大连英文简介

大连英文简介Dalianisaplacewhereyoucanfindnaturalscenesofstunningbeauty,amiableclimate,stylisharchitecture,comfortablebeachesandsummertouristresorts.Thegardensandcircuseseverywherearegooddecorationsofthecity.Alongthesoutherncoast,aroadlikeajaderibbonrunsamongthemountainsandalongthesea,threadingthroughthescenicspotsofBangchuiIsland,TigerBeach,FujiaVillage,BaiyunshanPark,andXinghaiPark.Tothesouthwestofthecity,thereareworldlyfamousLushunkou.Taiyanggou(SunValley),andBaiyuMount(WhiteJadeMount)andnaturalwonderssuchastheSnakeIslandandtheSeaCatIsland.Tothenorthofthecity,thereistheGoldenPebbleBeachHolidayResort,whereonecanseetypicalsea-corrodedlandscapeandlandformofcoastalcast,andtheAlmighty''smasterpiece----theunique"turtle-shellrocks."InDalianthereisalsotheBingyuValley''ssceneryattractionsinthenorthoftheZhuanghecity,whichboastssoothinggreenmountainsandclearrivers.老虎滩tigerbeach极地馆polarregionembassy圣亚海洋世界sanyaoceanworld星海公园starseapark滨海路binhairoad棒棰岛googisland金石滩inscriptionsbeach冰浴沟icebathdykeDalian (simplified Chinese: 大连; traditional Chinese: 大连; pinyin: Dàlián) is the governing sub-provincial city in the eastern Liaoning Province of Northeast China. Dalian is China's northernmost ice-free seaport and is China's most livable city.[1]SightseeingandAttractionsDalianisaverypopulardestinationamongChinesetouristsandforeignvisitors,especiallyfromJapan,KoreaandRussia.ItsmildclimateandmultiplebeachesaswellasitsimportanceinthemodernhistoryofChinamakeitanespeciallyniceplacetovisit.SomeofthemostfamousbeachesareTigerbeach,Xinghaibeach,JinshitanbeachandFujiazhuangbeach.[edit]FourInner-CityDistrictsZhongshanSquareandFriendshipSquareTigerBeachandFujiazhuanBeachTigerbeachisagoodplacetoseenaturalscenery.ThereisSeabedWorld,BirdSingWoodandtherecentlycompletedPolarRegionMuseum,whereadolphinshowisabigattraction.XinghaiSquare,ShinghaiParkandHeishijiaoXinghaiSquarewasbuiltatthecentinaryoftheCityofDalian(1998)andisslatedtobeEastAsia'slargestsquare.XinghaibeachisinsideXinghaiPark.Itisabout800mlongandisanexcellentplaceforswimming.[edit]JinzhouDistrictandDevelopmentZone(inthenorthernsuburbs)DaheiMountainJinshitanSightseeingAreaJinshitanbeach,theGoldenPebbleBeachisatouristattractionwithsplendidcovesandrockformations.Thereisalsoagolfcourse(JinshitanInternationalGolfCourse),crosscountrymotorcycling,anamusementpark(DiscoveryKingdom)andahuntingforest.Itisagoodplaceforsomeonewhowantssilenceandpeaceanditisexcellentforswimmingtoo.[edit]LüshunkouDistrict(inthewesternsuburbs)LüshunMuseumLüshunRailroadStation203HighlandandShuishiyingMeetingPlaceThefiercestbattlesiteandthesigningsiteoftheceasefiretreaty,oftheBattleofLüshunduringtheRusso-JapaneseWar1904-05.[edit]ThreeNorthernCitiesofGreaterDalianAnboHotspringandSkiCourse,inPulandianCityZhangxingIslandInternationalGolfCourse,inWafangdianCityBinyugouScenicAreaandBuyunMountainHotspring,inZhuanheCityForathoroughreviewofthemajorattractions,seetheDalianwikitravelpage.SeealsoDaliantravelguidefromWikitravel.[edit]TransportationAstreetinDalianneartheDalianBankTower[edit]LocalTransportationDalianisoneofthefewcitiesinChinawheretherearenotmanybicycles,becausetheareaisfullofslopes,andwheretherearefewmotorcycles,becausetheirsaleisprohibited.ThenumberofcarsonDalianstreetshasincreaseddramaticallyinrecentyears,causingtrafficjams.Thecityhasacomprehensivebussystemandanefficientlightrailmasstransitsystem,usuallycalledQinggui(轻轨),whichconnectsDalianDevelopmentZoneandJinshitanwithdowntownDalian.[edit]DomesticandinternationalDalianhasamodernandrecently(2006)expandedinternationalairport,DalianZhoushuiziInternationalAirport,withdirectflightstothemostmajorcitiesinChina,andtotheselectedcitiesinJapan,SouthKoreaandGermany.Thecity'slocationmeansthattraintripstomostChinesecitiesoutsideChina'snortheasternregionrequirechangingtrainsinShanghaiorBeijing.Mostofthedirectcitytocityexpresstrainsareovernighttrips.InAugust2007constructionstartedonaHarbin-Dalianhighspeedpassengerrailway,whichisexpectedtobecompletedin2013,connectingHarbin,Dalian,Changchun,andShenyang.[2]TheNewDalianStationwillbesetupatNanguanling(南关岭),inthenorthernsuburbs,onthewaytoDalianDevelopmentZone.[citationneeded]InadditiontolocalandexpressbusservicetoBeijingandotherareasinthenortheast,Dalianisconnectedbypassengershipservicetoneighbouringcoastalcities,suchasTianjinandYantai,aswellasIncheon,SouthKorea.SeealsoDaliantravelguidefromWikitravel 4楼LifeandCultureZhongshanSquareinDalianDalianisthemostlivablecityinChinaaccordingtoChinaDaily.[3][edit]DalianDialect[edit]SportsSportsplayabigroleinthelocalculture.Thecity'smayor,ayoungprinceling(memberoftherulingcadres)encouragedatopleaguesoccerteamwithforeignaidandalotofcitycashtoincreasethecity'simageinthecountryandbringlocalfame.TheyhavebeencaughtoutseveraltimesthoughandtheheydayoftheSuperTeamhaspassed.Thecity'ssoccerteamhasdominatedthesportinChinaandAsiabywinning7titlesoutofthepast9yearsofChineseprofessionalsoccerleague.Thecityisalsoapowerhouseproducingnumeroustrackandfieldchampions.TheDalian'ssoccerclubisDalianShide(大连实德),oneoffifteenteamsintheChineseSuperLeague.Priorto2000,theywereknownasDalianWanda(大连万达).DalianShideachievedsuccessas:PremiumAChampions1994,1996,1997,1998,2000,2001,2002AsianClubChampionshipRunners-Up1997AsianCupWinners'CupRunners-Up2001ChineseSuperCupWinners1997,2001,2003ChinaFACupWinners2001[edit]City-WideFestivalsXinghaiSquare,theXinghaiConferenceCenter,theDalianWorldExpoCenterandthehotelsonRenminRd.aretheplaceswhereDalian'smajorannualeventsareheld:FireworksDisplays(ChineseNewYear,May1andOctober1),DalianInternationalWalkingFestival(May),DalianLocustFlowerFestival(May),DalianInternationalMarathon(June),ChinaInternationalSoftware&InformationServiceFair(June),DalianInternationalBeerFestival(July-August),DalianInternationalAutoShow(August)andDalianInternationalFashionWeek(September).EverySeptemberDalianhoststheDalianInternationalFashionFestival(大连国际服装节).Thisfestivalisachanceformanymajorforeigncompaniestoshowcasetheirnewproductsandsignupbuyers.Beforethefestival,thecityholdsanopeningceremonyattendedbygovernmentofficialsaswellasfamousstarsoftheentertainmentworld.[edit]ZooandMuseumsDalianisthehomeofthreezoologicalparks:DalianForestZoo,ShengyaOceanWorld,andPolarWorld.TheForestZoohasafree-rangeanimalsectionaswellasamoretraditionalzoo.ShengyaOceanWorldincludesanunderwaterconveyorthroughatransparenttunnel.PolarWorldistheonlyparkdevotedtopolaranimalsinChina.Dalianisalsohometoanumberofpublicsquares,includingXinghaiSquare.[edit]FoodandRestaurantsThelocalcuisineheavilydependsonvarietyoffreshseafoodandfruits,bothofwhichareabundantinthearea.[edit]Inter-GovernmentalandPeople-to-PeopleCommunicationJapanmaintainsaConsulateGeneralofficeandaJETROofficeinDalian,reflectingarelativelylargeJapanesepopulation.JapanChamberofCommerce&Industryhasabout700corporatemembers.ThoseJapanesewhohadlivedinDalianbeforetheWarhaveorganizedtheDalianSociety.TherearesuchvoluntarygroupsastheLilacSociety(forwomen)andtheDalianMountaineeringAssociation.Foreigners'webboardsincludeDalianXpat(English),Mixi(Japanese)andRunsky(Chinese).[edit]ReligionFivereligions(Taoism,Buddhism,Catholicism,ProtestantismandIslam)are"officiallyapproved"bytheChinesegovernment.TaoisttemplesarenotfoundindowntownDalian,butinLushunkouDistrict(LongwangTemple),andinJinzhouDistrict(JinlongTempleinDaweijia,XiangshuiTempleatthefootofDaheiMountain,andZhenwuTempleinLiangjiadian).BuddhisttemplesareindowntownDalian(SongshanTempleonTangshanStreet),onthenorthernsideofAnziMountain(AnshanTemple),atDaheishi(Thousand-HandBuddha&500LuohanStatues),inLushunkouDistrict(HengshanTempleatLongwangtan),andinJinzhouDistrict'Guanyinge-ShengshuiTempleonDaheiMountain).DalianIslamicMosqueisonBeijingStreet.DalianCatholicChurch(builtin1926)isindowntownDalian,westofDalianRailwayStation.ProtestantchurchesarenearZhongshanSquare(YuguanjieChurch,builtin1928nexttotheBritishConsulateGeneral'soffice,bytheAnglicanChurchesofBritainandJapanjointly),onZhangjiangStreet(Cheng-enChurch,aformeraDanishLutheranchurch,whichnowalsohousestheDalianbranchofChinaChristianCouncilandThree-SelfPatrioticMovementCommittee),onXi-anRoad(ChristianChurchfortheKoreanMinority),eastoftheairport(thenewlybuiltHarvestChurch,whichcanseat4000people),inJinzhou(thenewlybuiltJinzhouChurch)andLushunkouDistrict(LushunChurch,aformerDanishLutheranchurch).TherearemanyotherundergroundChristianfellowships("housechurches").Forforeigners,thereareDalianInternationalChristianFellowship(English)andotherfellowshipgroups.5楼EducationTherearethefollowingschoolsofhighereducationandresearchcenters:[edit]CollegesandUniversitiesDalianFisheriesUniversity大连水产学院DalianJiaotongUniversity大连交通大学DalianMaritimeUniversity大连海事大学DalianMedicalUniversity大连医科大学DalianPolytechnicUniversity大连工业大学DalianUniversity大连大学DalianUniversityofForeignLanguages大连外国语学院DalianUniversityofTechnology大连理工大学DongbeiUniversityofFinanceandEconomics东北财经大学LiaoningNormalUniversity辽宁师范大学NeusoftInstituteofInformation东北大学东软信息学院Someuniversitiesareundergoingrelocationsfromthemetropolitanareatothesuburbandistricts.In2007,DalianUniversityofForeignLanguages(exceptforitsSchoolsofChineseStudies汉学院andContinuousEducation培训部)andDalianMedicalUniversity(exceptitsHospital)weremovedtoLüshunkouDistrict,justeastofBaiyinMountainTunnel(白银山).[edit]ResearchCentersDalianInstituteofChemistry&Physics(大连化学物理研究所AKA化物所)ChineseAcademyofSciences(中国科学院)[edit]SistercitiesofDalianThefollowingaresistercitiesofDalian:Szczecin,PolandGlasgow,UKKitakyūshū,JapanLeHavre,FranceVancouver,CanadaOhrid,RepublicofMacedoniaBremen,GermanyIncheon,SouthKoreaOakland,California,USARostock,GermanyHouston,USAMaizuru,JapanVladivostok,RussiaPointe-Noire,RepublicofCongoAdelaide,AustraliaBahiaBlanca,Argentina[edit]UrbanplanningDalianisconsidereda"modelcity"inChina'surbanplanning;sincethemid-1990s,shehasinspiredmanyothercitiesintheirrespective"make-overs".[citationneeded][edit]EnvironmentalprotectionDalianisconsideredoneofthecleanestcitiesinChina.[citationneeded]DalianfrequentlyranksGrade2forairpollutionaccordingtoSEPA.[4][edit]PlastinationcenterTheGermananatomistGunthervonHagensrunsaplastinationcenterinDalian.EconomyFriendship Square in Dalian[edit] Agriculture and AquacultureDalian was originally an agriculture and aquaculture-based area, which, after the opening of the ferry between Yantai and Lüshun during the early 20th century, began to be populated by the farmers and fishermen of Shandong, across the Yellow Sea. Corn, vegetables, fruit such as apples, cherries and pears are Dalian's typical agricultural products. Aquaculture is well developed in Dalian, exporting seaweed, scallops, sea urchins and others to Japan, Korea and other countries.[edit] Heavy, Light and Distribution IndustriesEven before and during the Sino-Japanese War, the shipbuilding and locomotives industries were a thriving industry, such as the companies which later became Dalian Shipbuilding Co. and Dalian Locomotive & Roll Stock Works (DLoco). After the War, Dalian became an important center of the heavy and light industries, including companies such as Dalian Heavy Industry Co., Dalian Chemical Group, and Wafangdian Bearing Co.; and of the distribution industry, including such as Dashang Group. Overseas retailing giants, such as Wal-Mart from U.S.A., Carrefour from France and Metro from Germany have recently opened stores in Dalian. Mycal, the Japanese retailing chain store, was bought out by its Chinese partner, Dashang Group, and is operated as Mykal.DalianPort is emerging as a very important port for international trade. A new harbor for oil tankers, at the terminus of an oil pipeline from the Daqing oilfields, was completed in 1976. Dalian is the largest petroleum port in China, and also the 3rd largest port overall. Accordingly, Dalian is a major center for oil refineries, diesel engineering, and chemical production. Also completed recently is a newer port on DagushanPeninsula on the northern suburbs, specializing in import/export of mining and oil products. Together with its Dalian Railroad Station, DalianInternationalAirport and two major express roads ro Shengyand-Changchun-Harbin in the north and to Dandong to the east, Dalian has become an important distribution center.[edit] Dalian Development ZoneDalian has been given many benefits by the Chinese government, including the title of "open-city" (1984), which allows it to receive considerable foreign investment (see Special Economic Zone). The Development Zone was established in Jinzhou District, to which many Japanese manufacturing companies, such as Canon, Mitsubishi Electric, Nidec, Sanyo Electric and Toshiba, followed by Korean, American and European companies (such as Pfizer. In March 2007, Intel announced plans to build a semiconductor fabrication facility (commonly known as a fab) in the Development Zon, Dalian. It is Intel's first fab to be built at an entirely new site in over 15 years. The fab at Dalian will make the chip sets that support Intel's microprocessors and is expected to begin operation in the first half of 2010. (Source: The Wall Street Journal; March 26, 2007; Page B6)[edit] Financial IndustryThere are the Dalian branches of China's five major banks: Bank of China, Industrial & Commercial Bank of China, China Construction Bank, Bank of Communications, and Agricultural Bank of China. Dalian Commercial Bank is now called Dalian Bank, which among other things handles processing of the Dalian Mingzhu IC Card for public transportation. Foreign banks, such as HSBC, Bank of East Asia, Bank of Tokyo-Mitsubishi and Mizuho Corporate Bank also have branch offices.Dalian Commodity Exchange is the only one of its kind in China, expanding the futures market beyond soybeans. A "Financial Street" around the new Commodity Exchange building is now being planned.[edit] IT IndustrySince the 1990s DalianCity has emphasized the development of the IT industry, especially in Dalian HiTech Zone and DalianSoftwarePark in the western suburbs near DalianUniversity of Technology. There, there are not only Chinese IT companies, such as DHC, Hisoft and Neusoft Group, but also American, European and Japanese IT companies, such as Accenture, Dell, GENPACT (a General Electric company), HP, IBM, SAP AG, Alpine, CSK Holding, Panasonic, NEC and Sony.Dalian has recently become the world's important center of IT Outsourcing (ITO) and Business Process Outsourcing (BPO), after Bangaluru (Bangalore) of India, as aptly written in "The World Is Flat" by Thomas Friedman (2007). In another way, Dalian is the forerunner of China's "Re-Development of the Old Industry Bases in Northeast" National Project, which began in 2002.[edit] Viewing Dalian's Modern IndustriesThe Dalian Modern Museum in Xinghai Square is a good place to quickly view Dalian's present-day industries, with displays of the products and services of the major companies.Also good are the city-wide festivals: China International Software & Information Service Fair (June), Dalian International Beer Festival (July-August) and Dalian International Auto Show (August) and Dalian International Fashion Week (September).AdministrationDalian is the second largest city of LiaoningProvince, after Shenyang, the provincial capital. DalianCity is governed by the Mayor and its Dalian Municipal People's Government.[edit] Past and present mayorsThe current Mayor since 2003 is Xia Deren, born in 1955 in Dalian, a Ph.D. in Finance, former President of Dongbei University of Finance and Economics, Vice Mayor of Dalian City and Vice Governor of Liaoning Province. The former mayor is Li Yongjin, now the People's Representative of Dalian, preceded by Bo Xilai, later Governor of Liaoning Province, and now the Minister of Commerce in the Central Government. The Vice Mayors are Xing Liangzhong in charge of foreign trade and economy, Dai Yulin in charge of finance and science & technology, etc.[edit] Municipal GovernmentThe Municipal Government is located in the main building on the north side of People's Square on Zhongshan Road, originally built as the Administrative Office of Kwantung Leased Territory, and other buildings in downtown Dalian. There are the Commerce, Foreign Economy & Trade, Hygiene, Information Industry, Police, Religion, Science & Technology, Transportation and other city-level bureaus, which work closely with the corresponding agencies at the district level.DalianThe city administers 6 districts, 3 county-level cities, and 1 county.Ganjingzi, Zhongshan, Xigang, and Shahekou Districts make up the urban centre. ChanghaiCounty is made up entirely of islands east of the peninsula. There are 74 sub-districts and 127 town/townships (11 of which are ethnic). (see Political divisions of China#Levels)There are, in addition, 4 national leading open zones (对外开放先导区):The Development Zone (开发区) The Free Trade Zone (保税区) The Hi-Tech Industrial Zone (高新技术产业园区) The Golden Pebble Beach National Holiday Resort (金石滩国家旅游度假区) Pinyin Hanzi Area(km²) Population [edit] GeographyLocation within ChinaOne of the most heavily developed industrial areas of China, the Dalian administrative district today consists of Dalian proper and the smaller Lüshunkou (formerly Lüshun city, known in western and Russian historic references as Port Arthur), about forty nautical miles farther along the Liaotung/Liaodong Peninsula. Historical references note that the Russian designed city of Dalny (Alt. Dalney), on the south side of TalienBay was 40 rail kilometers from Port Arthur/Lüshun (known today as Lüshunkou or literally, LüshunPort).Dalian - Landsat photo (circa 2000)Dalian is located west of the Yellow Sea and east of BohaiSea roughly in the middle of the Liaodong/Liaotung peninsula at its narrowest neck or isthmus. With a coastline of 1,906km, it governs the entire LiaodongPeninsula and about 260 surrounding islands and reefs. It is south-south-west of the YaluRiver, and its harbor entrance forms a sub-Bay known as DalianBay.edit] History[edit] AncientIn the Qin and Han periods (221 B.C.-220 A.D.), the Dalian region was under the jurisdiction of Liaodong county. In the early Tang Dynasty (618-907), the Dalian region was under the jurisdiction of AndongPrefecture in Jili state, and in the Liao Dynasty (916-1125), it was under the jurisdiction of Dong Jing Tong Liaoyang county. Dalian was named Sanshan in the period of Weijin (220-420), San Shanpu in the Tang Dynasty (618-907), Sanshan Seaport in the Ming Dynasty (1368-1644), and Qing Niwakou in the Qing Dynasty (1644-1911).[edit] Qing DynastyIn the 1880s, the Qing government constructed loading bridges and fortifications with built-in cannons, and set up mining camps on the northern coast of Dalian Gulf, and it became a small town.[edit] OccupationThe settlement was occupied by the British in 1858, returned to the Chinese in the 1880s, and then occupied by Japan in 1895 during the first Sino-Japanese War.In 1898, the Russian Empire leased the peninsula from the Qing Dynasty, and a modern city was laid out with the name of Dalny. Linked to the Trans-Siberian Railway, Dalny became Russia's primary port-city in Asia.Dalny was the main battlefield of the Sino-Japanese War of 1894-1895 and Russo-Japanese War (1905).Dairen (Dailian) in 1912Both Dalny (Qingniwaqiao 青泥洼桥 of Zhongshan District, Dalian) and Port Arthur (Lüshunkou) were developed and heavily fortified by the Russians in the period prior to 1904. Consequently, some historians blame the fall of Port Arthur, a world shaking event of epic proportions, during the siege of Port Arthur on January 2, 1905 for the failure by Admiral Eugene Alexeieff, to concentrate on the naval base and its fortifications, instead splitting precious resources shipped 5,000 miles across the single tracked Trans-Siberian Railway and Manchurian railways.After the Russo-Japanese war Port Arthur was conceded to Japan (Treaty of Portsmouth), who set up the KwantungLeasedTerritory or Guandongzhou. Since the foundation of Manchukuo in 1932, the sovereignty of the territory moved from China to Manchukuo. Japan still leased it from Manchukuo. In 1937, the modern DalianCity was enlarged and