test equipment 附录D(参考标准)试验要求 Key 1 xenon lamp 氙灯 2 test sample 试验样品 3 measurement of the humidity: dry probe 湿度测量:干燥探针 4 measurement of the humidity: wet probe 湿度测量:湿润探针 5 position of the radiometer or the black standard thermometer 湿度计或黑色标准温度计的位置 6 measurement of the temperature of the chamber at the level of the test samples, protected from the radiation of the lamp 与试验样品同水平面的试验箱温度测量，被保护以免受灯的辐射 7 median plan of the lamp 灯的中间平面 8 plane A A平面 plane bounding the zone where the radiation of the lamp provides radiation energy within the specified tolerances 灯管提供规定公差内辐射能量的区域分界面 9 plane B B平面 plane bounding the zone where the radiation of the lamp provides radiation energy within the specified tolerances 灯管提供规定公差内辐射能量的区域分界面 10 fan 风扇 11 sprinkler 喷头 Figure D.1 – Typical test arrangement 图D.1 – 典型实验安排 27/30 EN 50483-6: 2009 D.1 Calibration of the radiometers 辐射计的校准 Some commercial radiometers do not integrate the received energy on the whole of the spectrum ranging from 300 nm up to 400 nm but control this quantity for a given wavelength accompanied with a bandwidth given defined by λ and λ. When these radiometers are used they should be calibrated and certified in 12 order to provide a conversion factor to convert their reading of radiation energy into the real total radiation energy across the spectrum used in the tests. 有些商用辐射计不能使整合波谱范围在300到400纳米的吸收能量，但可以控制对于由λ和λ界定频宽、给定12 波长的量。为在试验中采用的波谱范围上把辐射能量的读数转换为真正的总辐射能量提供转换系数，使用这 些辐射计时要对其进行校正和验证。 The radiometers should be calibrated with an apparatus comprising a filtered xenon arc lamp that uses a spectrum-characterised radiometer having traceability against national standards. 用带有过滤氙弧灯的仪器校正辐射计。过滤氙弧灯使用根据国家标准有准追踪能力的特定光谱辐射计。 When an integrating radiometer is used, this measurement should be carried out when the sample rack is rotating at 2 revolutions per minute (rpm). During an integer number of turns equal or higher than four, the measurement of the surface quantity of radiant energy, expressed in mJ/cm2, received by the radiometer should be made. 使用整合辐射计时，在样品架每分钟旋转2圈(rpm)时进行测量。旋转整数等于或大于4时，开始测量辐射 2计吸收到的辐射能量(单位用mJ/cm表示)的表面量。 Where other radiometers are used, 8 measurements should be made on the periphery. The measurements should be taken at angular steps of approximately π/4. The duration of each measurement should be between 15 s and 20 s. 使用其他辐射计时，在周边进行8次测量。在角距约为π/4时进行测量。每次测量持续时长为15到20秒。 The radiometer should be periodically calibrated, in accordance with relevant standards, and compared to a standard radiometer apparatus calibrated by an accredited organisation. 按照相关标准的规定和要求，对辐射计进行周期性的校正，然后跟经过权威组织校正的标准辐射计仪器进行 比较。 D.2 Black standard thermometer 黑色标准温度计 Black standard thermometers consist of a plane (flat) stainless steel plate with a thickness of about 0,5 mm and a typical length and width of about 70 mm by 40 mm. 黑色标准温度计由厚度约为0.5mm、长宽各为约70mm和40mm的不锈钢平板构成。 The surface of this plate facing the light source should be coated with a black layer that has good resistance to ageing. 朝向光源的板表面涂有良好的抗老化能力的黑色涂层。 The coated black plate should absorb at least 90 % to 95 % of all incident flux to 2 500 nm. A platinum resistance sensor should be attached in good thermal contact with the centre of the plate on the side opposite the radiation source. 黑色涂层板至少要吸收到2500纳米的入射流量的90%到95%。在朝向辐射源的另一面的板中心固定有热接 触良好的铂电阻传感器。 The side of the metal plate should be attached to a 5 mm base plate made of unfilled poly vinylidene fluoride (PVDF). 讲金属板的边固定在未填充的聚偏二氟乙烯(PVDF)做成的5mm基板上。 A small space sufficient to hold the platinum resistance sensor should be machined in the PVDF base plate. 在PVDF基板上加工出足够握持铂电阻传感器的小空间。 The distance between the sensor and this recess in the base plate should be about 1 mm. 传感器和基板上这个凹缝之间的距离约为1mm。 28/30 EN 50483-6: 2009 The length and width of the PVDF plate should be sufficient so that no metal – metal thermal contact exists between the black-coated metal plate and the mounting holder into which it is fitted. PVDF板的长度和宽度尺寸要足够，以使黑色涂层金属板和将安装的固定支托物之间不产生金属-金属的热接 触和传导。 The metal mounts of the holder of the insulated black panel should be at least 4 mm from the edges of the metal plate. 绝缘黑板的支托物的金属框里金属板的边至少4mm。 Black standard thermometers which differ in construction are permitted as long as the temperature indicated by the alternative construction is within ? 1,0 ?C of that of the specified construction at all steady state temperature and irradiance settings that the exposure device is capable of attaining. 只要在所有稳定状态时暴露装置的温度和辐射设置能够满足，指示温度能达到规定结构显示温度的?1.0?， 也可以采取与黑色标准温度计结构不同的其他装置。 In addition, the time needed for an alternative black standard thermometer to reach the steady state should be within 10 % of the time needed for the specified black standard thermometer to reach the steady state. 另外，其他测温装置达到稳定状态所需的时间要在规定标准黑色标准温度计达到稳定状态所需时间的10%以 内。 The difference between a black standard thermometer and a black panel thermometer is that the black plates have a thermal insulation. See EN ISO 4892-1 for full details. 黑色标准温度计和黑板温度计的差别就是黑板有热绝缘。详述见EN ISO 4892-1. Consequently, the temperatures indicated by the black standard thermometer correspond to those that exist on the exposed surface of samples made from materials of a dark colour that have a low heating conductibility. 因此，黑色标准温度计指示的温度与用黑色低导热性的材料制成的样品暴露表面的温度一致。 The black standard thermometer is used to characterise the thermal conditions of the dark samples having a low heating conductibility. It is situated in the same plane as the test samples mounted in the sample rack during exposure to the energy lighting as shown in Figure D.1. 黑色标准温度计用于将低导热性的黑色样品的热状况特性化。如图D.1所示，在暴露在光源下时，它和安装 在样品架上的样品处于同一平面。 There is a difference in temperature between the black panel thermometer and the black standard thermometer. For practical reasons and when a laboratory is able to estimate this difference, then with customer / manufacturer agreement, a black panel thermometer may be used. In case of disagreement, the black standard thermometer should be used. 黑板温度计和黑色标准温度计之间的温度会有差异。为求实用，实验室里如果能估测出这个差异，然后经过 购销双方的协商，可以采用黑板温度计。但如果存在异议，就用黑色标准温度计。 Bibliography参考书目 EN ISO 4892-1, Plastics – Methods of exposure to laboratory light sources – Part 1: General guidance (ISO 4892-1) ISO 4892-1 塑料 - 实验室光源暴露方法 - 第1部分:通用指南(ISO 4892-1) HD 626, Overhead distribution cables of rated voltage Uo/U(Um): 0,6/1 (1,2) kV HD 626，额定电压为0.6/1(1.2)千伏架空配电电缆 ISO 9223, Corrosion of metals and alloys – Corrosivity of atmospheres – Classification ISO 9223，金属和合金的耐腐蚀性 – 大气的腐蚀性 - 分类 ISO 9225, Corrosion of metals and alloys – Corrosivity of atmospheres – Measurement of pollution ISO 9225，金属和合金的耐腐蚀性 – 大气的腐蚀性 - 污染的测定 ISO 9226, Corrosion of metals and alloys – Corrosivity of atmospheres – Determination of corrosion rate 29/30 EN 50483-6: 2009 of standard specimens for the evaluation of corrosivity ISO 9226，金属和合金的耐腐蚀性 – 大气腐蚀性 – 用于评估腐蚀性的标准样本的腐蚀速率的测定 ASTM Standard G 85, “Standard Practice for Modified Salt Spray (Fog) Testing”, ASTM ASTM G 85标准“改进的盐雾(雾)试验的标准操作”，ASTM 30/30