《unit金融英语》PPT课件

BankingEnglishUnit3MoneymarketQuestionsofUnitThree:1、Whatisthemoneymarket?andwhatfunctionsdoesithave?2、WhataretheprincipalinstrumentsintheU.S.moneymarket?3、WhatareFedfunds?andwhatisFedfundsrate?4、Howtodistinguishamongbills,notesandbonds?Unit3MoneymarketQuestionsofUnitThree:5、WhatisEurodollar?6、WhatisCD?Howdiditoriginate?7、WhatfeaturesdoestheCD’sinterestratehave?8、WhatisCP?andhowcanissuersrealizepermanentfundingwiththisinstrument?TermsandParaphrasing:Surplus:a.过剩的；n.剩余额，顺差，盈余a.过剩的1.Fewpeoplehavelargesumsofsurpluscash.2.Thehousesarebeingsoldbecausetheyaresurplustorequirements.3.Ruralindustrieshaveabsorbed50%surplusworkforce.这些因超出需求而闲置的房屋正在出售。n.顺差，盈余，过剩Ifacountryhasatradesurplus,itexportsmorethanitimports.Ifacountryhasabudgetsurplus,ithasspentlessthanitreceivedintaxes.asurplusofsth:某物过剩Tradesurplus:贸易顺差budgetsurplus:预算盈余liquidity（fluidity）surplus:流动性过剩TermsandParaphrasing:deficit:n.赤字；逆差；亏损；亏空；不足Adeficitistheamountbywhichsomethingislessthanwhatisrequiredorexpected.Budgetdeficit:预算赤字tradedeficit:贸易逆差Adeficitof1billionfrancs:10亿法朗的赤字Tocoverthedeficit:弥补赤字=tomakeupthedeficitThebalanceofpaymentisindeficit.国际收支逆差=Adeficitinthebalanceofpayment.=Balanceofpaymentdeficit.TermsandParaphrasing:deficit:n.赤字；逆差；亏损；亏空；不足Adeficitistheamountbywhichsomethingislessthanwhatisrequiredorexpected.Budgetdeficit:预算赤字Adeficitof1billionfrancs:10亿法朗的赤字Tocoverthedeficit:弥补赤字=tomakeupthedeficitThebalanceofpaymentisindeficit.国际收支逆差TomovefundsfromsectorswithsurplusfundstothoseInadeficitposition.TermsandParaphrasing:neutral:a.中立的，中性的，平静的，平淡的；n.中立人，中立国Ifapersonorcountryadoptsaneutralpositionorremainsneutral,theydon’tsupportanyoneinadisagreement,warorcontest.Aneutralissomeonewhoisneutral.中立者，持中立态度的人Inaneutralvoice:用平静的声调Securitiesexchange:证券交易所（市场）;场内市场=StockexchangeStockexchangeisanorganizedphysicalcentralizedmarketwherequalifiedmembers(dealersandbrokers)gathertotradelistedsecurities,suchascommonstock、bonds.Itoperatesunderstrictrulesandregulations.(main)boardmarket:主板市场(场内市场)Secondboardmarket:二板市场=GrowthEnterpriseMarket=GEM创业板=SMEboard中小企业板GEMisastockmarketsetupbyStockExchangeofHongKongforcentralizedfunds-raisingofgrowthenterprisesornewemergingcompaniesfromallindustriesandofallsizeswhoaretemporarilynotqualifiedtobelistedinthemainboard.on-floormarket:场内市场floordealer:场内交易商floorbroker:场内经纪人Onfloororder:场内委托Floororderticket:场内委托单off-boardmarket：场外交易市场off-floormarket：场外交易市场Off-exchangemarket:场外市场Over-the-countermarket:场外交易市场Curb(kerb)market:场外市场Over-the-countermarket:场外交易市场Over-the-countermarketisamarketconsistingofagroupofbrokersanddealerswhoareinter-relatedbyacomputernetworkanddirectlytradesecuritiesthatarenotlistedonanexchange.Itisadecentralizedmarket.List:上市，获准上市De-list:摘牌1.Thesecompanywillbelistedinnasdaqorlondonstockexchange.Onstockexchange=instockexchange=inmainboardmarketListedcompany:上市公司=quotedcompanyListedstock:上市股票Listingrequirement:上市条件Open-marketoperation:公开市场操作Thebuyingandsellingofgovernmentsecuritiesbyacentralbank,inordertocontrolthemoneysupply.Dealer:交易商=jobberDealermeansanindividualorfirminthesecuritiesbusinesswhobuysandsellsstocksandbondsasaprincipalratherthanasanagent,itbuysorsellsasecurityonitsownaccountandatitsownrisk,itsprofitorlossisthedifferencebetweenthebuyingandsellingpricesforthesamesecurity.onone'sownaccount:为自己的利益Broker:经纪人Brokermeansanindividualorcompanyactsasanagentforthecustomerstopurchaseorsalesecuritiesfromandtoathirdpartyandacommissionischargedfortheirservices.Ease:(n.v.)放松，放宽，降低Easeofcredit:放宽信贷Easeofmoney:银根松动Easeofinterestrate:降低利率Tighten:(v.)收紧Tightenmoney(supply):收紧银根，紧缩货币供给Tighteningofinterestrate:收紧利率，提高利率Tightmoney:紧银根Tightcredit:信用紧缩Tightmarket:旺市Amarketinwhichtradingvolumeishigh,tradingisactiveandhighlycompetitive,andconsequentlyspreadsbetweenbidandaskpricesarenarrow.=deepmarket=activemarket=liquidmarketThinmarket:淡市Amarketinwhichtradingvolumeislow,andconsequentlybidandaskedquotesarewideandtheinstrumenttradedisnotveryliquid.=inactivemarketMarketdepth:市场的深度Infinance,marketdepthisthesizeofanorderneededtomovethemarketpriceagivenamount.Ifthemarketisdeep,alargeorderisneededtochangetheprice.Marketdepthcloselyrelatestothenotionofliquidity,theeasetofindatradingpartnerforagivenorder:adeepmarketisalsoaliquidmarket.Fedfunds:联邦基金FundsdepositedbycommercialbanksatFederalReserveBanks，designedtoenablebankstemporarilyshortoftheirreserverequirementtoborrowreservesfrombankshavingexcessreserves,andalsocalledfederalfunds.Fedfundsrate:联邦基金利率TheinterestratethatbankschargeeachotherfortheuseofFedfunds.ItchangesdailyandisasensitiveindicatorofgeneralinterestratetrendsBaserate:基准利率Itissynonymouswithprimerate，usedasabasistopriceloans.Amarginofloanrateandbaseratereflectstheriskoftheborrowers.Prime(interest)rate:优惠利率（基准利率）=favorablerate=concessionalrate=preferentialrateThePrimeInterestRateistheinterestratechargedbybankstotheirmostcreditworthycustomers(usuallythemostprominentandstablebusinesscustomers)ortothecustomerssubsidizedbythestate.Concessionalloan:优惠贷款Primeassets:主要资产Primebankbill:一流银行票据primecorporatebond:优等公司债Primecredit:优等信贷Primeinvestment:最佳投资Sub-primemortgage(loan)crisis:次级抵押贷款危机（次贷危机）次级：subordinated/secondary/sub-primeMarket(interest)rate:市场利率Ratesofinterestpaidondepositsandotherinvestments,determinedbytheinteractionofthesupplyofanddemandforfundsinthemoneymarketMarketable:适销的，能在市场出售的Marketablesecurity:适销证券，有价证券Equitysecurity:产权证券Debtsecurity:债权证券Marketability:市场能力，流动性，适销性=liquidity流动性，清偿力TreasuryBills:国库券Treasurybills,orT-bills,areinstrumentsissuedbythegovernmentwithanoriginalmaturityofoneyearorless,whicharesoldatadiscountfromtheirfacevalue.Forinstance,youmightpay$970fora$1,000bill.Whenthebillmatures,youwouldbepaid$1,000.Thedifferencebetweenthepurchasepriceandfacevalueisinterest.Treasurynotes:财政中期债券Treasurynotes,sometimescalledT-Notes,areinstrumentsissuedbygovernmentwithanoriginalmaturityfromonetotenyears,earningafixedrateofinteresteverysixmonthsuntilmaturity.Treasurybonds:长期债券Treasurybondsareinstrumentsissuedbythegovernmentwithanoriginalmaturityoftenyearsormore,earnafixedrateofinteresteverysixmonthsuntilmaturity.Auction:拍卖Thesellingofrealorpersonalpropertytothehighestbidderbyapersonlicensedandauthorizedtoselltheproperty.Theauctioneerisemployedbytheownerorsellerofthepropertyasanagentandnormallyreceivesapercentageofthesalespriceashisorhercommission.Proceeds:收入，进款，收益realproperty:不动产personalproperty:个人财产bidder:投标人,出价人,Bidprice:出价（买价)Asked(ask/asking)price:要价（卖价）=offering(offer/offered)priceAskandbidsystem：竞价系统Offeredrate:贷出利率=loanrateBidrate:借入利率=borrowingrateBidandofferedrate:借入贷出利率bid-and-askedquotation（quote）:买卖报价bidandaskedspread:买卖差价bidincompetition:竞价Competitivebid(bidding):竞争性报价Noncompetitivebid(bidding):非竞争性报价buyonbid:竞价购买Buyoncredit:赊购关于“招标、投标”的翻译目前我国对《中华人民共和国招标投标法》的翻译有三种：1、《中国招标》：TheLawofthePeople’sRepublicofChinaonBidInvitationandBidding2、中国国际招标网：TheLawofthePeople’sRepublicofChinaonTendersandBids3、国家发展计划委员会政策法规司编译《招标投标法及配套法规汇编》：TheTenderingandBiddingLawofthePeople’sRepublicofChina那么，招标和投标两个单词应该怎么翻译成英文呢？其实，招标和投标不是起源于中国，招标和投标是先有英文的。我们只要看一看世界银行的《采购指南》和《招标文件》范本就可以了。世界银行的招标、投标和投标人这三个词的用法在1992年前和1992年后是不同的。现比较如下：在1992年前用T字母打头的：招标：Tendering投标（投标文件）：Tender投标人：Tenderer1992年开始用B字母打头的：招标：Bidding投标（投标文件）：Bid投标人:BidderInstructionstoTenderers：投标人须知=InstructionstoBiddersEligibleTenderers：合格的投标人=EligibleBiddersOriginalTender：投标文件正本=OriginalBidbidding：招标（n.）=Invitationforbid=tendering:招标(n.)=invitationfortenderTenderingDocuments：招标文件=BiddingDocuments=tenderee=biddee:招标人（注：世行无此词）CopyofTender：投标文件副本=CopyofBidTenderPrices：投标价格=BidPricesTenderingCo.招标公司=biddingCo.投标保证金：TenderSecurity=BidSecurity开标：TenderOpening/BidOpeningOffering:出售物，（证券）出售,发行Offeringdate:发行日=issuedateOpenoffer:公开发售=PublicofferOfferforsubscription:公开招股initialpublicoffering（IPO):首次公开发行=list上市=gopublic上市Acompany‘sfirstpublicofferingofsecurities,inordertogopublic.Publicoffering:公募，公开发行Privateoffering:私人配售，私募=privateplacementPublicly-heldcompany:公开招股公司Closely-heldcompany:不公开招股公司Redherring:公开招股说明(IPO)Prospectus:招股说明书offeringmemorandum发行备忘录Preliminaryprospectus:初步招股说明书Asprincipal:做自营=asdealerAsagent:做代理=asbroker委托人：trustor;principal;consignor(寄售人，发货人)受托人：trustee;agent;consignee（受货人，代销人）Consign:v.n.委托,托付；托运，寄售，用作，当作1.Heconsignedthebabytothecareoftheaunt.2.Wewillconsignthegoodstohimbyexpress.3.Wedon’tagreetoconsignthegoodsinourShop.4.Themaximumweighteverypassengercanconsignis60kg.Consignor:托运人；委托人；寄售人Consignee:收货人；受托人；代销人Consigngoods:寄售品；托运货物Consignmentbill托运单Assign:(v)过户；转让Assignor(er):转让人Assignee:受让人Assigninblank:不记名转让Assignation:转让（n.）=assignmentAssignable:可转让的Assignablecontract:可转让Assignmentcost:转让成本Certificatesofdeposit:存单ACDisanunsecuredbankliability,Short-ormedium-term,whichisinterestbearing,indenominationsof$100000andmore.CommercialPaper:商业票据CPisanunsecuredshort-termpromissorynoteissuedbyhighcreditratingcorporations,withfixedmaturityusuallylessthan270days.SecuritiesandExchangeCommission(SEC):证券交易委员会Outstanding:未结清的，未收回的Unpaidoruncollectedaccounts.Outstandingbalance:未清余额Outstandingchecks:尚未兑现的支票Outstandingcontract:未清算合约Outstandingofloan:放款余额Banker’sAcceptance:银行承兑汇票（BA）Billsofexchange,thathavebeenacceptedbyabankwhich,byaccepting,assumestheobligationtopaytheholderofthedraftthefaceamountoftheinstrumentonthematuritydatespecified.Tradeacceptance:商业承兑汇票abillofexchangedrawnonthebuyerbythesellerandbearingthebuyer‘sacceptance.promissorynote：期票，本票Anunconditionalwrittenpromise(usuallysignedbythedebtor)topayacertainsuminmoney,ondemand,oratafixedordeterminablefuturedate,eithertothebearerortotheorderofadesignatedperson.Abatement:减免Abatementoftaxes:减税Originalaccumulation:原始积累Originalbeneficiary:原始受益人Refund:再筹资；偿还；退款Refundbond:偿债债券Refundingofbond:公债的偿还Refundofduty:退税=RefundoftaxRefundableinterest:应退利息Refundabletax:应退税款Amortization:摊分；摊还,分期偿还Liquidationofaloanorsecuritybymeansofperiodicreductions.二级市场的组织有两种形态：一种是有组织交易所，证券的买主和卖主(或他们的代理人或经纪人)在交易所的一个中心地点见面并进行交易。另一种是场外(OTC)市场，地处不同地区的拥有证券存货的交易商们随时向与他们联系并愿意接受他们价格的任何人买卖证券。根据市场上交易的证券的期限长短，可以对市场作出另一种划分：货币市场是原始期限为1年或1年以下的短期债务工具交易的金融市场；资本市场则是原始期限1年以上的长期债务和股权工具交易的市场。货币市场证券比长期证券的交易更为广泛，因此，也更具有流动性。此外，短期证券的价格波动比长期证券更小，也使其成为较安全的投资。汉译英练习：