第十四讲 状语从句和主句的时态呼应

第十四讲 状语从句和主句的时态呼应 修饰主句谓语动词的句子是初中阶段要求掌握的状语从句。说明主句动作发生的时间、地点、条件、原因、比较、结果、目的和让步等，这样的从句叫状语从句。 状语从句的重点和考点是： 1）主句和从句的连接词， 2）.主句和从句的谓语动词的时态呼应（相互关系） 3）.时间状语从句和条件状语从句的谓语动词遵循主将从现规则。 概念：在复合句中，由时间连接词引导的状语从句叫做时间状语从句。（在复合句中，要注意主句和从句的石头大多要保持相对一致。） 要点：时间状语从句，由以下连词引导： when, while, as, after, before, as soon as, since ,till/until ,by the time 在时间状语从句中，要注意时态一致。一般情况下主句是将来时的时候，从句要用一般现在时。 1.when 当…的时候 Mozart started writing music when he was four years old. 2.while 当…时 He visited a lot of places while he was traveling. 3.as 在…的同时，一边…一边… He smiled as he stood up. 4.after 在…..之后 He left the classroom after he had finished his homework the other day. 5.before 在….之前 Mr. Brown had worked in a bank for a year before he came here. 6.as soon as 一…就… We began to work as soon as we got there. I will write to you as soon as I get home. 7.since 自….以来， 到现在 表示自过去的一个时间起点到目前（说话时间）为止的一段持续时间，主句一般用现在完成时，从句用一般过去时。 Mr Green has taught in that school since he came to China three years ago. (还可以作介词，本句从句还可以用短语：since three years ago) 8.till/ until 都可以作连词，连接时间状语，也可以作介词，与其他词构成介词短语，在句中作状语 They walked till /until it was dark. Xiao Ming didn’t leave home till/until his father came back. 9.by the time 到…为止（所在句子的主句应用完成时） By the time he gets there, his father has already gone. By the time I got to school, the class had already began. 一、时间状语从句（adverbial clause of time） 1.由when, while, as引导的时间状语从句 When you think you know nothing, then you begin to know something. When truth is buried under the ground it grows, it chokes,it gathers such an explosive force that on the day it bursts out, it blows up everything with it. Strike while the iron is hoe. Will you watch my clothes while I have a swim. You can feel the air moving as your hand pushes through it. Our headmaster laughed as she spoke. when,while 和as的区别 when 引导的从句的谓语动词可以是延续性的动词，又可以是瞬间动词，并且，when有时间，表示“就在那时”，如： When she came in, I stopped eating. When I lived in the countryside, I used to carry some water for him. We were about to leave when he came in. while 引导的从句的谓语动词必须是延续性动词，并强调主句和从句的动作同时发生。（或者相对应）。while有时还表示对比。 While my wife was reading the newspaper, I was watching TV.(was reading 是延续性动词。reading 和was watching同时发生。) I like playing football while you like playing basketball. As 表示“一边…一边”，as引导的动作是延续性的动作一般用用于主句和从句动作同时发生。as也可以强调“一先一后”。如： We always sing as we walk. As we was going out, it began to snow. (as强调句中两个动作紧接着先后发生，而不强调开始下雪的特定时间。) 表示“一边…一边”的意思 as 强调两个动作同时进行，并表示对比时用于发生时间较短时。 when 1）.还可以表示从句动词的动作在主句动词的动作“之前”或“之后”发生。 2）.when=and then,,at that moment while 1).用于时间较长者。 2）.强调两个动作同时进行，并表示对比时。 有时这三个词可以互换，有时不可以。 It was raining hard when (as) I got there.（从句的动作发生在主句之前，只能用when） He was about to leave, when the telephone rang. while , as 不能代替 She thought I was talking about her daughter, while , in fact, I was talking about my daughter.(表示转折，对比，when ,as 都不能代替) While the alien was buying a souvenir, the girl called the police.(同时进行) Mother was worried because little Alice was ill, especially as (when/while) father was away. 2.由before 和after引导的时间状语从句。 注意before 引导的从句不再用否定式的谓语，并且当before 引导的从句位于主句之后，有时译成“就，才”，还有注意主句和从句之间的时间关系。当主句用将来时，从句总是yoga现在时。如果before引导的从句谓语用的是过去时，则主句动词多用于过去完成时，这样以便体现动作发生的先后。after 表示主句动作发生在从句动作之后。主句和从句的动作的时间关系正好与before引导的从句相反。如： It will be four days before they come back. Einstein almost knocked me down before he saw me. They had not been married four months before they were divorced. After you think it over, please let me know what you decide. After we had finished the work, we went home. 3.由till或until引导的时间状语从句 till 和until一般情况下两者可以互换，单数在强调句型中多用until，并且要注意的是：如果主句中的谓语动词是瞬间动词时，必须用否定形式；如果主句中的谓语动词是延续性动词时，用肯定或否定形式都可以，但表达的意思不同。如： I didn’t go to bed until (till) my father came back. It was not until the meeting was over that he began to teach me English. I worked until he came back. I didn’t work until he came back. Please wait until I arrived. 4.由since引导的时间状语从句 since引导的时间状语从句谓语动词可以是延续性的动词，又可以是瞬间动词，一般情况下，从句谓语动词用一般过去时，而主句的谓语动词用现在完成时。但在It is +时间+since从句的句型中， 主句多用一般现在时。如： I have been in Beijing since you left. Where have you been since I last saw you It is four years since my sister lived in Beijing. It is five months since our boss was in Beijing. 知识拓展 It is since 从……以来多长时间了（since+从句或名词，表示一段时间） It is five years since we met last time. 2.it is +before …(…才.) It was a long time before I went to sleep again. It was an hour before (=until) the police arrived 5.as soon as, immediately, directly, instantly, the moment, the instant, the minute,等引导的时间状语从句，这些连词都表示“…就.”。如： I will go there directly I have finished my breakfast. The moment I heard the news, I hastened to the spot6/ As soon as I reach Canada, I will ring you up. 注意：hardly (scarecely, rarely)…when/before, no sooner…than 相当于as soon as之意。 主句用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时。当hardly ,scarcely, rarely 和no sooner位于句首时，主句应用倒装句。 He had no sooner arrived home than he was asked to start on another journey. No sooner had the sun shown itself above the horizon than he got out of bed to commence work. Hardly had I sat down when he stepped in. He had hardly fallen asleep when he felt a soft touch on his shoulder. 6.由by the time引导的时间状语从句。 注意时态的变化：在一般情况下，如果从句的谓语动词用一般过去时，主句的谓语动词用过去完成时；如果主句的谓语动词用一般现在时，主句的谓语动词用将来完成时。如： By the time you came back, I had finished this book. By the time you come here tomorrow, I will have finished this work. 7.由each time, every time 和whenever引导的时间状语从句。如： Each time he came to Harbin, he would call on me. Whenever that man says “To tell the truth”,I suspect that he’s about to tell a lie. You grow younger every time I see you. 8.由as long as和so long as 引导的时间状语从句。这两个连词表示“有多久…就多久”，通常翻译为“只要”。如： You can go where you like as long as you get back before dadrk. I will fight against these conditions as long as there is a breath in my body! 二、地点状语从句（adverbial clause of place） 地点状语从句一般由连接副词where, wherever等引导，已经形成了固定的句型。 要点：由连词where和复合关系词wherever（=农matter where）引导。如： 句型1.where +地点从句，（there） +从句。 注意：此句型通常翻译成“哪里…….哪里就….”，主句在从句后面时，there 可用可不用，如果主句在从句的前面时，一般都不用there。如： Where there is no rain, farming is difficult or impossible. They were good persons. Where they went, there they were warmly welcomed. You should have put the book where you found it. Where the Communist Party of China goes, there ithe people are liverated. 句型2.Anywhere /wherever +地点从句，+主句 注意：anywhere 本身是个副词，但是，常可用引导从句，相当于连词，意思相似于 wherever. ,anywhere 引导的从句可位于主句之前，也可以位于主句之后。而wherever 本身就是个连词，表示“在何处，无论何处”，如： Where the sea si, you will find seamen. Where there is a will, there is a way. It will be mixed school where not all the children are disabled. 3.wherever you go , I go too. Wherever there is somke, there is fire. While she was wondering where to go, she met a policeman. 疑问副词where 后跟不定式，构成不定式短语。 三，条件状语从句 要点：条件状语从句由连词if, unless (=if not)引导。 If it doesn’t rain tomorrow,we will go hiking. You will get good grades if you study hard. You will be late unless you leave immediately. 难点提示：用条件状语从句时要注意时态的正确使用，当主句是将来时的时候，从句要用一般现在时。 He will not leave if it isn’t fine tomorrow. They are going to have a picnic if it doesn’t rain next week. 四。原因状语从句 要点：有连词because, since, as 引导，也可由for , now that 等词引导 1.I didn’t go to school yesterday because I was ill. 2.Since everybody is here, let’s begin our meeting. 3.As you are in poor health, you should not stay up late. 4.I asked her to stay to tea, for I had something to tell her. 难点：because，since, as, for 辨析。 1）.because 语势最强，用来说明人所不知的原因，回答why提出的问题，当原因是显而易见的已为人们所知，就用as或since. I didn’t go, because I was afraid. Since/As the weather is so bad, we have to delay our journey. 2).由because 引导的从句如果放在句末，且前面有逗号，则可以用for 来代替，但如果不是说明直接原因，二十多种情况加以推测，就只能用for. He is absent today, for he is ill. He must be ill, for he is absent today. 3).as 和for的区别 通常情况下，as引导的从句在主句前，for引导的从句在主句后，如： As the weather is cold, I stay at home.=I stay at home, for the weather is cold. 五。目的状语从句 要点：目的状语从句由连词that,so that, so…that, in order that 引导、 1.so that 以至，以便 I’ll run slowly so that you can catch up with me. I opened the window so that fresh air might come in. 2.in order that =so that 为了 We shall let you know the details soon in order that you can/may make your arrangements. 3.despite 不是连词，不能引导句子。 六、结果状语从句 要点：结果状语从句由连词（so）that, so…that, such…that, so much/many ….that 引导。 1.so…that 如此…以至于 The scientist’s report was so instructive that we were all very excited. He always studied so hard that he made great progress. 2.such…that 如此，以至于 It’s such nice weather that all of us want to go to the park. 3.比较：so 和such 其规律由 so 与such的不同词性决定。such是形容词，修饰名词或名词词组，so是副词，只能修饰形容词或副词。so 还可与表示数量的形容词many, few, much, little连用，形成固定搭配。 so foolish, such a fool so nice a flower, such a nice flower so many /few flowers , such nice flowers so much /little money, such rapid progress so many people , such a lot of people (so many已成固定搭配，, a lot of虽然相当于many,但 a lot of为名词性的，只能用such搭配,) so …that 与such…that之间的转换即为so与such之间的转换。 难点 +形容词或副词 +形+a (an) +单数可数名词+that +much 或little+不可数名词 so that, such…that 都可以in order that 两者都可引导目的状语从句和结果状语从句。 当他们引导目的状语从句时，从句的谓语里常常有can, could , may, might, will, would等词。 so +adj或adv+that，such+n +that以上两者句型都表示结果，其中so 为副词，后接形容词，副词原形，当可数名词前有many, few, 不可数名词前有much, little 修饰时，应采用句型so many (few,much,.lttle)+n。such为形容词，后只能接名词，这名词既可以是可数的，也可以是不可数的，如果这名词是可数，单数，则必须在名词前加冠词（a/an）. 常见的形式是：such a (beautiful) garden, such (nice ) people. 1.I ‘ve had so many falls that I ‘m black and blue all over.. 2.There are so few notebooks that I’can’t give you any. 3.It is such nice weather that I’d like to take a walk. 4.Mike is so honest a man that we all believe him.=Mike is such an honest man that we all believe him   5.The weather is so nice that I’d like to take a walk. 七、让步状语从句 要点：表示让步的状语从句由连词though,although引导。 难点：though，although 当虽然讲，都不能和but连用，Although（though）…but 的格式是不对的。但是他们都可以用yet (still)连用，所以though(although)…yet(still)的格式是正确的。 错：Although he is rich but he is not happy. 对：Although he is rich ,yet he is not happy. 对：Although we have grown up, our parents treat us as children. 对：Although we have grown up, our parents still treat us as children. although, though 辨析 although不能像though那样作副词，房子句末表示强调时要用even though。 1.He is looking fit, though 。但是他看上去很健康。 2.Even though I didn’t under a word, I kept smiling.尽管我一个字也不懂，但还是一直微笑着。 3.He is quite experienced, he is young, though. 典型例题 1）_________ she is young, she knows quite a lot. A.When      B.However        C.Although      D.Unless 2).as, though  引导倒装句。 as/though引导的让步从句必须表语或状语提前（形容词，副词，分词，实义动词提前） Child as/though he was, he knew what was the right thing to do. =Though he was a small child, he knew what was the right thing to do. 注意：1.句首名词不能带任何冠词。       2.句首是实义动词，其他组动词放在主语后。如果实义动词有宾语和状语，随实义动词一起放在主语后。   Try hard as he will, he never seems able to do the work satisfactorily/.=Though he tries hard, he never seems … 3).ever if, even though.即使 We’ll make a trip even thoug the weather is bad. 4).whether …or 不管……都 Whether you believe it or not, it is true. 5).”no matter +疑问词”或“疑问词+后缀ever” No matter what happened ,he would not mind. Whatever happened, he would not mind. nomatter what =whatever no matter when =whenever no matter where=wherever no matter which=whichever no matter how=however 注意：no matter 不能引导主语从句和宾语从句。 错：  No matter what you say is of no use now. 对：Whatever yousay is of no use now.’ 错：Prisoners have to eat no matter what they’re given. 对：Prisoners have to eat whatever they’re given. 八。比较状语从句 要点：比较状语从句主要运用于形容词和副词的原级，比较级及最高级的句子之中。 原级 1.as…as和…一样 Jack is as tall as Bob. 2.not so (as)…as…和…不一样 She is not so (as) outgoing as her sister. 比较级 more…than 比…更 This book is more instructive than that one.这本比那本书更有教育意义。 最高级 1.The most ….in/of This book is the most interesting of the three. 2.the +形容词+est…of/in/among This road is the busiest street in our city. 真题演练 1.Peter likes reading a newspaper ___________ he is having breakfast. A.until      B.while        C.because      D.though 2.Scientists say it may be a few years __________ it is possible to test the new medicine on patients. A.because    B.after          C.before        D.though 3.We will have no water to drink __________ we don’t protect the earth. A.until      B.before        C.though          D.if 4.I won’t be able to understand what you say, ____________ you speak too quickly. A.if      B.though        C.because          5.In summer, food goes bad easily ____________ it is put in the refrigrator. A.until      B.if      C.unless 6.________ it’s difficult to make her dream come true, she never gives up. A.Though      B.Unless        C.Because        D.If 7.Mary spends a lot of money on clothes______________ her family is not rich. A.because        B.though      C.if              D.so 8.We won’t start the meeting ____________ our teacher arrives. A.though      B.until      C.while        D.or 9.-Did you catch what the teacher said ?   -No, She spoke so fast ___________ I couldn’t hear her very clearly. 10.The teacher speaks very loudly __________ all the students can hear her. A.so that        B.because    C.since      D.when 11.If I find his phone number, I ________ you. A.tell      B.told        C.will tell        D.have told 12.It’s quite common in Britain to say “Thank you ” to the drivers________ people get off the bus. A.after      B.since        C.until      D.when 13.-What should I do here ?-Just put all the things __________ they were. A.where      B.when      C.whose            D.which 练习一 1.Your sister ___________ the train unless she hurries up. A.miss      B.missed        C.have missed      D.will miss 2.Read it loudly so that the audience ___________ you. A.hear        B.heard        C.can hear        D.could hear 3.When we got to the railway station, the train _____________ already. 4.I’ll let you go out after the headmaster __________ here. A.comes      B.came          C.will come        D.would come 5.Although it’s raining, they ___________ in the field. A.comes        B.came        C.will come          D.would come 6.Although it’s raining, they ___________ in the field. A.have player        B.were playing      C.are playing        D.play 7.It is about ten years since we ____________ in the factory. A.work      B.worked      C.had worked        D.have worked 8.Although she _________ very tired, she went on working. A.is      B.was        C.has been          D.will be 9.The little girl will dance and sing if she _______________ . A.askes        B.will ask          C.is asked        D.will be asked 10.We could not pass the exams unless he ____________ us. A.help        B.has helped      C.helped        D.had helped 11.Unless the team leader ___________, all the players won’t be able to leave. A.came        B.comes      C.will come      D.would come 12.The women workers didn’t go home until they ___________ their work. A.finish      B.finished        C.have finished        D.will finish 13.You must stay here until everyone else __________ you. A.telephones        B.telephoned        C.will telephone          D.is telephoning 14.The children __________ to bed until their mother came in. A.went          B.didn’t go      C.had gone          D.has gone 15.Although he is considered a great writer, his works ___________ not widely ________. A.are , read        B.will , read          C.would, read        D.have , read 练习二 1.We hurried so that I __________ late for the important meeting. A.was not        B.won’t be        C.wouldn’t be        D.are not 2.He can arrive in Chengdu early unless he ____________ taking the night flight. A.don’t mind      B.won’t mind        C.mind        D.will mind 3.I’m sure he’ll come to see me before he ____________ Shenzhen. A.will leave      B.is leaving        C.leave      D.leaves 4.Tom ___________ me as soon as he arrives in Tianjin. A.call        B.will call        C.called          D.has called 5.We ___________ like to go swimming if the wateris not too cold. A.will          B.would            C.had            D.have 6.The Greens _______________ TV when the telephone rang. A.watched        B.were watching          C.watch        D.are watching 7.You are sure to pass the final examinations if you __________ hard. 8.I’ll go to see the movie with you if I ______________ time this evening. A.whethrer        B.had            C.have              D.will have 9.I _____________ him since I moved to this city. A.know      B.have known    C.knew          D.will know 10.If you work hard, you ___________ certainly succeed. A./        B.will          C.would            D.have 11.I got to the airport so late that I _____________ him. A.doesn’t    B.hadn’t          C.has made                      D.had made 12.Since he came to study in the university, he ____________ much progress in English. A.made        B.will make        C.has made      D.had made 13.It _____________ eight years since they moved to Paris. A.was        B.has been        C.will be        D.is going to be 14.-Why did you use a pencil to write the composition ? –Because my pen _____________ . A.breaks      B.broke          C.is broken      D.was broken 15.I gave the child some food and water so that he ___________-- hungry or thirsty. A.was not      B.is not          C.won’t be        D.wouldn’t be 练习三 1.选择适当的连词 1.Take the medicine ____________ you go to bed. 2.____________ I got to the cinema, the film had already begun. 3.____________ they were singing, we were dancing. 4.What shall we do ____________ it rains tomorrow ? 5.He didn’t go with us ___________ he was very busy. 6.He has worked in that factory __________ he left school. 7.The weather was ___________ hot _____________ we couldn’t work in the fields. 8.You can’t learn English well ____________ you work hard. 9.I will tell you ____________ I know. 10.Do you know _____________ they are talking about ? 2.根据要求把下列各句改为状语从句。 1.Great changes have taken place . You left. (用since 改写) 2.I’ll write to you . I get to Beijing .(用as soon as 改写) 3.We waited at the bus stop ,No 1 bus came.(用till改写) 4.There are flowers everywhere .Spring comes.(用when改写) 5.The boys are playing basketball. The girls are singing. (用while 改写) 6.We should think over. We have classes. (用before改写) 7.Think hard, and you will have a good idea.(用if 改写) 8.Mary wore a raincoat, it was raining hard.(用because 改写) 9.I turned off the light, I went to bed.(用 after 改写) 10.I didn’t go to bed. The TV play was over. (用till 改写) 3.完成下列句子 1.I have lived here ________________________. (自从我出生后) 2.(当我长大后) _________________________________ will be a scientist. 3.They went home ______________________________ (在会议结束后) 4.You can’t study English well _________________________ ( 如果你不努力学习) 5.I won’t go to see the film _________________________ (因为我已经看过了。) 6.He knew nothing about it ___________________________ (直到我告诉他) 7.The teacher spoke aloud ________________________ (为的是让学生听见他) 8.He was a student _____________________________ (在参加之前) 9.Mr Black put on his glasses ___________________________ (他可以看得更清楚一些。) 10.（除非你走得快一点）_____________________ you can’t keep up with us. 4.选择题 1.Please give the book to John as soon as he _________________ back. A.is coming      B.came        C.will come        D.comes 2.One day ______________ Jack was walking along the street, a small boy suddenly stopped. him. A.after            B. before      C.then        D.while 3.I’ll    go to see your uncle as soon as I _____________ . A.will get to there    B.will get there  C.get to there      D.get there 4.The Wild Animals Park is _______________ for _____________ it wil take us two hours to get there by bus. A.such …that      B.as…as          C.so…that      D.so…as 5.Preter was running to the bus-stop ____________ he might not miss the early bus. A.after            B.because      C.so that            D.as soon as 6.Answer the question in a loud voice ____________ all the calss may hear. A.in order        B.in order to let    C.to make      D.so that 7.She wants to be a nurse _____________ she grows up. A.before        B.if          C.because          D.after 8.What were you doing ____________ your teacher was speaking in class ? A.after          B.while        C.before          D.as soon as 9.We’ll go to Yu Garden if it _______________ snow tomorrow. A.don’t        B.won’t        C.doesn’t      D.isn’t 10.We were walking along the river __________________ it suddenly begin to rain/ A.as        B.while          C.when          D.then 11.I’m going to get up early ______________ I won’t miss the first train. A.though      B.so that        C.if            D.because 12.___________ he is tired ____________- he still helps me with the work. A.Though…but      B./…though        C.Though…and      D.Though…/ 13.She’ll join us this evening ___________ she hasn’t got important work to do. A.until      B.if          C.because      D.for 14.My mother _____________ not go out if it _____________ tomorrow. A.will…will rain    B.does…rains        C.do…rains        D.will …rains 15.He studied very hard _______________ he could get a good job. A.so…that        B.too…to        C.so that        D.in order to 16.Have you ever read ______________ ? A.such a interesting book                      B.such an interesting book C.so an interesting book                      D.so a interesting book   17.I won’t believe it _____________ I see it with my own eyes. A.until          B.after        C.when        D.while   18.The teacher was still going over the students’ exercises ____________ it was very late. A.though          B. because        C.after        D.if   19.Mike handed in his exercises ___________  he went over them again and again. A. after        B.before        C.where          D.because. 20.It is _____________ that I’d like to go fishing. A.a fine such day      B.too fine a day    C.so fine day      D.such a fine day 21._____________ you are busy these days, you’d better have someone else do it. A.When      B.Now that        C.Since          D.As soon as. 22.My sister has worked in the post office ____________ she left school two years ago. A.since      B.after            C.when        D.before 23.The man has _____________ little education that he can’t find a job here. A.such a      B.so      C.such        D.so a 24.I’ll leave the note here ___________ he’ll know where we are. A.so that        B.in order          C.that      D.for 25.There are _____________ people in front of me _____________ I can’t see what is happening. A.such many…that      B.so many …that    C.so many…when    D.such…that 26.The boys are happy ____________ they have a new school library. A.when        B.if        C.because        D.so 27.I don’t know when he will come, but when he ___________. I’ll let you know. A.will come      B.comes      C.has come      D.is coming 28.I _____________ until your father ______________ back. A.will not leave …will come              B.will leave …will come 29.It is five days ____________ we came here. A.when      B.before      C.as          D.since 30.I don’t know if he _____________ . If he ____________ , please let me know. A.comes…will come    B.will come….comes  C.comes…comes  D.will come…will come 练习四 1.I met Mr Green ___________ I was walking across the bridge, but I didn’t say hello to him. A.before      B.after        C.until        D.while 2.You should return the digital camera to Sally ___________ she will not be angry. A.so that      B.because      C.before    D.or 3.-Judy, you look so tired .-Yes, I didn’t go to bed __________ it was 12 o’clock last night. A.when      B.unless      C.util      D.after 4._____________ She went out of the room, she turned back and knocked at the teacher’s door again. A.Until      B.As soon as      C.Since        D.Before 5.-Lucy, I’m leaving for Shanghai tomorrow morning. -Oh, good, But be sure to phone me _____________ you get there ,please. A.when  B.while      C.because      D.if 6.She was so angry at ____________ he was doing ______________ she walked out, said closed the foor heavily behind her. A.what , that        B.that , what      C.that ,that      D.what , what 7.Mr. Smith lent much money as possible to his friends ___________ he wasn’t very rich. A.as      B.though        C.since        D.because 8.You can’t catch up with orhers ___________ you work hard. A.until    B .after          C.unless            D.when 9.______________ he was not well, I decided to go without him. A.Though        B.AS        C.When        D.Because of 10.The party didn’t start _____________ all the guests arrived. A.when      B.while        C.until        D.whether 11.It was already eight o’clock _____________ we get there. A.when    B.while        C.if            D.because 12.You will be late ____________ you leave immediately. A.unless        B.until    C.if      D.or 13.It takes _____________ time to go there by plane ____________ by ship. A.more fewer, than    B.much less, than      C.much fewer, than        D.more less, than 14.______________ everybody is here, let’s set off. A.Since      B.Because        C.For        D.After 15.He speaks English _____________ he speaks French. A.as well as    B.so well as      C.much more better than  D.as good as 16.The foreigher spoke ___________ his interpreter could hardly catch his words. A.such fast that    B.so fast    C.so fast that  D.so faster that 17.The book was so interesting that he had read it for three hours ____________ he realised it. A.when      B.until        C.after          D.before. 18.You will be able to get good marks ______________. A.while you are doing your homework by yourself      B.if you do some revision every day C.before you begin to study hard                    D.until you follow your teacher’s advice 19.This book is written in _____________ easy English ___________ beginners can understand. A.such, that      B.so , that          C.such, as        D.too, that 20.We must do the experiment carefully ________________ Miss Liu told us. A.what            B.since            C.as                D.while 21.You should put the book _____________ you can find it easily. A.where        B.the place    C.the place on which        D.what 22.______________ you go, you should have your motherland in mind. A.Where        B.Whenever          C..However          D.Wherever 23.______________ the pain was bad , _____________ he did not complain. A.Although, but        B.Though, but      C.Though, yet      D.Even, still 24.________________ the day went on, the weather got worse. A.With        B.Since          C.While        D.As 25._____________, so he didn’t come to school last week. A.Though he was ill          B.Being ill      C.Having been ill          D.He was ill 26.There are not ____________ many League members in Class One _______________ in Class Two. A.the same, as      B.so, that          C.such, that            D.so, as 实战演习 1._______________ the story is short and there are no new words in it, it is difficult to understand. A.But        B.Though        C.And      D.For 2.This maths problem is _____________ that one. A.so easy as        B.as difficult as      C.much difficult than    D.less easier than 3.This exercise is ____________ difficult ____________-. A.so,that few of us can do  B.so, that few of us can do it    C.too, for anyone of us to do  D.too, for anyone of us to do it. 4.If you ____________ carefully, you ___________ the report well. A.will listen, will be understod  B.will listen, understand  C.listen, will understand  D.listen, ungerstand 5.____________ we deal with our problems, we can easilly become unhappy. A.Unless  B.Until    C.Though    D.Whether 6.-How long have you been collecting shells?- __________. A.After I left school    B.Before I moved here  C.When I went to the beach  D.Since I was ten years old. 7.Several days has passed ___________ the air crash happened. A.since      B.after        C.as 8.I don’t have to introduce him to you ____________ you know the boy. A.until    B.unless        C.since          D.but 9.________________ the car’s old, it still runs well. A.Because    B.So        C.Although        D.But 10.You’ll do much better __________  you’re more careful with your spelling. A.if      B.before        C.although            D.unless 11.No matter ______________, he is always with his familly at weekends. A.how busy he is  B.how busy is he    C.how is he busy      D.Though 13.-Why do you hope to visit Hawaii some day ? -_____________ it has beautiful beaches. A.Though    B.Or        C.Because        D.So 14.Betty didn’t come to school yesterday ____________ she was ill. A.but        B.than          C.if          D.because 15.We are not sure if it ________________ tomorrow. If it __________, our sports meeting will be put off. A.will rain, rains  B.rains, will rain      C.will rain, will rain. 16.-The TV show Home with Kids is so wonderful.You shouldn’t miss it.   -If I have time, I ___________ it. A.see    B.saw      C.will see      D.have seen 17.-What a hard life my parents live !   -So do my parents. When I grow up, I ____________ to make them live more happily. A.try  B.tried        C.will try          D.have tried 18.We will go and fly kites as soon as the rain _____________ . A.stops    B.stopping      C.stopped        D.will stop 19.-Shall we go on working ?- Yes, __________ I prefer to have a rest. A.when    B.if        C.because          D.though 20.Betty didn’t come to school yesterday,____________ she was ill. A.but      B.that      C.if      D.because 21.Can you guess who will be the first to cross the finish line ? –Sandy, Jane didn'’t run so fast ___________ she did last time. A.than      B.so      C.that        D.as 22.My brother got up eafrly ____________ he could catch the 6:50 train. A.so that      B.after that      C.very much    D.besides that 23.Nothing can stop the sandstorm _____________ more and more trees are planted. A.unless    B.if      C.when        D.while 14.I was drawing a horse _________________ the teacher came in. A.while      B.as      C.when            D.the moment 25.All of us will be happy _________ you can came with us. A.while      B.if        C.but          D.or 26.It is difficult for us to learn a lesson in life ___________ we’ve actually had that lesson. A.when      B.after        C.since          D.until 27.-___________ the soldiers are very tired.___________they keep on working. -They are great. We must learn from them. A.Because ,/        B.Though, /        C.Because,so          D.Though, but 28.It is a serious problem, we can’t decide ___________- Mr Harris comes back. A.while      B.since        C.until        D.so   28.It is a serious problem, we can’t decide ___________ Mr, Harris comes back. A.while    B.since          C.until      D.so   29.___________ Switzerland is very small, __________ it is the land of watch and it is very rich. A.Though, but        B.Because, so      C.Because /        D.Though,/   30.The little boy ate a big meal __________ he said he wasn’t hungry. A.if    B.though    C.because        D.as   31.We don’t have much homework now and our school bags are __________ they used to be. A.as heavy as  B.not as heavy as    C.not as heavily as      D.as heavily as   32.The question is ____________ that nobody can answer it . A.very hard    B.too difficult        C.strange enough      D.so strange   33. Ten months has passed, but Chinese people still  remember those exciting days _________they spent during the Beijing 2008 Olympic Games.       A.that      B.who    C.when   34.Alice is ____________ young that she can’t  dress herself. A.such    B.very      C.so      D.quite   35.___________ many children like KFC, I think they’d better try not to eat it too often. A.Because      B.When        C.Although      D.If