如何识别翡翠好坏和钻石的知识

如何识别翡翠好坏和钻石的知识 如何识别翡翠好坏 2003年以来，翡翠消费不断掀起热潮，然而目前翡翠市场上存在不少以假乱真、以次充好的现象，部分对翡翠常识不了解的消费者常常受骗上当。除了请权威的检测机构鉴定外，普通消费者还有哪些办法 识别天然翡翠和人工处理过的翡翠呢, 华东理工大学教授、珠宝鉴定师郭守国介绍，行业内一般把真翡翠分为A货、B货和C货。所谓A货是指天然翡翠，B货和C货都是人工处理过的翡翠，B货是指经过漂白处理后再用环氧树脂填充或浸蜡的翡翠，C货是指人工着色过的翡翠。普通消费者大致可从以下4方面鉴别天然翡翠与人工处理过的翡翠。 首先，人工处理过的翡翠经过酸洗在透射光下观察，其晶体结构松散，矿物颗粒由柱状变成不形状或浑圆状，有的甚至变成粉末。其次，人工处理过的翡翠在反射光下能看到一条条网纹。第三，从光泽上看，天然翡翠有玻璃般光泽，而人工处理过的翡翠整体或局部呈蜡烛光泽。此外，用环氧树脂填充过的翡翠在紫外光下会发出荧光，而天然翡翠在紫外光下无荧 光。 钻石专业知识 钻石的专业知识，希望你自己阅读，获取对你很有帮助。 1、钻石成份:主要是碳c(含量占99.95%) 以及其它微量元素。 2、钻石物理性质: (1)钻石硬度:H=10， 自然界最坚硬的物质，是九级红蓝宝硬度的150倍。 (2)钻石颜色:以无色白色为主还有黄、棕、粉、蓝、such as wages, subsidies to give some support, the new finds at national, provincial and municipal engineering laboratories, research centers and otherSome research funding support from the platform. Second, business methods of science are diverse. Innovative investment methods, expanding investment channels, to investment to achieve tangible results. At present, in the County completed project is our invitation to work can make good use of resources, rich with enterprise information, contacts, and other resources for investment by business, not only low cost and high efficiency. Relatives and friends also can use outside resources, we must actively take the initiative to strengthen contacts with them, making full use of their resources, for the County investment broker. The town streets, industrial development focal points to pick a strong backbone of investment, aimed at more recent relocation of Beijing-Tianjin-Tangshan, Yangtze River Delta and other economically developed areas, the implementation of resident merchants. Internet merchants, so ... ... Investment, investment, investment policy on the Internet "play" and let customers know more about ... ... and the ... ... and yearn for. ... ... Make full use of the Internet for valuable business information, communicating and negotiating with that as a clue. Investment firm into line and encourage qualified enterprises to actively introduce strategic partners, through mergers, asset restructuring, equity investment, transfer, technological innovation and other forms of enterprise 绿、红、褐、黑等彩色钻石，非常珍贵罕见。 (3)钻石色散:色散高(0.044)，加工打磨后出火反射出五颜六色光芒。 (4)钻石光泽透明度:金刚光泽、透明到不透明。 (5)钻石热导性:自然界中高热导率，热导仪可鉴定。 3、钻石鉴定: (1)钻石光泽:特有的金刚光泽。 (2)钻石密度:5.95g/cm3 主要是裸钻鉴定，用手掂重，比同等大小其他宝石重。 (3)钻石火彩:切工完美的钻石火彩有跳动感五光十色，亮但比较柔和，仿钻如合成立方氧化锆等也有火彩但是比较呆板单调。 (4)钻石亲油疏水性:用油笔可在钻石面画出一条线而用水笔画出的线断断续续，一般手摸后可留下很清楚的手印。 (5)钻石棱线:天然钻石硬度大刻面之间的棱线平直而锐利，仿制品棱线成圆滑状有磕碰痕迹。 4、钻石产地: 澳大利亚、安哥拉、扎伊尔、南非、博茨瓦纳、纳米比亚、俄罗斯、加拿大、印度、中国。 澳大利亚产量最大、中国产地有山东、辽宁、湖南等。 5、钻石4c评价: (1)钻石颜色(color) D 100 极白 E 99 极白 F 98 优白 G 97 优白 H 96 白 I 95 微黄白 J 94 微黄白(褐灰) K 93 浅黄白 L 92 浅黄白 M 91 浅黄 N 90 浅黄 (2)钻石净度(clarity) such as wages, subsidies to give some support, the new finds at national, provincial and municipal engineering laboratories, research centers and otherSome research funding support from the platform. Second, business methods of science are diverse. Innovative investment methods, expanding investment channels, to investment to achieve tangible results. At present, in the County completed project is our invitation to work can make good use of resources, rich with enterprise information, contacts, and other resources for investment by business, not only low cost and high efficiency. Relatives and friends also can use outside resources, we must actively take the initiative to strengthen contacts with them, making full use of their resources, for the County investment broker. The town streets, industrial development focal points to pick a strong backbone of investment, aimed at more recent relocation of Beijing-Tianjin-Tangshan, Yangtze River Delta and other economically developed areas, the implementation of resident merchants. Internet merchants, so ... ... Investment, investment, investment policy on the Internet "play" and let customers know more about ... ... and the ... ... and yearn for. ... ... Make full use of the Internet for valuable business information, communicating and negotiating with that as a clue. Investment firm into line and encourage qualified enterprises to actively introduce strategic partners, through mergers, asset restructuring, equity investment, transfer, technological innovation and other forms of enterprise 钻石的所有缺陷称为瑕疵，可分为内部瑕疵和外部瑕疵，在销售过程中瑕疵要称为内含物或包体。 A、内部瑕疵:结晶包体、云状物、点群状包体、羽状纹、内部生长纹、裂理、内部原始晶面、空洞、缺口、击痕、激光孔、须状腰。 B、外部瑕疵:原始晶面、外部生长纹、刮伤、抛光纹、烧痕、额外刻面、棱线磨损。C、分级 a) 完全无暇级(FL):在10倍镜放大条件下，钻石内外部均无瑕疵。 b) 内部无瑕级(LC):10倍放大条件下钻石内部无瑕，外部可有轻微瑕疵。 c) 极微瑕级(VVS):钻石具极其微小瑕疵10倍镜下几乎观察不到，细小的点状包体、云状包体、生长纹，分为VVS1和VVS2。 d) 微瑕级(VS):具有较小瑕疵，10倍镜下较难观察到，分为VS1和VS2微瑕级以上为肉眼不可见级。 e) 瑕疵级(SI):钻石具有小瑕疵，10倍镜下很容易发现，分为SI1和SI2， 肉眼较难发现。 f)瑕级(I):10倍镜下一目了然肉眼可见分为I1不影响亮度、I2影响亮度、I3影响亮度和透明度。 (3)钻石切工(cut) a)钻石切工可以使钻石璀璨夺目，反之切割比例不当，会极大的影响钻石的亮度和火彩使钻石黯淡无色，标准圆钻切割57到58个刻面。b)钻石切割形状圆形、椭圆形、橄榄形、水滴形、心形、公主形、祖母绿形。 c)钻石四大切割中心:比利时/安特卫普、美国/纽约、以色列/特拉维夫、印度/孟买。 d)钻石评价标准:比例合适太薄出现鱼眼效应、太厚出现黑底。 (4)钻石克拉重(carat) such as wages, subsidies to give some support, the new finds at national, provincial and municipal engineering laboratories, research centers and otherSome research funding support from the platform. Second, business methods of science are diverse. Innovative investment methods, expanding investment channels, to investment to achieve tangible results. At present, in the County completed project is our invitation to work can make good use of resources, rich with enterprise information, contacts, and other resources for investment by business, not only low cost and high efficiency. Relatives and friends also can use outside resources, we must actively take the initiative to strengthen contacts with them, making full use of their resources, for the County investment broker. The town streets, industrial development focal points to pick a strong backbone of investment, aimed at more recent relocation of Beijing-Tianjin-Tangshan, Yangtze River Delta and other economically developed areas, the implementation of resident merchants. Internet merchants, so ... ... Investment, investment, investment policy on the Internet "play" and let customers know more about ... ... and the ... ... and yearn for. ... ... Make full use of the Internet for valuable business information, communicating and negotiating with that as a clue. Investment firm into line and encourage qualified enterprises to actively introduce strategic partners, through mergers, asset restructuring, equity investment, transfer, technological innovation and other forms of enterprise 1克=5克拉 1克拉=0.2克 1克拉=100分 钻石的价格和重量的比例是成平方增长。 明白了一些了吗,你理解了，才能购买到你自己以后不会后悔的钻石。 钻石饰品怎么保养 钻石怎么保养呢?大多数人几乎每天都戴着订婚钻戒，钻戒的使用频率非常高。因此你非常有必要细心地呵护它: 1、当你在做家务劳动等其它较重的体力工作时请勿配戴钻石，无论钻石是多么的坚固耐用，一次猛烈的撞击仍然能使其"粉身碎骨"。 2、在做家务时，切勿让钻石接触到氯化物漂白剂。 3、一旦出现钻石松动，错位或其它损坏等情况，请别继续配戴，直到由专业人员将其恢复"原状"。我们建议顾客每年到我们指定的服务地点对您的珠宝进行"年检"一次。 4、储放珠宝时，请务必将珠宝放入珠宝盒或其它带格的盒子里分件放好，避免钻石割伤其它珠宝。 [1] 分开放置: 钻石不会耗损，最适合天天配戴，但为了避免不必要的碰撞， 举凡运动沐浴等皆需将首饰取下，不戴时，应以盒子独立存放， 免得刮伤其它硬度较低的首饰。 [2] 避免重击: 做粗重工作时是不宜配戴钻石的，钻石虽耐磨， 但若such as wages, subsidies to give some support, the new finds at national, provincial and municipal engineering laboratories, research centers and otherSome research funding support from the platform. Second, business methods of science are diverse. Innovative investment methods, expanding investment channels, to investment to achieve tangible results. At present, in the County completed project is our invitation to work can make good use of resources, rich with enterprise information, contacts, and other resources for investment by business, not only low cost and high efficiency. Relatives and friends also can use outside resources, we must actively take the initiative to strengthen contacts with them, making full use of their resources, for the County investment broker. The town streets, industrial development focal points to pick a strong backbone of investment, aimed at more recent relocation of Beijing-Tianjin-Tangshan, Yangtze River Delta and other economically developed areas, the implementation of resident merchants. Internet merchants, so ... ... Investment, investment, investment policy on the Internet "play" and let customers know more about ... ... and the ... ... and yearn for. ... ... Make full use of the Internet for valuable business information, communicating and negotiating with that as a clue. Investment firm into line and encourage qualified enterprises to actively introduce strategic partners, through mergers, asset restructuring, equity investment, transfer, technological innovation and other forms of enterprise 依其纹路方向受到重击仍有可能破损。 [3] 避免不宜的化学接触: 做家务时，要将手上的钻石取下，因钻石有亲油性，容易因为油污儿掩盖了它的光芒。 另外， 最好不要让所配戴的钻石饰物沾上漂白水， 虽然漂白水不会损坏您的钻石，但会令金饰镶托退色或产生斑点。 [4] 小心佩戴: 因经常佩戴及活动容易导致钻石松动， 因此应时常注意钻石是否有松动状况， 每半年应到珠宝店让珠宝店为您的首饰作彻底清洗及检查。 另外，如果不方便到专业店清洗，也可以自己做一下简单保理，方法如下: [1] 准备一小碗温水，并滴入任何一种日常所用的温和清洁液。将钻饰浸在泡沫中，用一软牙刷轻轻地刷。再用流水清洗每一件首饰，用一不含麻的软布轻轻拭干。注意务必将下水池塞住。 [2] 取一小碗，将首饰浸入日用氨水与凉水1:1所配成的溶液。浸泡约30分钟后取出,将底托前后用一软刷轻轻拭干。将首饰再次浸入清洁液中，清水冲净并用纸巾擦干。 [3] 亦可使用任何牌子的珠宝清洁剂，并参照其说明进行清洗。 ?钻石的清洁 钻石与其它物品一样，也会被熏染，弄脏或沾上灰尘。各种溶济、粉末、皂类甚至是人体产生的油脂都会在钻石表面生成薄膜，降低钻石的光泽。此外，空气也有可能氧化珠宝或使其掉色。以下推荐几种方法清洁你的钻石: 用清洁剂冲洗 先将少许清洁剂倒入碗中与温水搅拌起泡沫，然后将钻石放入碗中，用柔软的刷子轻擦，擦刷完毕后将钻石取出放入金属such as wages, subsidies to give some support, the new finds at national, provincial and municipal engineering laboratories, research centers and otherSome research funding support from the platform. Second, business methods of science are diverse. Innovative investment methods, expanding investment channels, to investment to achieve tangible results. At present, in the County completed project is our invitation to work can make good use of resources, rich with enterprise information, contacts, and other resources for investment by business, not only low cost and high efficiency. Relatives and friends also can use outside resources, we must actively take the initiative to strengthen contacts with them, making full use of their resources, for the County investment broker. The town streets, industrial development focal points to pick a strong backbone of investment, aimed at more recent relocation of Beijing-Tianjin-Tangshan, Yangtze River Delta and other economically developed areas, the implementation of resident merchants. Internet merchants, so ... ... Investment, investment, investment policy on the Internet "play" and let customers know more about ... ... and the ... ... and yearn for. ... ... Make full use of the Internet for valuable business information, communicating and negotiating with that as a clue. Investment firm into line and encourage qualified enterprises to actively introduce strategic partners, through mergers, asset restructuring, equity investment, transfer, technological innovation and other forms of enterprise 网或滤茶器，用温水冲洗干净，再用软布擦干。 凉水浸泡 以1比4的比例将清洁剂溶入凉水中，将钻戒放入溶液中浸泡几分钟。取出并用软刷轻擦，再用溶液冲洗一次，随后用纸巾将其擦干。 冷水浸法 在半杯家庭用的阿摩尼亚水中，加入同等容量清水，将钻石浸入溶液中轻轻搅动，然后用纸将水吸干。 此外，使用超声波清洁器及其它专门的珠宝清洁器效果也不错。 ?外出携带钻石 1、在外携带着钻石或其它珠宝时你要加倍小心。现在市场上有特别为外出时制作的珠宝盒。 2、大多数都有天鹅绒里垫，还有小格可放入别针，耳环，手镯，项链等首饰。 3、在你取下戒指洗手时，勿将其放在水槽边沿以防其滑入水槽。 4、在公共场合，最好不要取下珠宝，也许你一时疏忽会忘了将其带走。 5、一个人夜间行路时，最好将珠宝取下放妥，钱财不外露嘛，特别是在可能出现危险的环境里。 ?注意事项 钻石首饰中的某些部件和部位比较容易损坏，佩戴、保养时请务必小心，这些比较容易损坏的首饰部件和部位是: 戒指:宝石底座的齿、指轮和花瓣。 项链(包括手链、颈链、脚链):闭启圈和搭钩。 挂件:瓜子攀，插销(指鸡心等照盒)、宝石底座的齿和花瓣。 耳环:蝶形片、宝爪、螺丝和连接链。 别针:长针保险和宝石底座的齿。 手镯:镯身的花纹和门头搭钩。 领夹:鳄鱼式弹簧夹。 以上介绍的是一些常用首饰的易损件和易损部位。在购买时先要检查这些部件和部位;在带时要注意对这些部件和部位的保护、轻使、不硬扯。若发现有不灵便的现象，可以加滴些钟表油(其他油不行)。还有最最关键 最最主要的就是 :“防盗” such as wages, subsidies to give some support, the new finds at national, provincial and municipal engineering laboratories, research centers and otherSome research funding support from the platform. Second, business methods of science are diverse. Innovative investment methods, expanding investment channels, to investment to achieve tangible results. At present, in the County completed project is our invitation to work can make good use of resources, rich with enterprise information, contacts, and other resources for investment by business, not only low cost and high efficiency. Relatives and friends also can use outside resources, we must actively take the initiative to strengthen contacts with them, making full use of their resources, for the County investment broker. The town streets, industrial development focal points to pick a strong backbone of investment, aimed at more recent relocation of Beijing-Tianjin-Tangshan, Yangtze River Delta and other economically developed areas, the implementation of resident merchants. Internet merchants, so ... ... Investment, investment, investment policy on the Internet "play" and let customers know more about ... ... and the ... ... and yearn for. ... ... Make full use of the Internet for valuable business information, communicating and negotiating with that as a clue. Investment firm into line and encourage qualified enterprises to actively introduce strategic partners, through mergers, asset restructuring, equity investment, transfer, technological innovation and other forms of enterprise