2012山东滨州中考数学

2012山东滨州中考数学 滨州市2012年初中学生学业考试 数学试题 (满分120分，考试时间120分钟) 一、选择题:本大题共12小题，在每小题的四个选项中只有一个是正确的，请把正确的选项选出来，并将其字母标号填写在答题栏内(每小题选对得3分，选错、不选或选出的答案超过一个均记0分，满分36分) 31((2012山东滨州，1，3分)等于 ,2 A(-6 B(6 C(-8 D(8 2((2012山东滨州，2，3分)以下问题，不适合用全面调查的是 A(了解全班同学每周体育锻炼的时间 B(鞋厂检查生产的鞋底能承受的弯折次数 C(学校招聘老师，对应聘人员面试 D(黄河三角洲中学调查全校753名学生的身高 3((2012山东滨州，3，3分)借助一副三角尺，你能画出下面哪个度数的角 A(65? B(75? C(85? D(95? 4((2012山东滨州，4，3分)一个三角形的三个内角的度数之比为2:3:7，则这个三角形一定是 A(等腰三角形 B(直角三角形 C(锐角三角形 D(钝角三角形 2x,1,x，1,5((2012山东滨州，5，3分)不等式的解集是 ,x，8,4x,1, x,3x,22,x,3A( B( C( D(空集 6((2012山东滨州，6，3分)某几何体的三视图如图所示，则这个几何体是 主视图左视图俯视图 第6题图 A(圆柱 B(正方体 C(球 D(圆锥 7((2012山东滨州，7，3分)李明同学早上骑自行车上学，中途因道路施工步行一段路，到学校共用时15分种钟(他骑自行车的平均速度是250米/分钟，步行的平均速度是80米/分钟(他家离学校的距离是2900米(如果他骑自行车和步行的时间分别为x,y分钟，列出的方程组是 1,x，y,15,,x，y,A( B( ,,480x，250y,2900,,250x，80y,2900, advantages, facing the Yangtze River Delta, Pearl River Delta, Shandong peninsula, Beijing-Tianjin-Tangshan area, targeted investment promotion several times. Industry-led unit and various town streets are developing detailed promotion plans, the basis of what is specific to each industry, has formed a kind of scale, need to bring in the kind of projects each town street has the kind of resources, what location, focus on the development of the kind of industries. Four stroke technology and science. Determinants of technology is the County's economic development through scientific and technological innovation, improve product value-added and improve economic competitiveness, is the inevitable way to achieve leapfrog development. Talent is the city center city's first resource, is the primary industry development, and revitalization of the social protection. So, in terms of skills: to catch ... Competitive. Encouraging enterprises to actively undertake science and technology projects, strengthening research cooperation, using advanced technology to increase the added value of their products to ensure that introduction of transforming scientific and technological achievements during the year ... ... New research enterprises ... ... Home, creating innovative platforms ... ... Generic classifier. In: first, we must strengthen the cultivation of talent, efforts to increase vocational education and training and meet the basic demand of enterprise development. Then introduced a number of the county needed scarce education, health professionals, meet social development needs to invest more in machinery, pharmaceutical manufacturing research and development in higher education, such as the introduction of talent to meet the need. Third, we must rely on ... ... Post-doctoral workstation, ... ... Food research station platform, to the XX University to find experts 1,x，y,15,,x，y,C( D( ,,4250x，80y,2900,,80x，250y,2900, 8((2012山东滨州，8，3分)直线y=x-1不经过 A(第一象限 B(第二象限 C(第三象限 D(第四象限 29((2012山东滨州，9，3分)抛物线与坐标轴的交点的个数是 y,,3x,x，4 A(3 B(2 C(1 D(0 10((2012山东滨州，10，3分)把?ABC三边的长度都扩大为原来的3倍，则锐角A的正弦函数值 1A(不变 B(缩小为原来的 C(扩大为原来的3倍 D(不能确定 3 11((2012山东滨州，11，3分)若菱形的周长为8cm，高为1cm，则菱形两邻角的度数比为 A(3:1 B(4:1 C(5:1 D(6:1 23201212((2012山东滨州，12，3分)求的值，可令 1，2，2，2，,,,，2 2013232012232013S=，则2S=，因此2S,S,2,1，1，2，2，2，,,,，22，2，2，,,,，2 232012仿照以上推理，计算出的值为 1，2，2，2，,,,，2 20132012,,5151201220135,15,1A( B( C( D( 44 二、填空题:本大题共6个小题，每小题填对最后结果得4分，满分24分( 13((2012山东滨州，13，4分)下表是晨光中学男子篮球队队员的年龄统计: 年龄 13 14 15 16 人数 1 5 5 1 他们的平均年龄是 ( 52y,,14((2012山东滨州，14，4分)下列函数:?;?;?;y,2x,1y,x，8x,2x 1a3y,y,y,?;?;?中，y是x的反比例函数的有 (填序号)( 32xxx 6a15((2012山东滨州，15，4分)根据你学习的数学知识，写出一个运算结果为的算式 ( . 16((2012山东滨州，16，4分)如图，在?ABC中，AB=AD=DC，?BAD=20?，则?C= ?( advantages, facing the Yangtze River Delta, Pearl River Delta, Shandong peninsula, Beijing-Tianjin-Tangshan area, targeted investment promotion several times. Industry-led unit and various town streets are developing detailed promotion plans, the basis of what is specific to each industry, has formed a kind of scale, need to bring in the kind of projects each town street has the kind of resources, what location, focus on the development of the kind of industries. Four stroke technology and science. Determinants of technology is the County's economic development through scientific and technological innovation, improve product value-added and improve economic competitiveness, is the inevitable way to achieve leapfrog development. Talent is the city center city's first resource, is the primary industry development, and revitalization of the social protection. So, in terms of skills: to catch ... Competitive. Encouraging enterprises to actively undertake science and technology projects, strengthening research cooperation, using advanced technology to increase the added value of their products to ensure that introduction of transforming scientific and technological achievements during the year ... ... New research enterprises ... ... Home, creating innovative platforms ... ... Generic classifier. In: first, we must strengthen the cultivation of talent, efforts to increase vocational education and training and meet the basic demand of enterprise development. Then introduced a number of the county needed scarce education, health professionals, meet social development needs to invest more in machinery, pharmaceutical manufacturing research and development in higher education, such as the introduction of talent to meet the need. Third, we must rely on ... ... Post-doctoral workstation, ... ... Food research station platform, to the XX University to find experts AA E DF BCBDC (第16题图) (第18题图) 17((2012山东滨州，17，4分)方程的根是 ( x(x,2),x 18((2012山东滨州，18，4分)如图，锐角三角形ABC的边AB，AC上的高线EC，BF相交于点D，请写出图中的两对相似三角形 ((用相似符号连接)( 三、解答题:本大题共7小题，满分60分(解答时请写出必要的演推过程( 19((2012山东滨州，19，6分) 20120,2计算: ,2，(,1)，(,3),8，(,2), 12，1，1,22，【答案】原式=„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„5分 4 13,22 =„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„6分 4 20((2012山东滨州，20，7分) 滨州市体育局要组织一次篮球赛，赛制为单循环形式(每两队之间都赛一场)，计划安排28场比赛，应邀请多少支球队参加比赛,学习以下解答过程，并完成填空( 解:设应邀请x支球队参赛，则每队共打 场比赛，比赛总场数用代数式表示为 (根据题意，可列出方程 ( 整理，得 ( 解这个方程，得 ( 合乎实际意义的解为 ( 答:应邀请 支球队参赛( 11x,8x(x,1)x(x,1),28【答案】;;;，;;8( x,8x,,7(x,1)1222 21((2012山东滨州，21，8分) 如图，PA，PB是?O的切线，A，B为切点，AC是?O的直径，?P=50?，求?BAC的度数( advantages, facing the Yangtze River Delta, Pearl River Delta, Shandong peninsula, Beijing-Tianjin-Tangshan area, targeted inve3 stment promotion several times. Industry-led unit and various town streets are developing detailed promotion plans, the basis of what is specific to each industry, has formed a kind of scale, need to bring in the kind of projects each town street has the kind of resources, what location, focus on the development of the kind of industries. Four stroke technology and science. Determinants of technology is the County's economic development through scientific and technological innovation, improve product value-added and improve economic competitiveness, is the inevitable way to achieve leapfrog development. Talent is the city center city's first resource, is the primary industry development, and revitalization of the social protection. So, in terms of skills: to catch ... Competitive. Encouraging enterprises to actively undertake science and technology projects, strengthening research cooperation, using advanced technology to increase the added value of their products to ensure that introduction of transforming scientific and technological achievements during the year ... ... New research enterprises ... ... Home, creating innovative platforms ... ... Generic classifier. In: first, we must strengthen the cultivation of talent, efforts to increase vocational education and training and meet the basic demand of enterprise development. Then introduced a number of the county needed scarce education, health professionals, meet social development needs to invest more in machinery, pharmaceutical manufacturing research and development in higher education, such as the introduction of talent to meet the need. Third, we must rely on ... ... Post-doctoral workstation, ... ... Food research station platform, to the XX University to find experts P BA O C 【答案】解:?PA，PB分别切?O于A，B点，AC是?O的直径 ?PA=PB，?PAC=90?„„„2分 ??PAB=?PBA„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„3分 00180,500又??P=50?，??PAB=?PBA=„„„„„„„„„„„6分 ,652 ??BAC=?PAC-?PAB=90?-65?=25?„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„8分 22((2012山东滨州，22，8分) 在一个口袋中有4个完全相同的小球，把它们分别标上数字-1，0，1，2，随机的摸出一个小球记录数字然后放回，再随机的摸出一个小球记录数字(求下列事件的概率: (1)两次都是正数的概率P(A); (2)两次的数字和等于0的概率P(B)( 【答案】 解:根据题意，可以用以下表格表示所有不同的结果( 第一次 -1 0 1 2 第二次 -1 (-1，-1) (0，-1) (1，-1) (2，-1) 0 (-1，0) (0，0) (1，0) (2，0) 1 (-1，1) (0，1) (1，1) (2，1) 2 (-1，2) (0，2) (1，2) (2，2) „„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„4分 (1)由上表可以看出，所有可能出现的结果共有16种，每种结果出现的可 41,能性都相同，两个数字都是正数的结果有4种，所以P(A)=„„„6分 164 3(2)由上表可知，两个数字和为0的结果有3种，所以P(B)„„8分 1623((2012山东滨州，23，9分) 我们知道“连接三角形两边中点的线段叫做三角形的中位线”，“三角形的中位线平行于三角形的第三边，且等于第三边的一半”(类似地，我们连接梯形两腰中点的线段叫做梯形的中位线(如图，在梯形ABCD中，AD?BC，点E，F分别是AB，CD的中点，那么EF就是梯形ABCD的中位线(通过观察、测量，猜想EF和AD，BC有怎样的位置和数量关系,并证明你的结论( advantages, facing the Yangtze River Delta, Pearl River Delta, Shandong peninsula, Beijing-Tianjin-Tangshan area, targeted investment promotion several times. Industry-led unit and various town streets are developing detailed promotion plans, the basis of what is specific to each industry, has formed a kind of scale, need to bring in the kind of projects each town street has the kind of resources, what location, focus on the development of the kind of industries. Four stroke technology and science. Determinants of technology is the County's economic development through scientific and technological innovation, improve product value-added and improve economic competitiveness, is the inevitable way to achieve leapfrog development. Talent is the city center city's first resource, is the primary industry development, and revitalization of the social protection. So, in terms of skills: to catch ... Competitive. Encouraging enterprises to actively undertake science and technology projects, strengthening research cooperation, using advanced technology to increase the added value of their products to ensure that introduction of transforming scientific and technological achievements during the year ... ... New research enterprises ... ... Home, creating innovative platforms ... ... Generic classifier. In: first, we must strengthen the cultivation of talent, efforts to increase vocational education and training and meet the basic demand of enterprise development. Then introduced a number of the county needed scarce education, health professionals, meet social development needs to invest more in machinery, pharmaceutical manufacturing research and development in higher education, such as the introduction of talent to meet the need. Third, we must rely on ... ... Post-doctoral workstation, ... ... Food research station platform, to the XX University to find experts AD EF CB 【答案】 1解:结论为:EF?AD?BC，EF=„„„„„„„„„„„4分 (AD，BC)2 证明:连接AF并延长交BC的延长线于点G(„„„„„„„„„„„„„„5分 ?AD?BG，??DAF=?G， AD FE GCB 在?ADF和?GCF中， ，DAF,，G, ,，DFA,，CFG , ,DF,FG, ??ADF??GCF(„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„6分 ?AF=FG，AD=CG( „„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„7分 1BG又?AE=EB，?EF?BG，EF=(„„„„„„„„„„„„8分 2 1(AD，BC)即EF?AD?BC，EF=„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„9分 2 24((2012山东滨州，24，10分) 2如图，在平面直角坐标系中，抛物线经过A(-2，-4)，O(0，0)，B(2,0)y,ax，bx，c 三点. 2(1)求抛物线的解析式; y,ax，bx，c (2)若点M是抛物线对称轴上一点，求AM+OM的最小值( advantages, facing the Yangtze River Delta, Pearl River Delta, Shandong peninsula, Beijing-Tianjin-Tangshan area, targeted inve5 stment promotion several times. Industry-led unit and various town streets are developing detailed promotion plans, the basis of what is specific to each industry, has formed a kind of scale, need to bring in the kind of projects each town street has the kind of resources, what location, focus on the development of the kind of industries. Four stroke technology and science. Determinants of technology is the County's economic development through scientific and technological innovation, improve product value-added and improve economic competitiveness, is the inevitable way to achieve leapfrog development. Talent is the city center city's first resource, is the primary industry development, and revitalization of the social protection. So, in terms of skills: to catch ... Competitive. Encouraging enterprises to actively undertake science and technology projects, strengthening research cooperation, using advanced technology to increase the added value of their products to ensure that introduction of transforming scientific and technological achievements during the year ... ... New research enterprises ... ... Home, creating innovative platforms ... ... Generic classifier. In: first, we must strengthen the cultivation of talent, efforts to increase vocational education and training and meet the basic demand of enterprise development. Then introduced a number of the county needed scarce education, health professionals, meet social development needs to invest more in machinery, pharmaceutical manufacturing research and development in higher education, such as the introduction of talent to meet the need. Third, we must rely on ... ... Post-doctoral workstation, ... ... Food research station platform, to the XX University to find experts 【答案】 2解:(1)把A(-2，-4)，O(0，0)，B(2，0)三点代入中，y,ax，bx，c得 4a,2b，c,,4, ,4a，2b，c,0„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„3分 , ,c,0, 1a,,解这个方程组，得，b=1，c=0. „„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„4分 2 12y,,x，x所以解析式为(„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„5分 2 11122(1)y,,x，x,x,，(2)由=，可得 222 抛物线的对称轴为x=1,并且对称垂直平分线段OB(„„„„„„„„„„„„6分 ?OM=BM， ?OM+AM=BM+AM„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„7分 连接AB交直线x=1于M，则此时OM+AM最小(„„„„„„„„„„„„8分 过A点作AN?x轴于点N，在Rt?ABN中， 2222AN，BN,4，4,42AB=„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„9分 42因此OM+AM最小值为„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„10分 25((2012山东滨州，25，12分) llll如图1，，，，是一组平行线，相邻2条平行线间的距离都是1个单位长度，正方3241 advantages, facing the Yangtze River Delta, Pearl River Delta, Shandong peninsula, Beijing-Tianjin-Tangshan area, targeted investment promotion several times. Industry-led unit and various town streets are developing detailed promotion plans, the basis of what is specific to each industry, has formed a kind of scale, need to bring in the kind of projects each town street has the kind of resources, what location, focus on the development of the kind of industries. Four stroke technology and science. Determinants of technology is the County's economic development through scientific and technological innovation, improve product value-added and improve economic competitiveness, is the inevitable way to achieve leapfrog development. Talent is the city center city's first resource, is the primary industry development, and revitalization of the social protection. So, in terms of skills: to catch ... Competitive. Encouraging enterprises to actively undertake science and technology projects, strengthening research cooperation, using advanced technology to increase the added value of their products to ensure that introduction of transforming scientific and technological achievements during the year ... ... New research enterprises ... ... Home, creating innovative platforms ... ... Generic classifier. In: first, we must strengthen the cultivation of talent, efforts to increase vocational education and training and meet the basic demand of enterprise development. Then introduced a number of the county needed scarce education, health professionals, meet social development needs to invest more in machinery, pharmaceutical manufacturing research and development in higher education, such as the introduction of talent to meet the need. Third, we must rely on ... ... Post-doctoral workstation, ... ... Food research station platform, to the XX University to find experts 形ABCD的4个顶点A，B，C，D都在这些平行线上，过点A作AF?于点F，交于点ll32H，过点C作CE?于点E，交于点G( ll32 (1)求证:?ADF??CBE; (2)求正方形ABCD的面积; (3)如图2，如果四条平行线不等距，相邻的两条平行线间的距离依次为，，，试hhh312用，，表示正方形ABCD的面积S( hhh312 AAll11 h1BEHBEHl2l2h2 Gl3GFDDFlh33 l4ClC4 图1 图2 【答案】 (1)证明:在Rt?AFD和Rt?CEB中，AD=BC，AF=CE， ?Rt?AFD? Rt?CEB„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„3分 (2)解:?ABH+?CBE=90?，?ABH+?BAH=90?， ??CBE=?BAH( 又?AB=BC，?AHB=?CEB=90?， ??ABH??BCE„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„6分 不难得出 ?ABH??BCE??CDG??DAF(„„„„„„„„„„„7分 ?S,4S，S ,ABH正方形ABCD正方形EGFH 14，，2，1，1，1= 2 =5(„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„8分 (3)解:由(1)知，Rt?AFD? Rt?CEB h,h?„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„9分 13 由(2)知，?ABH??BCE??CDG??DAF(„„„„„„„„„„„„10分 S,4S，S? ,ABH正方形ABCD正方形EGFH 124，(h，h),h，h = 12122 22 =„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„12分 2h，2hh，h1122 advantages, facing the Yangtze River Delta, Pearl River Delta, Shandong peninsula, Beijing-Tianjin-Tangshan area, targeted inve7 stment promotion several times. Industry-led unit and various town streets are developing detailed promotion plans, the basis of what is specific to each industry, has formed a kind of scale, need to bring in the kind of projects each town street has the kind of resources, what location, focus on the development of the kind of industries. Four stroke technology and science. Determinants of technology is the County's economic development through scientific and technological innovation, improve product value-added and improve economic competitiveness, is the inevitable way to achieve leapfrog development. Talent is the city center city's first resource, is the primary industry development, and revitalization of the social protection. So, in terms of skills: to catch ... Competitive. Encouraging enterprises to actively undertake science and technology projects, strengthening research cooperation, using advanced technology to increase the added value of their products to ensure that introduction of transforming scientific and technological achievements during the year ... ... New research enterprises ... ... Home, creating innovative platforms ... ... Generic classifier. In: first, we must strengthen the cultivation of talent, efforts to increase vocational education and training and meet the basic demand of enterprise development. Then introduced a number of the county needed scarce education, health professionals, meet social development needs to invest more in machinery, pharmaceutical manufacturing research and development in higher education, such as the introduction of talent to meet the need. Third, we must rely on ... ... Post-doctoral workstation, ... ... Food research station platform, to the XX University to find experts 选择答案:C B B D A D D B A A C C 填空答案:【答案】14.5( 【答案】??( 【答案】答案不唯一，只要合理就得满分 【答案】40( 【答案】0，3( 【答案】?BDE,?CDF，?ABF,?ACE. advantages, facing the Yangtze River Delta, Pearl River Delta, Shandong peninsula, Beijing-Tianjin-Tangshan area, targeted investment promotion several times. Industry-led unit and various town streets are developing detailed promotion plans, the basis of what is specific to each industry, has formed a kind of scale, need to bring in the kind of projects each town street has the kind of resources, what location, focus on the development of the kind of industries. Four stroke technology and science. Determinants of technology is the County's economic development through scientific and technological innovation, improve product value-added and improve economic competitiveness, is the inevitable way to achieve leapfrog development. Talent is the city center city's first resource, is the primary industry development, and revitalization of the social protection. So, in terms of skills: to catch ... Competitive. Encouraging enterprises to actively undertake science and technology projects, strengthening research cooperation, using advanced technology to increase the added value of their products to ensure that introduction of transforming scientific and technological achievements during the year ... ... New research enterprises ... ... Home, creating innovative platforms ... ... Generic classifier. In: first, we must strengthen the cultivation of talent, efforts to increase vocational education and training and meet the basic demand of enterprise development. Then introduced a number of the county needed scarce education, health professionals, meet social development needs to invest more in machinery, pharmaceutical manufacturing research and development in higher education, such as the introduction of talent to meet the need. Third, we must rely on ... ... Post-doctoral workstation, ... ... Food research station platform, to the XX University to find experts