英语科普小知识 年轻女性对竞选不感兴趣的原因

海量资料下载 免费学习英语 www.englishvip.com/xinlw.htm （申请网址） Despite some very high-profile female candidates and elected officials, and what looks like a changing landscape of U.S. politics, a new study conducted by American University professor and director of its Women and Politics Institute Jennifer L. Lawless and Richard L. Fox (Loyola Marymount University) reveals that young women are less likely than young men ever to have considered running for office, to express interest in a candidacy at some point in the future, or to consider elective（选修的，选举的） office a desirable profession. In their new report, Girls Just Wanna Not Run: The Gender Gap in Young Americans' Political Ambition, Lawless and Fox detail the results of a survey of a national sample of more than 2,100 college students. The authors find a dramatic gap between women and men's interest in running for office; men were twice as likely as women to have thought about running for office "many times," whereas women were 20 percentage points more likely than men never to have considered it. Importantly, the 20 point gap is just as large as the one we previously uncovered among adult professionals (in their 40s and 50s) who were well-situated to pursue a candidacy.   The report identifies five factors that contribute to the gender gap in political ambition among college students:   1. Young men are more likely than young women to be socialized by their parents to think about politics as a career path.   2. From their school experiences to their peer associations to their media habits, young women tend to be exposed to less political information and discussion than do young men.   3. Young men are more likely than young women to have played organized sports and care about winning.   4. Young women are less likely than young men to receive encouragement to run for office -- from anyone.   5. Young women are less likely than young men to think they will be qualified to run for office, even in the not-so-near future.   Given this persistent gender gap in political ambition, we are a long way from a political reality in which young women and men are equally likely to aspire to seek and hold elective office in the future. Certainly, recruitment efforts by women's organizations -- nationally and on college campuses -- can chip away at the gender imbalance in interest in running for office. Encouraging parents, family members, teachers, and coaches to urge young women to think about a political career can mitigate（减轻，缓和） the gender gap in ambition, too. And spurring young women to immerse themselves in competitive environments, such as organized sports, can go a long way in reinforcing the competitive spirit associated with interest in a future candidacy. But women's under-representation in elective office is likely to extend well into the future. In the end, this report documents how far from gender parity we remain and the deeply embedded nature of the obstacles we must still overcome to achieve it. 尽管有一些非常高调的女候选人和当选官员，看起来像一个不断变化的美国政治景观，进行的一项新的研究由美国大学教授，主任，妇女与政治研究所珍妮弗L不法和理查德·L·福克斯（洛约拉Marymount大学）发现，年轻女性是不太可能比以往任何时候都考虑竞选公职的年轻男子，在候选人表示有兴趣在未来在某些时候，还是要考虑选修（选修的，选举的）办公室一个理想的专业。在新的中，女孩只是想不运行：年轻美国人的政治野心，不法和福克斯细节一个全国抽样调查的结果，2100多名大学生中的性别差距。笔者发现一个戏剧性的妇女和男人的竞选办公室之间的差距;男人是两次一样可能为女性，以有想运行办公室“多次，”而女性分别为20个百分点，比男人从来没有到已经认为它更可能。重要的是，20分的差距，是一个我们以前发现成年专业人员（在40岁和50岁），以及位于追求候选人一样大。   该报告确定了五个因素，有助于政治野心在大学生中的性别差距：   1。年轻男性比年轻女性更容易被社会由他们的父母，想想政治作为一种职业路径。   2。从他们学校的经验，他们的同行协会，他们的媒体习惯，年轻女性往往要接触到的政治信息和讨论比年轻男子。   3。年轻男性更容易发挥了有组织的体育活动和关心赢得比年轻女性。   4。年轻妇女不太可能比年轻男性运行办公室 - 任何人得到鼓励。   5。年轻妇女不太可能比年轻的男性认为他们将有资格竞选公职，即使在不那么不久的将来。   鉴于这种持续的政治野心的性别差距，我们是一个很长的路要走，从政治现实的青年男女向往也同样可能在未来寻求和担任公职。当然，招聘工作由妇女组织-全国和大学校园-可以蚕食的性别失衡，有兴趣竞选办公室。鼓励家长，家庭成员，教师和教练呼吁年轻女性想想政治生涯可以减轻（减轻，缓和）中的性别差距的雄心，也。和刺激的年轻女性，沉浸在自己的竞争环境，如有组织的体育活动，加强竞争力的精神，在未来的候选人有兴趣，可以去很长的路要走。但是，妇女的代表性不足，在选修的办公室很可能延续到未来。最终，这份报告记录了多远，从性别平等，我们仍然根深蒂固的性的障碍，我们仍必须克服，以实现它。 “成千上万人疯狂下载。。。。。。 更多价值连城的绝密英语学习资料， 洛基内部秘密英语，技巧，策略 请在 网上 申请报名” 洛基国际英语 竭诚为您服务