不同接地系统的特性

1SLIC- LVDI training –Chen Xiliang –2009 June ??? ????????? ?TT????????? ?TN????????? ?IT????????? ???????? 2SLIC- LVDI training –Chen Xiliang –2009 June ??????????? ??????? ??????????? ?????????? ??????? L1L1 L2L2 L3L3 NN RRnn RRuu PEPE TT?? 3SLIC- LVDI training –Chen Xiliang –2009 June ?????? If = Uo / (Rn + Ru) = 220 / (10 + 10) = 11A ?????? Uf = Ru×If = 10×11 = 110 V > UL( 50 V) ????????????? ??????????????? Uo??????????220V UL????????50V 380V / 220V380V / 220V L1L1 L2L2 L3L3 NN If = 11AIf = 11A RuRu 1010 WW RnRn 1010 WW UoUo = 220 V= 220 V UfUf = 110 V= 110 V ?????????????????? ???? TT????????? 4SLIC- LVDI training –Chen Xiliang –2009 June ??????????(RCD)??? ????? ????? ?????????? ?Ru×I?n? UL ??? I?n? UL/ Ru ??????? ? I?n? UL / Ru = 50 /10 = 5 A ? I?n??1A (?3A) Ru????????????? I?n?RCD???????? 380V / 220V380V / 220V L1L1 L2L2 L3L3 NN IIDD nn = 3A= 3A RuRu 1010 WW RnRn 1010 WW UoUo = 220 V= 220 V SCPDSCPD 25 A25 A ?????????????????? ???? TT????????? 5SLIC- LVDI training –Chen Xiliang –2009 June ?TT???????? ???? UL=50V ? ?????If??? ? ?????Uf??? ? RCD?????????? ???? 380V / 220V380V / 220V L1L1 L2L2 L3L3 NN RuRu 66 WW RnRn 44 WW UoUo = 220 V= 220 V ?????????????????? ???? TT?????? 6SLIC- LVDI training –Chen Xiliang –2009 June ?RCD?Residual Current Device??????????? ??????? ?RCD????? ??? RCD 7SLIC- LVDI training –Chen Xiliang –2009 June ??????????????????????????? ??? ??? i1i1 i2i2 i3i3 iNiN i1i1 i2i2i3i3 iNiN i1 + i2 + i3 + iN = 0 i1i1 i2i2 i3i3 iNiN i1 + i2 + i3 + iN = id i1i1 i2i2i3i3 iNiN 00 idid idid RCD????? 8SLIC- LVDI training –Chen Xiliang –2009 June ??????????????????????????? ??????????????? ????????????????????????? RCD???????? lph M ?? Ir ?? S N ?? magnetlN M ?? ????? ?? ??? ??? ?? 9SLIC- LVDI training –Chen Xiliang –2009 June ?????????????????? AC?? ?????AC ???? t Id t Id t Id Multi 9?? Multi 9?? Vigirex?? Vigi Compact NS ?? A?? ????AC???? ??????? B?? ????AC?A ??????? ???? RCD????? 10SLIC- LVDI training –Chen Xiliang –2009 June RCD?????? ??? IEC 61008, 61009, 755, 60947-2?????? ???? 6 mA 10 mA 30 mA ???? 100 mA 300 mA 500 mA 1A ???? 3 A 10 A 20 A 30A 11SLIC- LVDI training –Chen Xiliang –2009 June RCD??????? ???????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? ??????30%????????? ????????? 300 mA??????RCD????? ????????????????? ??? 12SLIC- LVDI training –Chen Xiliang –2009 June ?????? ??????????? I?n1?2×I?n2 ????????? T1?T2 (total) ?????? RCD1 RCD2 E 95 45 4 E 95 45 5 RCD???????? 13SLIC- LVDI training –Chen Xiliang –2009 June ????? ???????? ???????????????? ????????? ????????? RCD???? ?????? ??????? ???????? RCD???????? ?????? ???RCD??????? TT??????? 14SLIC- LVDI training –Chen Xiliang –2009 June ????????????? ????? ??????PE????N ?????PEN? ??????????? L1L1 L2L2 L3L3 PENPEN RRnn TN-C?? 15SLIC- LVDI training –Chen Xiliang –2009 June ?????????????? ??? ?????????????PE ???????????? ?PE?????? L1L1 L2L2 L3L3 NN PEPE RRnn TN-S?? 16SLIC- LVDI training –Chen Xiliang –2009 June ?? TN-C-S??? ??????TN-C ??????TN-S ???????TN-C???? ???TN-S?? ???????????? 10mm2?????(????) ??????16mm2?,?? ?TN-S?? ???????? L1L1 L2L2 L3L3 NN PEPE RRnn PEN TN-C-S?? 17SLIC- LVDI training –Chen Xiliang –2009 June ??????????PE????? ?????????????? ??PE???????????? Uf = Uo / 2 = 110V > UL (50V) ?????? 380V / 220V380V / 220V L1L1 L2L2 L3L3 NN PEPE IfIf RnRn UoUo=220 V=220 V UfUf ???????? ???????? ?? ???? TN????????? 18SLIC- LVDI training –Chen Xiliang –2009 June TN????????? ????????????? ? If = 0.8Uo/(RPE+Rph) ?? RPE =?L / SPE Rph =?L / Sph ? ? m = Sph / SPE ? ????????? ? ????????? ? Lm SU I phf )1( 8.0 0 + = r380V / 220V380V / 220V L1L1 L2L2 L3L3 NN PEPE IfIf RnRn UoUo=220 V=220 V UfUf ???????? ???????? ?? ???? mt ph Im SU L )1( 8.0 0 + £ r mtf II ³ Lm SU I phf )1( 8.0 0 + = r 19SLIC- LVDI training –Chen Xiliang –2009 June TN???????????? ?????????? U0?????220V ????????????? Imt???????????? m = Sph / SPE ?????????? ????????? ????? ??? RCD mt ph Im SU L )1( 8.0 0 max + = r 20SLIC- LVDI training –Chen Xiliang –2009 June ????? TN????????? ??????????? 21SLIC- LVDI training –Chen Xiliang –2009 June Multi 9??? C??? Multi 9??? D??? TN???????????? 22SLIC- LVDI training –Chen Xiliang –2009 June ???1????????? ???2??? 380V / 220V L1 L2 L3 N PE Rn Sph = 95 mm SPE = 50 mm L = 50 m ??????? ?? NSX 250N MIC2.2 250 Cu r = 22.5 mW mm2/ m TN???????? 23SLIC- LVDI training –Chen Xiliang –2009 June ?PEN????????? ?PEN??????????? ???PEN???????? ??????“??”???? ?????????? ?PEN?????????? PEN????? Rn Uo = 220 V L1 L2 L3 PEN 380V / 220V ????? ???? ?? ?????? TN-C?????????PEN 24SLIC- LVDI training –Chen Xiliang –2009 June ??? IEC??????? TN-S ????????????? 300 mA???????? ?? RCD???? ?? If??? ?? TT???? ??? RCD ? RCD???????? ??TT???? ???????I?n??? ?????? L1L1 L2L2 L3L3 L4L4 IIDDnn22 ££ IIDDnn11 22 L1L1 L2L2 L3L3 L4L4 IIDDnn 300mA300mA TN-S??????? 25SLIC- LVDI training –Chen Xiliang –2009 June ????? ????????? ???????????????????? ????????? ????????????????????? RCD???? ??? ?????? ??????? RCD??? ?????? ?????????????????? TN-S????? 26SLIC- LVDI training –Chen Xiliang –2009 June ????? ????????? ???????????????????? ????????? ,?TN-S ????RCD???? ????? ????? ?????? ????????????????,?TN-S TN-C????? 27SLIC- LVDI training –Chen Xiliang –2009 June ???????????? ????? ???????????? ?PE????????? ??????????? ??? L1L1 L2L2 L3L3 NN PEPE IT?? 28SLIC- LVDI training –Chen Xiliang –2009 June ???????????? ????? ???????????? ?PE????????? ???? IT????? L1 L2 L3 N PE PEPE 29SLIC- LVDI training –Chen Xiliang –2009 June ???1km????? R1 = R2 = R3 = 10 MW C1 = C2 = C3 = 0.3 µF ?50 Hz?1km????? Zeq = = 3540 W 1+R2C2w2 R 1 2 3 Zeq 1 2 3 C3 C2 C1 R3 R2 R1 equivalent to1 Req = 1 R1 + 1 R2 1 R3 + Req = 3.33 MW Xeq = 3.54 kW Xeq = 1 3Cw IT?????? 30SLIC- LVDI training –Chen Xiliang –2009 June IT??????????? ????? Ru = 10 W Rf = 0 W Zeq = 3540 W (?1 Km?????) If = U0 /(RN + Ru + Rf + Zeq) ? 220/3540 = 62 mA Uf = Ru x If = 0.062 x 10 = 0.62 V RN RU PE Zeq Rf Uf 1 2 3 If ????????????? 31SLIC- LVDI training –Chen Xiliang –2009 June ??????? ???????? ?????? ????????????? L1L1 L2L2 L3L3 PEPE IT?????????????? 32SLIC- LVDI training –Chen Xiliang –2009 June ??????????? (PIM) ?????? ????????????? ????????????? (I inj) ?????????????? ??????? IR ????????? ???????? IR ????? (2.5 Hz)??? IR ????? L1 L2 L3 N PE RI e I injI inj I inj I inj I inj PIM 33SLIC- LVDI training –Chen Xiliang –2009 June ????????? ??????? (FTD)????? ? ?????? ? ???????????? ?????? ? FTD???? ? ??????? ? ???????????? FTD L1 L2 L3 PE 34SLIC- LVDI training –Chen Xiliang –2009 June IT??????????? ?????????? ???? TN-S???????? ???? ????????? ???????????(4P,4D) ????IT????????? ????????? (IEC60947-2) ??????????? IT ?? L1 L2 L3 PE 35SLIC- LVDI training –Chen Xiliang –2009 June IT?????????????? ?????????TN????? ?? ??????????????? ???? ??????????????? ??? 1.732 0.8.Uo.Sph = 2 r. (1 + m). I mt Lmax Sph SpEm = SN SpEm = 1 0.8.Uo.(Sph or SN) = 2 r. (1 + m) . I mt Lmax ?? Rsnu 1 2 3 PE N Rsnu 1 2 3 PE 36SLIC- LVDI training –Chen Xiliang –2009 June ????????? ???? TT?? ??RCD???? L1L1 L2L2 L3L3 NN CPICPI IT?????????????? 37SLIC- LVDI training –Chen Xiliang –2009 June ?????: ???????? ??PIM???????? ??FTD??????? ???: ?????? =??? ??PIM?? ??????: ??? IT????? 38SLIC- LVDI training –Chen Xiliang –2009 June ??????????? ???????????? ??????????????? ???????? ????????????? ????????????????? ??? PIM????? ??????? ???????? IT???????? 39SLIC- LVDI training –Chen Xiliang –2009 June ???? ? ? ? ? ??? ???????????? ?????????? ??????????????? ???RCDs??????? ??? ??????? 4???5? 3???4? ????????????? ??????? ????????? ????????????? ??????? ????? ????????5??4??? ???? RCDs ?????????RCDs??????? ??????? ??????????????? ??????????????????? ?????????? ???????????????? ???? ????????????????? ??????????? ???????????? ??????????????????? ????????? TT TN IT ?????????? 40SLIC- LVDI training –Chen Xiliang –2009 June ??????? ??????????????????????? ??? IEC 60364???????? ??? IEC 60364???????? ????????? ????????? ??????? ???????? 41SLIC- LVDI training –Chen Xiliang –2009 June L1 L2 L3 N PE LV/LVMV/LV Rn Ru Ru TNC TNS TT IT C P I L1 L2 L3 PEN N PE ????? ????????? 42SLIC- LVDI training –Chen Xiliang –2009 June TT (????) IT (????) L1 L2 L3 N PE L1 N PE L2 N PE TNS (????) Rn HV/LV L1 L2 L3 N PE L1 L2 L3 N PE????? ????????????