引导时间状语从句

引导时间状语从句的“一……就” 引导时间状语从句的“一……就”英语中有许多词和短语可用以引导时间状语从句，示“一……就……”，它们虽不是连词，但具有连词的功能。这些词归纳起来，主要有以下几类： 一、名词类这类词主要有the moment, the minute, the second, the instant, the day 等。如： The moment I saw him I knew there was no hope. 我一看到他就知道没希望了。 The instant he opened the door he saw the thief. 他一开门就看见了这个贼。 He is going to visit his aunt the day he arrives in Beijing. 他一到北京，就去看他姨妈。 二、副词类这类词主要有immediately, directly, instantly, once 等。如： Once he arrives, we can start. 他一来我们就可以开始。 Immediately he came I told him the news. 他一来我就把消息告诉了他。 三、句型类这类词主要有no sooner…than, hardly…when等。如： We had no sooner set out than it began to rain. 我们刚出发就下雨了。 She had hardly arrived when it began to snow. 她刚到就下起雪来了。 注：若将 no sooner, hardly 置于句首，则其后要用倒装语序。如： We had no sooner reached the airport than the plane took off. =No sooner had we reached the airport than the plane took off. 我们刚到机场，飞机就起飞了。 No sooner had the boy spoken these words than the warden hit him on the head with the soupspoon. 男孩刚一说出这些话，管理员就拿起勺子，照准他的头打了一下。 no sooner ... than ... 意为“一……就……，刚……就……”，当no sooner 位于句中时，主句一般用过去完成时，than 引导的状语从句用一般过去时；当no sooner 位于句首时，主句应用部分倒装结构, 即had放在主语前面。如： He had no sooner sat down than he heard someone knocking at the door. 他刚坐下来，就听见有人敲门。 No sooner had they got to the theatre than the concert began. 他们刚跨进剧院，音乐会就开始了。 在英语中，“一……就……”有很多种表达方法，比较常见的有： 1. hardly ... when ... hardly ... when ... 的用法与no sooner ... than ... 相同。如： He had hardly gone to bed when the door bell rang. 他刚上床睡觉，门铃就响了。 Hardly had we arrived when she started crying to go home. 我们一到，她就开始哭着要回家。 2. as soon as as soon as引导的从句可以放在句首，也可以放在句末。主句和从句多数情况下都是用一般过去时，有时主句用一般将来时，从句用现在时表示将来时。如： As soon as the teacher entered the classroom, the students stopped talking. 老师一进教室，学生们就停止讲话了。 He got married as soon as he left university. 他大学一毕业就结婚了。 I’ll speak to him as soon as he comes back. 他一回来我就会跟他说。 3. the moment (that) the moment起连词作用，引导时间状语从句。如： The enemy plane was shot down the moment (that) it intruded into our air space. 这架敌机一侵入我国领空就被击落了。 4. once once作连词，引起条件状语从句，常译为“一（旦）……就……”。如： Once you began you couldn’t stop. 一旦开始，你就不能停止。 5. on “on doing / one’s doing”多用来表示时间的短促和动作的紧凑， 一般放在句首。句中的谓语动词常用一般过去时； on后一般跟表示去向性动作的动词的-ing形式， 如arrive, reach, return, leave等。如： On arriving at the station, he found that the train had left. 一到车站，他就发现火车已经开走了。 On his stepping out of the taxi he was seized by two men. 他一下出租车就被两个人抓了起来。 在以后的学习中，我们还会遇见新的“一……就……”的表达法，希望同学们能及时归纳总结。