第八章 付款

null外贸英文函电外贸英文函电Chapter Eight PaymentChapter Eight PaymentChapter Eight Payment Objectives Warming-Up Leading In Background Language Points Related KnowledgeObjectivesObjectives Upon completion of this chapter, the students will: understand the flow chart of L/C. be able to urge the opening of the relative L/C. be able to check the L/C. be able to make the amendment of the L/CWarming-upWarming-up bill of exchange (draft) promissory note check/cheque1 draft at sight (sight draft) 2 draft after sight (time draft) 3 a draft at 30 days’ sightTools for payment 支付工具汇票本票支票Warming-upWarming-up L/C --- Collection ( documentary collection跟单托收) Remittance汇付 confirmed, irrevocable L/C(1) D/P (2) D/AT/T (telegraphic transfer) M/T (mail transfer) D/D (demand draft)Terms of payment （支付方式）frequently usednull信用证 Letter of credit是银行根据进口人的请求和指示向出口人开立的一定金额的，有条件的承诺付款的书面文件. A letter from a bank guaranteeing that a buyer's payment to a seller will be received on time and for the correct amount. In the event that the buyer is unable to make payment on the purchase, the bank will be required to cover the full or remaining amount of the purchase.null跟单托收(Documentary collection）是出口方在货物交运后， 出具以进口方为付款人的汇票， 连同各货运单据， 委托银行向进口方收取货款。 With it, the exporter ships the goods and presents documents to his or her bank specifying that the documents should be released to the importer only upon payment, or acceptance of a time draft. The exporter's bank will send the documents to the importer's bank in order to collect payment.null是最简单的国际货款结算方式。采用汇付方式结算货款时，出口方将货物直接交付给进口方，由进口方径自通过银行将货款汇给出口方。 It refers to transfer of funds from one party to another among different countries through banks. It is chiefly used for payment in advance, cash with order, delivery first and payment afterwards for small quantity of goods, commission or other charges. 汇付（Remittance）Leading InLeading InParties Concerned applicant beneficiary advising bank opening/issuing bank negotiation/negotiating bank  paying bank 开证申请人 受益人 通知行 开证行 议付行 付款行 null confirming bank drawee drawer shipping documents draw on sb. in one’s favor for one’s account 保兑行 受票人（指汇票） 出票人 海运单据 向某人开具汇票 以（某人）为受益人 以（某人）为付款人 null通知行（ADVISING BANK）：是指接受开证行的委托，将信用证转交出口方的银行，它只证明信用证的真实性，并不承担其他义务，一般是出口方所在的银行。 偿付行(Reimbursing Bank)是受开证行的委托，代开证行向议付行或其他垫款行偿还垫款的银行。 保兑行（Confirming bank）指根据开证行的请求在信用证上加具保兑的银行，保兑银行在信用证上加具保兑后，即对信用证独立负责，承担必须付款或议付的责任。 nullBackgroundIssuance of a Letter of Creditapplicantbeneficiaryissuing bankadvising bankcontract(1)(3)(2)(4)order to open creditcreditcredit adviceLetter 11-12Letter 11-12 L/C常用搭配 with reference to stipulate ready approach Language PointsL/C 常用搭配L/C 常用搭配 Open an L/Ccovering/regarding for the amount of in one’s favor for one’s account with/through+goods + amount +beneficiary + payer + issuing bankL/C 常用搭配L/C 常用搭配 Today we have opened an irrevocable L/C in your favor for the amount of US$ 9000 covering our Order No.3422 with/through the Bank of China, Dalian. 我们今天通过中国银行大连分行就第3422号定单开立了以你方为受益人的不可撤消的信用证，金额为9千美元。 L/C 常用搭配L/C 常用搭配 Please open an L/C covering twenty metric tons of apples for the amount of USD 20,000. We opened an L/C in your favor through the Citi Bank this morning. 请开立一个20公吨苹果的信用证，金额为2万美元。今早，我们经由花旗银行开立了一个以你方为受益人的信用证。L/C 常用搭配L/C 常用搭配今天，我方收到以你方为付款人的金额为3500美元的信用证。 We received an L/C for the amount of USD 3,500 for your account.with reference to 参考，查看with reference to 参考，查看 With reference to your offer of Jan. 3, we wish to point out that the price is US$24 each instead of US$ 26. We refer you to our contract of July 3 for 1000 dozen of men’s shirts. 参考你方1月3日报盘，我们想指出价格是每个24美元而不是26美元。 请查看我们7月3日关于1000打男式衬衫的。stipulatestipulate The shipment is stipulated to be made before July 15. It is stipulated in the contract that the insurance should be covered by the seller.（合同）规定在7月15日以前装运。合同规定由卖方投保。get the goods ready ( the goods) be readyget the goods ready ( the goods) be ready We’ll get the goods ready within a week. The goods have been ready for a week. 我们将在一个星期内把货备好。 货物备妥已有一个星期了。备货 （货物）备妥 approachapproach Tell the meaning of approach according to the sentences given below: I think that we’d better begin our promotion for new products since the Christmas selling season is approaching. We’ll approach the insurance company and cover the insurance on your behalf.nullBackgroundAmendment of an L/Capplicantbeneficiaryissuing bankadvising bankorder amendment(1)(3)(2)(4)amendment notificationorder amendmentamendment notificationLetter 13Letter 13 amend should be …instead ofLanguage Pointsamend ….as/toamend ….as/to Please amend the L/C to allow transshipment and partial shipment. Please amend the amount of the L/C, which should be €25,000. 请修改信用证，允许转船和分批装运。 请修改信用证金额，金额应为2万5千欧元。 amend ….as/toamend ….as/to‘Partial shipment is not allowed’ should be amended as ‘Partial shipment is allowed’. Please amend the amount of the L/C to “ 2% more or less” 不允许分批装运应改为允许分批装运。 请将信用证上的金额改为“2% 左右。amendment 修改，修改书amendment 修改，修改书Please make the amendment to the L/C. We enclose amendment advice of L/C No. 50.请对信用证作修改。兹附寄第50号信用证的修改通知。should be….instead of/notshould be….instead of/not开证行应是中国银行而不是花旗银行。 单价应为每公吨38英镑而不是每公吨38欧元。 The issuing bank should be Bank of China instead of Citi Bank.The unit price should be £38 per M/T not €38 per M/T.should be….instead of/notshould be….instead of/not装运港是上海，不是大连。 付款方式应该是即期信用证而不是远期信用证。 The terms of payment should be L/C at sight instead of L/C after sight.The port of shipment is Shanghai not Dalian.ReturnnullPayment under a Letter of CreditEXPORT-IMPORT PROCEDURE EXPORT-IMPORT PROCEDURE 1. Seller and Buyer conclude a sales contract, with method of payment usually by letter of credit (documentary credit). 2. Buyer applies to his issuing bank, usually in Buyer's country, for letter of credit in favor of Seller (beneficiary). EXPORT-IMPORT PROCEDUREEXPORT-IMPORT PROCEDURE 3.Issuing bank requests another bank to advise the credit. 4. Advising bank forwards letter of credit to Seller informing about the terms and conditions of credit. EXPORT-IMPORT PROCEDUREEXPORT-IMPORT PROCEDURE 5. If credit terms and conditions conform to sales contract, Seller prepares goods and documentation, and arranges delivery of goods to carrier. 6. Seller presents documents to negotiating bank named in the credit (the advising bank usually). EXPORT-IMPORT PROCEDUREEXPORT-IMPORT PROCEDURE7. Bank examines the documents. If complied with, bank will negotiate. 8. Bank sends the documents and draft to the issuing bank. 9. Bank examines the documents. If complied with, Seller's draft is honored.EXPORT-IMPORT PROCEDUREEXPORT-IMPORT PROCEDURE10. Documents release to Buyer after payment. 11.Buyer surrenders bill of lading to carrier (in case of ocean freight) in exchange for the goods or the delivery order. Related KnowledgeRelated Knowledge other method of payment means of letters of credit checking the incoming of letters of credit Delay in opening of an L/C Other methods of paymentOther methods of payment 1. Open Account 赊销 In an open account trade arrangement, the goods are shipped to a buyer without guarantee of payment. Quite often, the buyer does not pay on the agreed time. Unless the buyer's integrity is un-questionable, this trade arrangement is risky to the seller. 委托（销售） 委托（销售） 2. Consignment In a consignment trade arrangement, the seller ships the goods to the buyer when there is no purchase made. The buyer is obliged to pay the seller for the goods when sold. The seller retains title to the goods until the buyer has sold them. 预付现金 预付现金 3. Cash In Advance (CID) The cash in advance, which is the safest term of payment, most often is effected using the cheque or bank draft. In some cases, the CID term is paid using the telegraphic transfer (T/T). Means of Opening Letters of Credit Means of Opening Letters of Credit A letter of credit can be opened at the request of the applicant by means of airmail信开本or cable电开本（Brief Cable /partial text cable 简电本、 full cable 全电本and SWIFT). null Airmail The issuing bank airmails the original letter of credit through an advising bank. The airmail costs the least to the applicant, but it is the slowest means for sending the L/C to the beneficiary. The L/C may take several days to a few weeks to reach the advising bank and then the beneficiary. Therefore, airmail is not recommended in consignments requiring a short delivery time like 30 days. Brief Cable (Partial Text Cable) Brief Cable (Partial Text Cable) The issuing bank first teletransmits a pre-advice, which does not show the full details of the credit, to the advising bank and follows it by a mail confirmation. The main advantage of a brief cable is that it gives the exporter some advance information about the L/C and provides assurance that an L/C has been opened.Full CableFull Cable The full cable costs more to the applicant than airmail or brief cable, but it is the fastest means for the L/C to reach the beneficiary. It is ideal in consignments requiring a short delivery time of 30 days or less.SWIFT信用证（全银电协信用证）SWIFT信用证（全银电协信用证） SWIFT是“环球同业银行金融电讯协会”(Society for Worldwide Interbank Financial Telecommunication)的英文简称。 SWIFT信用证是指通过SWIFT系统开立或予以通知的信用证。采用SWIFT信用证必须遵守SWIFT的规定，也必须使用SWIFT手册规定的代号（Tag），而且信用证必须遵循国际商会2007年修订的《跟单信用证统一惯例》各项条款的规定。 目前开立SWIFT信用证的格式代码为MT700和MT701,如对信用证进行修改，则采用MT707格式。 SWIFT信用证的特点是快速、准确、简明、可靠。 null Regardless of the means used in opening an L/C, it is important to request the importer to fax in advance the 1. L/C number, 2. L/C issuing and expiry dates,    name and location (city) of the issuing bank and advising bank 3. L/C amountChecking the incoming of letters of creditChecking the incoming of letters of credit The exporter should check the details of letter of credit, including the following: The names and addresses are complete and spelled correctly. The amount is sufficient to cover the consignment. null The L/C is irrevocable and confirmed by the advising bank, conforming to sales contract. The description of goods is correct. The quantity is correct. The unit price of goods, if stated in the L/C, conforms to the contract price. The latest date for shipment or the shipping date is sufficient to dispatch the consignment. null The latest date for negotiation or the expiry date is sufficient to present the documents and draft(s) to the bank. The port of shipment and the port of destination are correct. The partial shipment is permitted or prohibited. null The transshipment is permitted or prohibited. The L/C is transferable or non-transferable. The type of risk and the amount of insurance coverage, if required. The documents required are obtainable. Delay in opening an L/CDelay in opening an L/C The buyer's delay in opening the L/C after an order is placed can occur in such circumstances as: The delay in issuing the import permit. The shortage in the foreign exchange reserves. The importer is in a tight financial position. null The buyer who places the order is not in charge or does not have the authority to open the L/C. The domestic selling price of the import goods drops. The currency of the importing country devalues.null The method of the importer is to convince the exporter to produce the goods and, knowing that they are ready, the importer then would give all sorts of reasons and bargain for discounts before opening the L/C. The exporter may be forced to sell the goods at a lower price to generate cash.