大学生论文：大学生体育锻炼坚持性的影响因素及其对策研究

大学生：大学生体育锻炼坚持性的影响因素及其对策研究 大学生论文:大学生体育锻炼坚持性的影响因素及其对策研究 【中文摘要】长期、科学、规律地坚持体育锻炼能够使人获得积极的身心效益、提高运动技能、提高社会适应能力。大学生作为社会的中坚力量,其体育锻炼坚持性如何直接影响到身心健康的问题,这不仅涉及到高校体育教育改革的发展,更是涉及到高素质人才塑造的质量问题。本课题通过对高校大学生体育锻炼坚持性问题进行研究,将探索影响大学生体育锻炼坚持性的因素和机理,并在此基础上提出提高大学生体育锻炼坚持性的对策,从而进一步促进体育教育改革的深化,有针对性的提高大学生的体育锻炼坚持性,不断增强其身心健康,对提高高素质人才的质量等有着一定的理论意义和现实意义。本文通过文献资料法、访谈法、问卷调查法、数理统计法、逻辑分析法进行了选题、资料的收集与分析。通过调查研究法,对苏州市6所高校的955名大学生进行了问卷调查,对相关教师、同学进行了访谈调查。研究结果如下:(1)大学生体育锻炼坚持性现状堪忧,部分院校未落实大学体育课程相关政策,项目开展不均衡;半数多大学生体育锻炼的频率、时长、强度达不到体育人口相关要求。(2)坚持体育锻炼对大学生身心有着积极的影响,认知水平、自尊水平及情感体验水平较高,灵敏、耐力、力量等身体素质和体育达标成绩良好。(3)主观方面:个人的余暇时间和精力,客观方面:场地设施条件、周围锻炼氛围、课业或兼职、被指导情况均影响着大学生体育锻炼坚持性。(4)男大 学生的体育锻炼坚持性优于女大学生;体育锻炼坚持性由好至差分别 为二年级、三年级、四年级、一年级;医科和理科大学生体育锻炼坚 持性相对其它学科较差。(5)个体参与体育活动与健康、协调、运动 能力、整体身体、外、力量、灵活和耐力等身体素质或生理特点的 相关具有显著性;健康状况自评良好的大学生,其体育锻炼坚持性也 较好。(6)认知、情感体验、意向、态度、动机、行为控制感、自尊 等心理水平均影响着大学生体育锻炼坚持性。(7)国家的政策、家庭、 对大学生有重要影响的人等社会环境,锻炼的场地设施、教师(锻炼指 导员)、锻炼团体等锻炼环境,体育项选择影响着大学生体育锻炼坚持 性。(8)提高大学生体育锻炼坚持性的对策:消除不利于大学生体育锻 炼坚持性的人口统计学因素;纠正不利于大学生体育锻炼坚持性的认 知偏差因素;提高有利于大学生体育锻炼坚持性的心理因素;强化有 利于大学生体育锻炼坚持性的环境因素;落实有利于大学生体育锻炼 坚持性的相关政策。 【英文摘要】Chronic, scientific, regular physical exercise adherence can make people to attain positive physical and mental efficiency, improve exercise skills, and improve social adaptability. As the backbone of society, the physical exercise adherence of college students influences the physical and mental health problems directly, what involves not only in the development of physical education reform in college, but also in the quality of shape about the high-quality personnel. The issue of physical exercise adherence of college students is researched in this study, the factors and mechanism of physical exercise adherence of college students is explored, and on this basis, the resources of promoting physical exercise adherence of college students are proposed, that promote physical education reform in college, and improve physical exercise adherence of college students purposively, enhance college students’physical and mental health constantly, improve the quality of high-quality personnel. There is a certain theoretical and practical significance in this study.This study selected topic, collected data and analysis through literature, interviews, questionnaires, statistics and logical analysis. 955 students from 6 colleges in Soochow are surveyed by questionnaires, meanwhile, the relevant teachers and students are interviewed in this research.The results are as follows:(1) The status of the physical exercise adherence of college students is worrying. Some policy about P.E. course have not implemented in colleges. The development of items is not harmonious. More than half students in college couldn’t satisfy the requirements of sports population among physical exercise frequency, duration, intensity.(2) Positive impacts on both physical and mental are reflected in the college students who keeping physical exercise. The level of cognizance, self-esteem and emotional experience is high. The physical predisposition such as flexibility, endurance, strength, coordination and physical achievement is fine.(3) The leisure time and energy in subjective, and the conditions of place and facilities, the surrounding atmosphere of exercise, academic or part-time job, and guiding in objective influence the physical exercise adherence of college students.(4) Male students is better than female students in physical exercise adherence; the sort of physical exercise adherence from good to bad is: grade two, grade three, grade four, grade one; the physical exercise adherence of students in medical college and science department is relative poor than others.(5) Individual participation in physical exercise has significant relativity with physical predisposition such as health, coordination, exercise capacity, appearance, strength, flexibility and endurance. The students who assess one self’s health level higher, the physical exercise adherences are better.(6) The psychological levels such as cognizance, emotional experience, intention, attitude, motivation, sense of behavior control, self-esteem etc. influence the physical exercise adherence of college students.(7) The policy, family, social environment, exercise facilities, teachers (training instructor), environmental groups, item of sports influence the physical exercise adherence of college students.(8) Resources of promoting physical exercise adherence of college students: to eliminate the statistics factors that is not beneficial to physical exercise adherence of college students; to rectify the deviation in cognizance about physical exercise adherence; to increase the psychological levels that is benefit to physical exercise adherence; enhanced the environmental factors that is benefit to physical exercise adherence; to implement the policies that is benefit to physical exercise adherence. 【关键词】大学生 体育锻炼 坚持性 因素 影响 【备注】索购全文在线加好友:1.3.9.9.3.8848 同时提供论文写作一对一指导和论文发表委托服务 【英文关键词】college students physical exercise adherence factors influence 【目录】大学生体育锻炼坚持性的影响因素及其对策研究 中 文摘要 4-6 Abstract 6-7 1 序言 10-24 1.1 选 题依据 10-11 1.2 研究意义 11-12 1.3 文献综述 12-21 1.3.1 我国在这方面进行的研究 12-17 1.3.2 国外的研究动态及发展趋势 17-20 1.3.3 坚持体育锻炼的作 用和价值 20-21 1.4 相关概念辨析 21-24 1.4.1 体育人口 21-22 1.4.2 锻炼动机 22-23 1.4.3 锻炼意志 23-24 2 研究对象和方法 24-28 2.1 研究对象 24 2.2 研究方法 24-28 2.2.1 文献资料法 24 2.2.2 访谈法 24-25 2.2.3 问卷调查法 25-26 2.2.4 数理统计法 26-27 2.2.5 逻辑分析法 27-28 3 结果与分析 28-61 3.1 大学生体育锻炼坚持性的现状 28-35 3.1.1 大学生体育锻炼坚持性自评 28 3.1.2 大学开展体育活动的情况 28-30 3.1.3 大学生体育锻炼的项目 30-31 3.1.4 大学生体育锻炼的频率 31-32 3.1.5 大学生体育锻炼的时长 32 3.1.6 大学生体育锻炼的强度 32-33 3.1.7 大学生体育锻炼的性质 33-34 3.1.8 未坚持体育锻炼大学生余暇时间的利用 34-35 3.2 坚持体育锻炼对大学生身心的影响 35-40 3.2.1 坚持体育锻炼对大学生的综合影响 35-36 3.2.2 坚持体育锻炼对大学生生理的影响 36-37 3.2.3 坚持体育锻炼对大学生心理的影响 37-39 3.2.4 坚持体育锻炼对大学生部分测试项目成绩的影响 39-40 3.3 影响大学生体育锻炼坚持性的因素分析 40-61 3.3.1 影响大学生体育锻炼坚持性的综合分析 40-42 3.3.2 个人因素对体育锻炼坚持性的影响 42-54 3.3.3 环境因素对体育锻炼坚持性的影响 54-58 3.3.4 体育活动对体育锻炼坚持性的影响 58-61 4 提高大学生体育锻炼坚持性的对策 61-63 4.1 消除不利于大学生体育锻炼坚持性的人口统计学因素 61 4.2 纠正不利于大学生体育锻炼坚持性的认知偏差因素 61 4.3 提高有利于大学生体育锻炼坚持性的心理因素 61-62 4.4 强化有利于大学生体育锻炼坚持性的环境因素 62 4.5 落实有利于大学生体育锻炼坚持性的相关政策 62-63 5 结论 63-65 6 参考文献 65-74 7 附件 74-81 8 攻读硕士学位期间公开出版的著作与发表的论文 81-82 9 致谢 82-84