美军性虐待报告2

Armed Forces 2002 Sexual Harassment Survey Armed Forces 2002 Sexual Harassment Survey February 25, 2004February 25, 2004 Information and Technology for Better Decision MakingMD DC 2 February 2004 Study Methodology y Survey Design − Survey designed to allow comparisons to 1995 survey − Topics covered include demographics, workplace information, gender- related experiences in the military, and personnel policies and practices; other topics were included on this survey (e.g., mentoring, leadership), but are reported separately y Survey Administration − Paper-and-pencil with Web option − Sample size: 60,415 − Population consisted of all active-duty members of Army, Navy, Marine Corps, Air Force, and Coast Guard below the rank of admiral or general, with at least 6 months of active-duty service − Data collection December 2001-April 2002 − Response rate 36% Information and Technology for Better Decision MakingMD DC 3 February 2004 2002 Measures y Core measure consists of 19 items representing a spectrum of unprofessional, gender-related behaviors (including a write-in that is not included in measure) y SH measure has 12 behavioral items plus 1 labeling item − 12 items that measure unprofessional, gender-related behaviors − And, one item that asks Service members, "Do you consider ANY of these behaviors which YOU MARKED AS HAPPENING TO YOU in Question 55 to have been sexual harassment?” 02WGR Q55, Q56 Unwanted Sexual Unwanted Sexual AttentionAttention (4)(4) Crude/Offensive Crude/Offensive BehaviorBehavior (4)(4) Sexual CoercionSexual Coercion (4)(4) Sexual Sexual HarassmentHarassment (12)(12) Sexist BehaviorSexist Behavior (4)(4) Sexual AssaultSexual Assault (2)(2) Any IncidentAny Incident (19)(19) Other SexOther Sex--RelatedRelated (1)(1) Information and Technology for Better Decision MakingMD DC 4 February 2004 31 8 2 23 5 1 63 42 13 45 27 8 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 Crude/Offensive Behavior Unwanted Sexual Attention Sexual Coercion Males - 1995 Males - 2002 Females - 1995 Females - 2002 Components of Sexual Harassment Measure, by Year y Reported experiences of Crude/Offensive Behavior and Unwanted Sexual Attention decreased for women and men between 1995 and 2002 Margin of error does not exceed ±3 02WGR Q55, Q56 95SHS Q71, Q72 Percent Who Experienced Behavior in Past 12 Months Information and Technology for Better Decision MakingMD DC 5 February 2004 Sexual Harassment Incident Rates, by Service and Year y In 2002, nearly a quarter of women reported experiencing Sexual Harassment (24%) − For women, Air Force members reported experiences at lowest rate (18% vs. 24-29%) y Reported incident rates declined between 1995 and 2002 for women and men − Largest improvement for Marine Corps women (57% vs. 27%) 8 8 9 9 7 5 46 53 42 57 40 42 3 3 3 3 3 4 24 29 26 27 18 24 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 Total DoD Army Navy Marine Corps Air Force Coast Guard Total DoD Army Navy Marine Corps Air Force Coast Guard MALES FEMALES Margin of error does not exceed ±5 Males - 1995 Males - 2002 Females - 1995 Females - 2002 Percent Who Experienced Behavior in Past 12 Months and Labeled Behavior Sexual Harassment 02WGR Q55, Q56 95SHS Q71, Q72 Information and Technology for Better Decision MakingMD DC 6 February 2004 Percent of Members Reporting Sexist Behavior, by Service and Year y For women, Air Force members reported experiencing the lowest rate of Sexist Behavior (40%); Marine Corps members reported experiencing the highest rate (64%) − Largest percentage-point decline from 1995 to 2002 for Air Force women (59% vs. 40%) 15 16 14 15 15 14 63 67 62 77 59 65 17 18 18 17 14 18 50 53 56 64 40 56 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 Total DoD Army Navy Marine Corps Air Force Coast Guard Total DoD Army Navy Marine Corps Air Force Coast Guard Margin of error does not exceed ±6 MALES FEMALES 02WGR Q55 95SHS Q71 Males - 1995 Males - 2002 Females - 1995 Females - 2002 Percent Who Experienced Behavior in Past 12 Months Information and Technology for Better Decision MakingMD DC 7 February 2004 Percent of Members Reporting Sexual Assault, by Service and Year • For women, the decrease in the Sexual Assault rate was significant across all Services—with the greatest decline occurring for Army women (9% vs. 3%) 1 2 6 9 6 9 4 41 1 3 3 3 5 2 20*1*1*1* 1*1*1*1* 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 Total DoD Army Navy Marine Corps Air Force Coast Guard Total DoD Army Navy Marine Corps Air Force Coast Guard * Low precision and/or unweighted denominator size between 30 and 59. MALES FEMALES 02WGR Q55 95SHS Q71 Males - 1995 Males - 2002 Females - 1995 Females - 2002 Percent Who Experienced Behavior in Past 12 Months Margin of error does not exceed ±2 Information and Technology for Better Decision MakingMD DC 8 February 2004 46 54 44 51 51 73 38 37 37 35 35 23 16 10 19 14 13 4 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% During duty hours - 2002 During duty hours - 1995 At work - 2002 At work - 1995 At a military installation - 2002 At a military installation - 1995 All of it Some of it None of it Where and When Situation Occurred for Women, by Year y Fewer women reported in 2002 than in 1995 that all of the behaviors occurred during duty hours, at a military installation, and at work − Women in each of the Services were at least 20 percentage points less likely to indicate in 2002 than in 1995 that all the behaviors occurred on a military installation—this decline was significant for women in each of the paygrades y For women in 2002, junior enlisted members were the least likely, and senior officers were the most likely, to report all their experiences occurred at work and during duty hours Margin of error does not exceed ±2 02WGR Q59 95SHS Q74, Q75, Q76 Information and Technology for Better Decision MakingMD DC 9 February 2004 14 7 4 10 46 58 11 43 55 40 54 60 50 25 15 54 34 29 52 32 30 47 32 26 37 68 80 36 20 13 37 25 15 13 14 14 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% Sexual Assault Sexual Harassment Only Sexist Behavior Only Sexual Assault Sexual Harassment Only Sexist Behavior Only Sexual Assault Sexual Harassment Only Sexist Behavior Only Sexual Assault Sexual Harassment Only Sexist Behavior Only All of it Some of it None of it Where and When Situation Occurred for Women, by Type y Situations involving sexual assault (in combination with other behaviors) are less likely than those only involving sexist behavior or sexual harassment to occur on an installation, at work, or during duty hours − And more likely to occur in local communities around installations − There were too few cases of sexual assault to analyze separately from also experiencing other behaviors Margins of error for Sexist Behavior/Sexual Harassment do not exceed ±3 02WGR Q59 At a military installation During duty hours At work In local community Margin of error for Sexual Assault does not exceed ±9 Information and Technology for Better Decision MakingMD DC 10 February 2004 New Measure of Perceived Gender-Related Discrimination y Investigation into Army’s Aberdeen situation indicated that gender discrimination was a pervasive issue − DMDC developed measure of perceived racial/ethnic discrimination in the workplace and included measure in 1996 Equal Opportunity Survey (EOS) − Dimensions included: Evaluations, Assignments, and Career y Based on results from 1996 EOS, gender version of measure developed and included in this survey *Q54L and Q54M were combined into one item AssignmentAssignment 4 Items4 Items EvaluationEvaluation 4 Items4 Items CareerCareer 4 Items4 Items Discrimination*Discrimination* 12 Items12 Items Information and Technology for Better Decision MakingMD DC 11 February 2004 11 12 12 17 8 128 9 9 12 5 109 11 8 13 6 12 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 Total DoD Army Navy Marine Corps Air Force Coast Guard Evaluation Assignment Career Gender-Related Discrimination For Women, by Service y Marine Corps women reported highest incident rate of Evaluation (17%); Air Force women reported lowest incident rate of Evaluation (8%) y Air Force women reported lowest Assignment incident rate (5% vs. 9-12%) y Air Force (6%) and Navy (8%) women reported a lower rate of Career than women in other Services (11-13%) Percent of Females Who Experienced Behavior in Past 12 Months Margin of error does not exceed ±2; Margin of error for Marine Corps and Coast Guard does not exceed ±4 02WGR Q54 Information and Technology for Better Decision MakingMD DC 12 February 2004 5 6 5 3 4 52 3 3 2 22 2 2 2 2 2* 1* 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 Total DoD Army Navy Marine Corps Air Force Coast Guard Evaluation Assignment Career Gender-Related Discrimination For Men, by Service y For men, rate of Evaluation was twice as high as Assignment and Career y Two percent of men reported experiencing Assignment and Career Percent of Males Who Experienced Behavior in Past 12 Months Margin of error does not exceed ±4 02WGR Q54 Information and Technology for Better Decision MakingMD DC 13 February 2004 Effectiveness of Training y At least 75% of women and men agreed their Service’s sexual harassment training effectively conveyed the following: − a good understanding of what words and actions are considered sexual harassment (both 90%) − behaviors that are offensive to others and should not be tolerated (both 92%) − sexual harassment reduces the cohesion and effectiveness of your Service as a whole (females 89%, males 90%) − sexual harassment makes it difficult for Service members to perform their duties (females 90%, males 91%) − useful tools for dealing with sexual harassment (females 83%, males 84%) − information about policies, procedures, and consequences of sexual harassment (both 91%) − it is safe to complain about unwanted, sex-related attention (females 76%, males 83%) 02WGR Q82 Percent Who Had Training Information and Technology for Better Decision MakingMD DC 14 February 2004 67 75 65 75 65 74 25 19 30 21 29 21 8 6 5 4 5 4 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 Immediate Supervisor - 1995 Immediate Supervisor - 2002 Senior Installation Leadership - 1995 Senior Installation Leadership - 2002 Senior Service Leadership - 1995 Senior Service Leadership - 2002 Yes Don't Know No 1995 and 2002 Comparison Please Give Your Opinion About Whether the Persons Below Make Honest and Reasonable Efforts To Stop Sexual Harassment, Regardless of What Is Said Officially. Margin of error does not exceed ±2 02WGR Q79 95SHS Q110 Leadership Efforts To Stop Sexual Harassment, by Year y Between 1995 and 2002, there was an increase in the number of Service members who reported that each of the three leadership levels was trying to stop sexual harassment