鲁迅笔下的悲剧人物

鲁迅笔下的悲剧人物 谈鲁迅笔下的悲剧人物 ----读《呐喊》有感 假期闲来无事，便去图书馆转转。扫视着琳琅满目的书籍，终于，在看到《呐喊》的时候，我停了下来。对于鲁迅先生，我是比较熟悉的。因为以前的语文教材都有收录他的文章。因为他的思想的深刻，所以即使过了那么多年，我仍能说出它们的名字。再重新看一遍，我有了和以前不一样的感受。《呐喊》是一部巨作，虽然它的篇幅小，文章少，但是在文中揭露的中国却是针针见血。《狂人日记》固然给了我很大的震撼，但这次我想说说鲁迅笔下的几个悲剧人物。从他们身上，我不仅看到了他们自身的悲剧命运，似乎也看到整个社会的病态，或许每一个人物都是中华民族人民的缩影吧。 一、《阿Q正传》里的阿Q 鲁迅塑造的经典形象，我曾问自己为何如今文人笔下没有如此生动的形象诞生,究起原因，是社会造人。那时是封建思想顽固、地主当道、军阀统治的时代，未庄就是被封建思想毒害了的村庄。《阿Q正传》是以辛亥革命前后一个农村小镇未庄坐为背景，塑造了一个从物质到精神都受到迫害的农民典型。 上无片瓦，下无寸土，孤苦伶仃地寄住在土谷祠里。无名无姓。有个姓氏却被赵太爷剥夺了。只能靠打短工来维持生计。他的可悲却主要还不在物质生活条件的被剥夺，而在于他精神生活的被扭曲。比如，被人打了，就用“儿子打老子”来自我安慰;别人说他混得差，of door and window boxes, the jambs set aside in advance to check geometry meets the design requirements. Installation of door and window frames would preferably be conducted upon completion of the construction of the main structure, door and window door installation should be at the end of the indoor and outdoor decoration, so as to avoid civil installation damage to each other. Popup +500mm elevations in advance, as door and window level control line. Exterior door and window installation will pop up on the walls a uniform elevation control line and vertical line from bottom to top, elevation and vertical deviation is controlled with doors and Windows. Check the embedded specification of the number, location and planting method, aluminum window has no damage, deformation, repair, correction or replacement should be carried out promptly. Check for corrosion materials, sealing materials and cleaning materials with the design requirements and specifications. 2, installation procedure 1) door and window frame installation according to the location of the doors and Windows installed wire, when doors and Windows opening to the edge of the door and window frames size is greater than 15mm, first with cement mortar plastering the wall size on all sides from the door and window frames edge 15mm position and the surface is rough. If the thickness is greater than 30mm, should be of fine stone concrete formwork for concrete pouring. After the base strength. Door frame mounting hole place to wedge 他就用“祖先比你阔”来搪塞。分明是别人借乱抢走了他赌赢的钱，他却在愤怒之中抡起巴掌打自己一个耳光，仿佛是在打别人一样。在接连不断地幻想自己是胜利者，用以自我安慰。有人说阿Q这是乐观的现，是值得我们去学习的。这实在是要不得的，这根本就是驼鸟心态。阿Q的“精神胜利法”实际上只是一种自我麻醉的手段，它并不会使他变得更强，也可以说是他自暴自弃的表现方法吧，使他不能够正视自己被压迫的悲惨地位并沉溺到更为屈辱的奴隶生活中去。这就是阿Q的生活哲学，甚至于说是在封建压迫下，更多弱者的生活哲学。 他的“精神胜利法”在那个时代具有广泛的代表性。当时的统治者面对帝国主义的侵略，面对丧权辱国的形势，仍然自称“天朝”，鼓吹中国文明“为全球所仰望”，这不也是和阿Q的“精神胜利法”如出一辙吗,再看看今天，仍有许多的“阿Q”不学无术、游手好闲，慢慢的成为社会负担，这些人既可悲又可怜。 “狮子的凶心，兔子的怯弱，狐狸的狡猾”。这是鲁讯用来形容农村土豪劣绅的品性，赵太爷父子是当时农村土豪劣绅的代表。他们自己可以妻妾成群，却以封建礼教的维护者的面目出现，惩治向吴妈求爱的阿Q。 阿Q和赵太爷，在某种程度上，其实都是一类货色，假如阿Q得势，将是个赵太爷，假如赵太爷失势，则又会是活脱脱一个阿Q。 阿Q的身上还有封建的正统思想和传统意识。他自己虽然经常受到别人的侮辱，但却对女人的那种带有浓厚传统色彩的蔑视，欺侮女of door and window boxes, the jambs set aside in advance to check geometry meets the design requirements. Installation of door and window frames would preferably be conducted upon completion of the construction of the main structure, door and window door installation should be at the end of the indoor and outdoor decoration, so as to avoid civil installation damage to each other. Popup +500mm elevations in advance, as door and window level control line. Exterior door and window installation will pop up on the walls a uniform elevation control line and vertical line from bottom to top, elevation and vertical deviation is controlled with doors and Windows. Check the embedded specification of the number, location and planting method, aluminum window has no damage, deformation, repair, correction or replacement should be carried out promptly. Check for corrosion materials, sealing materials and cleaning materials with the design requirements and specifications. 2, installation procedure 1) door and window frame installation according to the location of the doors and Windows installed wire, when doors and Windows opening to the edge of the door and window frames size is greater than 15mm, first with cement mortar plastering the wall size on all sides from the door and window frames edge 15mm position and the surface is rough. If the thickness is greater than 30mm, should be of fine stone concrete formwork for concrete pouring. After the base strength. Door frame mounting hole place to wedge 人，并且认为“女人是祸水”。尽管到处流浪，还要传宗接代，所谓“不孝有三，无后为大” 体现了宗法家族思想。 即便阿Q这样不觉悟的农民，也真心向往革命。但在阿Q的眼中，革命就是古代戏曲中的场面——“银盔银甲。三尖两刃刀”;所谓的革命，就是抢得财产，把秀才家的宁式床搬来;就是抢得女人，把秀才老婆和女儿等女人抢来，享受他得三妻四妾式的帝王生活;就是欺压别人，让小D搬东西，搬不快就打。所以，阿Q的革命一旦成功将比失败让人更加可怕。 阿Q的阶级地位决定他欢迎革命，但他不了解革命，结果被篡夺了革命果实的封建地主阶级枪毙示众。小说有力地批判了辛亥革命的脱离群众和不彻底性，表达了作者“改造国民性”的思想观点。 可悲的是，阿Q到死也不知道自己为什么被枪毙，而且还在死前表演了他最后的精神胜利法:“过了二十年又是一个„„”鲁迅是怀着一种“哀其不幸，怒其不争”的心态写阿Q的，却又包含唤醒民众的热情，这也体现了他爱祖国爱人民的本质，并不是真正的厌恶，是为了揭露国民的劣根性，揭示了病态社会人们的病苦，以引起疗救者的注意，改造中国的社会。 二、《孔乙己》里的孔乙己 一个悲剧的读书人形象。开篇便表明孔乙己身份的尴尬。“长衫”是读书人，他们是受人尊敬的，能坐着喝酒;“短衣帮”则是只能在散工后，站着热热地喝了休息的人。但孔乙己在这里则是异物，因为of door and window boxes, the jambs set aside in advance to check geometry meets the design requirements. Installation of door and window frames would preferably be conducted upon completion of the construction of the main structure, door and window door installation should be at the end of the indoor and outdoor decoration, so as to avoid civil installation damage to each other. Popup +500mm elevations in advance, as door and window level control line. Exterior door and window installation will pop up on the walls a uniform elevation control line and vertical line from bottom to top, elevation and vertical deviation is controlled with doors and Windows. Check the embedded specification of the number, location and planting method, aluminum window has no damage, deformation, repair, correction or replacement should be carried out promptly. Check for corrosion materials, sealing materials and cleaning materials with the design requirements and specifications. 2, installation procedure 1) door and window frame installation according to the location of the doors and Windows installed wire, when doors and Windows opening to the edge of the door and window frames size is greater than 15mm, first with cement mortar plastering the wall size on all sides from the door and window frames edge 15mm position and the surface is rough. If the thickness is greater than 30mm, should be of fine stone concrete formwork for concrete pouring. After the base strength. Door frame mounting hole place to wedge 他是“站着喝酒而穿长衫的唯一的人”，这样的身份定会遭受人们的讥笑，不光“长衫”瞧不起他，连“短衣帮”也嘲笑他。他不被社会所融合。这也注定了他今后的悲剧的必然性。 孔乙己的人生是一场悲剧。他既未能进学，又不会营生，好吃懒做，相当于一个废人。当有人揭发他偷书的时候，“孔乙己便涨红了脸，额上的青筋条条绽出争辩道，‘窃书不能算偷„„窃书～„„读书人的事，能算偷么,’接连便是难懂的话，什么‘君子固穷’，什么‘者乎’之类，引得众人都哄笑起来:店内外充满了快活的空气。”这一方面表明了他死要面子，另一方面也揭示了孔乙己受封建科举制度的毒害之深，连辩解都要带上“之乎者也”。 科举制度，八股取士，几千年来抹杀了多少有识之士，磨去多少个性的棱角，它所塑造的是无数没有思想的，满口之乎者也的封建傀儡。他穷因潦倒、自命清高，被人们作为笑料;满口仁义道德，却为生活所迫也当起“梁上君子”，最终，死也许是对他最好的解脱，这是多么讽刺! 反映了封建文化和封建教育对读书人的毒害，控诉了科举制度的罪恶。 文章中多次写人们嘲笑孔乙己的场景。在他用“之乎者也”来辩解窃书一事时;在别人问他是否识字时;在孩子们向他要茴香豆时;甚至在他被打断腿之后，仍能被作为取消笑的对象。还有“孔乙己是这样的使人快活，可是没有他，别人也便这样过。”原来，他在人们心目中没有地位,是个可有可无、可笑可怜的多余人。揭示了封建社会的世态炎凉，社会对于不幸者的冷酷，反映了封建社会的腐朽和病态。 of door and window boxes, the jambs set aside in advance to check geometry meets the design requirements. Installation of door and window frames would preferably be conducted upon completion of the construction of the main structure, door and window door installation should be at the end of the indoor and outdoor decoration, so as to avoid civil installation damage to each other. Popup +500mm elevations in advance, as door and window level control line. Exterior door and window installation will pop up on the walls a uniform elevation control line and vertical line from bottom to top, elevation and vertical deviation is controlled with doors and Windows. Check the embedded specification of the number, location and planting method, aluminum window has no damage, deformation, repair, correction or replacement should be carried out promptly. Check for corrosion materials, sealing materials and cleaning materials with the design requirements and specifications. 2, installation procedure 1) door and window frame installation according to the location of the doors and Windows installed wire, when doors and Windows opening to the edge of the door and window frames size is greater than 15mm, first with cement mortar plastering the wall size on all sides from the door and window frames edge 15mm position and the surface is rough. If the thickness is greater than 30mm, should be of fine stone concrete formwork for concrete pouring. After the base strength. Door frame mounting hole place to wedge 孔乙己应该是很喜欢小孩的，这从他教“我”写字，给孩子们茴香豆吃可以看出。这也体现了孔乙己内心的善良。但是作为孩子的“我”却对他爱理不理，瞧不起他，吃茴香豆的小孩也嘲笑他，这也为孔乙己增添了一丝悲凉气息。“我”即是旁观者又是参与者，从一个孩子的角度来看，孔乙己是一个与周围环境极不协调的喜剧人物，以喜写悲，使悲更悲。 孔乙己被丁举人打断腿。孔乙己遭受了那么大的欺侮，在熟识的咸亨酒店里竟然得不到人们应有的关切、同情，受到的仍是讥笑;对于丁举人的凶残行径，却也没有谁站出来表示一点愤慨和不平。中国封建制度下社会里人们之间的关系冷漠到了何等触目惊心、令人颤栗的地步～ 最后是文中值得琢磨的一句话:“孔乙己大约的确是死了”。 无法想象那个时代的人可以对死亡这么的轻描淡写，就连孩童都如此的麻木无情。而人们关心着的是自己的腰包，就像老板想起了孔乙己，也只是因为那十九文钱罢了。“大约”是表估计的，“的确”是表肯定的。按语法来说，这个句子是有毛病的。“的确”一词是孔乙己悲剧的必然归结。他在那个时代不可能获得别的结局:在他腿未打折之前，他的生计已经很难维持了，何况折腿以后，除了穷死饿死，别无生路。 “大约”是因为谁也没有亲眼看到孔乙己死了，表示一种推测。这也没什么好深究的，因为人们本来就没有关心过他。 三、《明天》中的单四嫂子 of door and window boxes, the jambs set aside in advance to check geometry meets the design requirements. Installation of door and window frames would preferably be conducted upon completion of the construction of the main structure, door and window door installation should be at the end of the indoor and outdoor decoration, so as to avoid civil installation damage to each other. Popup +500mm elevations in advance, as door and window level control line. Exterior door and window installation will pop up on the walls a uniform elevation control line and vertical line from bottom to top, elevation and vertical deviation is controlled with doors and Windows. Check the embedded specification of the number, location and planting method, aluminum window has no damage, deformation, repair, correction or replacement should be carried out promptly. Check for corrosion materials, sealing materials and cleaning materials with the design requirements and specifications. 2, installation procedure 1) door and window frame installation according to the location of the doors and Windows installed wire, when doors and Windows opening to the edge of the door and window frames size is greater than 15mm, first with cement mortar plastering the wall size on all sides from the door and window frames edge 15mm position and the surface is rough. If the thickness is greater than 30mm, should be of fine stone concrete formwork for concrete pouring. After the base strength. Door frame mounting hole place to wedge 单四嫂子，一个年轻寡妇形象。单四嫂子丧夫之后，恪守妇道，把儿子看做自己的希望。三岁的儿子宝儿得了病，单四嫂子为他四处求医，盼望着“明天”宝儿的病就能好，但“明天”带给她的却是绝望，是丧子的更大不幸。 单四嫂子的悲剧令人痛心。导致她悲剧原因是:第一，神经的麻木。几千年的封建礼教麻木了她的神经。她唯一明白的，就是把宝儿抚养大，以防老送终。第二，世人的冷漠。人们之间没有关爱，愚昧、冷漠、损人利已成为社会的通病。当单四嫂子因孩子陷入凄苦时，她没有得到任何同情和帮助，而是迷信、庸医欺骗了她纺纱的可怜积蓄，害了她儿子。“动过手开过口的人”都吃了单四嫂子一顿饭，对她无异于雪上加霜，而明天，等着单四嫂子的又是什么, 多么一幅令人震悚的中国妇女孤立无助的图景，在封建社会，单四嫂子的生活是十分可悲的，不管她怎样挣扎，都逃离不了社会加予她的枷锁。卑怯者的恃强凌弱更令人为之为痛恨，鲁镇上红鼻子老拱、蓝皮阿五对单四嫂子的欺凌。红鼻子老拱、蓝皮阿五也是底层民众，也是需要帮助和同情的，但是对于更弱势的人群，也缺乏真诚的同情，采取的是一种冷漠旁观的态度，并通过欺侮来宣泄自己受压迫、受欺侮时郁积的怨愤之气。真让人心寒。这是怎样一种扭曲的人生。希望单四嫂子这悲惨的人生，能够唤醒那沉睡的民众。 单四嫂子是一个弱小者，没有朋友，没有亲人，没有一个为他着想的人。任何时代都会有弱者，作为一个现代人，我们从她的遭遇中更加应该去反思、去行动、真正扛起关爱身边的弱者的责任。 of door and window boxes, the jambs set aside in advance to check geometry meets the design requirements. Installation of door and window frames would preferably be conducted upon completion of the construction of the main structure, door and window door installation should be at the end of the indoor and outdoor decoration, so as to avoid civil installation damage to each other. Popup +500mm elevations in advance, as door and window level control line. Exterior door and window installation will pop up on the walls a uniform elevation control line and vertical line from bottom to top, elevation and vertical deviation is controlled with doors and Windows. Check the embedded specification of the number, location and planting method, aluminum window has no damage, deformation, repair, correction or replacement should be carried out promptly. Check for corrosion materials, sealing materials and cleaning materials with the design requirements and specifications. 2, installation procedure 1) door and window frame installation according to the location of the doors and Windows installed wire, when doors and Windows opening to the edge of the door and window frames size is greater than 15mm, first with cement mortar plastering the wall size on all sides from the door and window frames edge 15mm position and the surface is rough. If the thickness is greater than 30mm, should be of fine stone concrete formwork for concrete pouring. After the base strength. Door frame mounting hole place to wedge 四、《药》中的夏瑜 在城市中 , 一位青年华小栓因为得了肺痨 , 其父亲向刽子手买来一个传说中用革命烈士鲜血所作的馒头后 , 华小栓吃了还是死了～同时 , 在这个城市的另一边,古轩亭口 , 鲜血的来源者是一位叫夏瑜的青年 , 因为参加推翻满清运动而被斩首。在凄凉的坟场上，只剩两个失去爱子的母亲，无限的伤痛„„ 一个资产阶级民主革命者的形象。除了社会底层的人物形象之外，鲁迅还塑造了一些刚刚觉醒的革命人士形象。他家境贫寒，以致使红眼睛阿义从他身上“榨不出一点油水”;他对资产阶级民主革命有明确的认识，这大清的天下是我们大家的;他意志坚定，甚至劝牢头造反。最后，还是逃不过悲剧的命运，慷慨就义了，华老栓则用他的血染的血馒头来治自己儿子的病。 夏瑜为社会而牺牲，希望能换来人们的觉醒。但茶客们却说他“疯了”。他有改善社会的良好愿望，为社会，为自己，追求过，奋斗过，有对人对己的真诚的感情，但当时的社会却不能容忍他，因为他的力量还太弱小，遇着几千年的腐朽没落的封建制度相比。人们因为麻木太久，也没有能从中绝醒过来。但他并不孤单，“再往上一瞧却不觉也吃一惊;,,分明有一圈红白的花，围著那尖圆的坟顶”，他的同伴们还在继续努力。鲁迅同情这些革命人士，因为在当时的社会，只有这些他们还在为社会的进步而挣扎、奋斗。 of door and window boxes, the jambs set aside in advance to check geometry meets the design requirements. Installation of door and window frames would preferably be conducted upon completion of the construction of the main structure, door and window door installation should be at the end of the indoor and outdoor decoration, so as to avoid civil installation damage to each other. Popup +500mm elevations in advance, as door and window level control line. Exterior door and window installation will pop up on the walls a uniform elevation control line and vertical line from bottom to top, elevation and vertical deviation is controlled with doors and Windows. Check the embedded specification of the number, location and planting method, aluminum window has no damage, deformation, repair, correction or replacement should be carried out promptly. Check for corrosion materials, sealing materials and cleaning materials with the design requirements and specifications. 2, installation procedure 1) door and window frame installation according to the location of the doors and Windows installed wire, when doors and Windows opening to the edge of the door and window frames size is greater than 15mm, first with cement mortar plastering the wall size on all sides from the door and window frames edge 15mm position and the surface is rough. If the thickness is greater than 30mm, should be of fine stone concrete formwork for concrete pouring. After the base strength. Door frame mounting hole place to wedge 掩卷沉思。 《吶喊》的确是一本很值得我们阅读的名著，从中可以感受到鲁迅先生的爱国情怀与反封建的思想。他的言语犀利，刀刃直指向敌人的心脏;他的感情沉重又深刻，包含了多少对中华民族的爱～喊醒封建社会人们麻木的灵魂! 《吶喊》更是喊醒了我，如当头棒喝般。风声雨声读书声声声入耳，家事国事天下事事事关心。我以后更会多留意社会民生，将来努力为振兴中华出一分力～ of door and window boxes, the jambs set aside in advance to check geometry meets the design requirements. Installation of door and window frames would preferably be conducted upon completion of the construction of the main structure, door and window door installation should be at the end of the indoor and outdoor decoration, so as to avoid civil installation damage to each other. Popup +500mm elevations in advance, as door and window level control line. Exterior door and window installation will pop up on the walls a uniform elevation control line and vertical line from bottom to top, elevation and vertical deviation is controlled with doors and Windows. Check the embedded specification of the number, location and planting method, aluminum window has no damage, deformation, repair, correction or replacement should be carried out promptly. Check for corrosion materials, sealing materials and cleaning materials with the design requirements and specifications. 2, installation procedure 1) door and window frame installation according to the location of the doors and Windows installed wire, when doors and Windows opening to the edge of the door and window frames size is greater than 15mm, first with cement mortar plastering the wall size on all sides from the door and window frames edge 15mm position and the surface is rough. If the thickness is greater than 30mm, should be of fine stone concrete formwork for concrete pouring. After the base strength. Door frame mounting hole place to wedge